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长期夜间高温对9个大豆品种营养生长期的影响

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种子 2024年第7期 81-90+96页

作者：舒天楚 Daryl Chastain 奥本大学密西西比州立大学

为探究夜间高温对大豆从播种到花期的生理影响，确定大豆由长期夜间高温产生的表型变异是否由基因型差异引起，对9个大豆品种从播种到花期施加极端夜间高温（EHNT,30℃/30℃,昼/夜）,研究此环境对大豆生理指标和营养生长的影响。测量指... 详细信息

为探究夜间高温对大豆从播种到花期的生理影响，确定大豆由长期夜间高温产生的表型变异是否由基因型差异引起，对9个大豆品种从播种到花期施加极端夜间高温（EHNT,30℃/30℃,昼/夜）,研究此环境对大豆生理指标和营养生长的影响。测量指标包括：光合作用速率、呼吸作用速率、叶绿素含量和荧光分析。结果表明，在高光照强度[1 750μmol/（m2·s）]下的营养生长阶段长期极端夜间高温降低了光合速率、气孔导度、叶绿素含量和PSⅡ效率（fv/fm）,但不改变呼吸作用速率。从显著降低的这些生理指标中观察到了品种变异。部分品种通过未产生变化的地上部生物量显示出对极端夜间高温的耐受性。在大豆品种S14-15146R和DS25-1中，极端夜间高温耐受性可能与PSⅡ的光化学效率（fv/fm）有关。

关键词：夜间高温大豆 fv/fm 光合作用营养生长期

Genetic analysis of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat grown in different light intensities

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第6期56卷 594-604页

作者： Hongwei Li Gui Wang Qi Zheng Bin Li Ruilian Jing Zhensheng Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Crop Sciences the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Growth light intensities largely determine photo-synthesis, biomass, and grain yield of cereal crops. To explore the genetic basis of light responses of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, a quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid （DH） population grown in low light （LL）, medium light （ML）, and high light （HL）, respectively. The results showed that the wheat seedlings grown in HL produced more biomass with lower total chlorophyll content （Chl）, carotenoid content, and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II （fv/fm） while the wheat seed-lings grown in LL produced less biomass with higher Chl compared with those grown in ML. In total, 48 QTLs were identified to be associated with the investigated parameters in relation to growth light intensities. These QTLs were mapped to 15 chromosomes which individually explained 6.3%-36.0% of the phenotypic variance, of which chromo-somes 3A, 1D, and 6B were specifically involved in LL response, 5D and 7A specifically involved in ML response, and 4B specifically involved in HL response. Several light-responsive QTLs were co-located with QTLs for photosyn-thetic parameters, biomass, and grain weight under various conditions which may provide new hints to uncover the genetic control of photosynthesis, biomass, and grain weight.

关键词： Biomass carotenoids chlorophyll fv/fm quantitative trait locus Triticum aestivum L.

Photosynthetic physiologies of phytoplankton in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean during the spring inter-monsoon

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第6期38卷 83-91页

作者： Chao Yuan Zongjun Xu Xuelei Zhang Qinsheng Wei Huiwu Wang Zongling Wang College of Environment Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266061China Marine Ecology Research Center MNR Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine EcosystemsFirst Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

Phytoplankton physiologies are dynamic and have sensitive responses to the ambient environment. In this paper, we examine photosynthetic physiologies of phytoplankton communities with Phyto-PAM in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean during the spring inter-monsoon. Environmental parameters were measured to investigate the coupling between phytoplankton photosynthetic physiologies and their habitats. During the cruise, the water column was highly stratified. The mixed layer extended to about 75 m and was characterized by high temperature (>28°C) and low nutrient level. The fv/fm values and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were lower at the surface, as consequences of nutrient depletion and photo-inhibition. Subsurface Chl a maximum (SCM) occurred between 75 and 100 m, and had the highest fv/fm values. The formation of SCM was a balance between nutrient availability and light limitation. The SCM may contribute significantly to pelagic food web and primary production in the water column. Phytoplankton in different layers encountered different light, trophic and hydrographic dynamics and evolved distinct photosynthetic characteristics. Despite of co-limitation of nutrient limitation and photo-inhibition, phytoplankton in the surface layer showed their acclimation to high irradiance, had lower light utilization efficiencies (α: 0.061±0.032) and could exploit a wide range of light irradiance. Whereas, phytoplankton in the SCM layers presented the highest light utilization efficiencies (α: 0.146±0.48), which guaranteed higher photosynthetic capacities under low light level. These results provide insights into phytoplankton photo-adaption strategies in this less explored region.

关键词： fv/fm rapid light curves photosynthetic physiologies eastern equatorial Indian Ocean

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土壤水分胁迫对短葶飞蓬有效成分含量的影响

中国中药杂志 2009年第10期34卷 1191-1194页

作者：张亚妮苏文华张光飞云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所云南昆明650091

目的:研究土壤水分胁迫对短葶飞蓬灯盏乙素和咖啡酸酯含量的影响,验证逆境效应理论。方法:测定8%,15%,23%3个水分梯度下短葶飞蓬植株PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(fv/fm),氮含量、灯盏乙素和咖啡酸酯含量。结果和结论:8%,23%含水量组的短葶飞... 详细信息

目的:研究土壤水分胁迫对短葶飞蓬灯盏乙素和咖啡酸酯含量的影响,验证逆境效应理论。方法:测定8%,15%,23%3个水分梯度下短葶飞蓬植株PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(fv/fm),氮含量、灯盏乙素和咖啡酸酯含量。结果和结论:8%,23%含水量组的短葶飞蓬植株fv/fm明显低于15%正常水处理组,分别构成轻度干旱和水涝胁迫。2种水分胁迫条件下,短葶飞蓬氮含量低于正常处理组,而有效成分却显著高于正常水处理组。水分胁迫促进了短葶飞蓬药用成分的积累,结果支持环境诱导次生代谢产物合成积累的"碳素/营养平衡假说"和道地药材形成的"逆境效应理论"。

关键词：逆境灯盏花灯盏乙素咖啡酸酯 fv/fm

Linear Relationships between Photosynthetic Rate and Photochemical Energy Expressed by <i>PAR</i>×<i>fv/fm</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 125-138页

作者： Dongbao Sun Qingsuo Wang Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China

Photosynthetic rate (Pn) of plants is simultaneously affected by photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and maximum yield of primary photochemistry (fv/fm). In order to explore the quantitative relationship between Pn, PAR and fv/fm, those parameters were simultaneously measured for different plant species (maize, sunflower, daylily and alfalfa), growth stages and irrigation treatments. Results indicated that the diurnal variation of Pn had no significant correlation with that of fv/fm. Mean diurnal values of Pn were linearly correlated with those of fv/fm among the different irrigation treatments of alfalfa (p fv/fm only at midday (12:00 and 14:00) (p fv/fm (p fv/fm), the light energy directly used in photochemical reactions of plants.

关键词： Net Photosynthetic Rate PAR fv/fm Relationship

Transcriptome profiling reveals the roles of pigment mechanisms in postharvest broccoli yellowing

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 846-859页

作者： Feng Luo Jia-Hui Cai Xi-Man Kong Qian Zhou Xin Zhou Ying-Bo Zhao Shu-Juan Ji Department of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University110866 ShenyangPR Chin

Postharvest broccoli is prone to yellowing during storage,which is the key factor leading to a reduction in value.To explore appropriate control methods,it is important to understand the mechanisms of yellowing.We analyzed the genes related to the metabolism of chlorophyll,carotenoids,and flavonoids and the transcription factors(TFs)involved in broccoli yellowing using transcriptome sequencing profiling.Broccoli stored at 10℃showed slight yellowing on postharvest day 5 and serious symptoms on day 12.There were significant changes in chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics,mainly manifesting as a decrease in the fv/fm value and an increase in nonphotochemical quenching,during the yellowing process.Transcriptome sequencing profiles from samples of fresh broccoli and broccoli with slight and severe yellowing revealed 6,5,and 4 differentially expressed genes involved in chlorophyll metabolism,carotenoid biosynthesis,and flavonoid biosynthesis,respectively.The transcription factor gene ontology categories showed that the MYB,bHLH,and bZip gene families were involved in chlorophyll metabolism.In addition,the transcription factor families included NACs and ethylene response factors(ERFs)that regulated carotenoid biosynthesis.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction further confirmed that bHLH66,PIF4,LOB13,NAC92,and APL were vital transcription factors that potentially regulated the CAO and HYD genes and were involved in chlorophyll metabolism and the carotenoid biosynthetic process.The flavonoid biosynthetic pathway was mainly regulated by MYBs,NACs,WRKYs,MADSs,and bZips.The results of the differentially expressed gene(DEG)and pigment content analyses indicated that the transcriptome data were accurately and positively associated with broccoli yellowing.

关键词： fv/fm process fir

2017年绿潮浒苔(Ulva prolifera)生理特征及孢子囊形成情况分析

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海洋与湖沼 2018年第5期49卷 999-1005页

作者：郑阵兵高山王广策中国科学院海洋研究所实验生物学重点实验室青岛266071 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室青岛266235 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心青岛266071

近几年来在我国青岛海域连续暴发的浒苔绿潮造成了巨大的经济损失并且破坏了近海海洋生态系统平衡。因此,浒苔绿潮受到了越来越多的关注。本研究重点关注了绿潮暴发期间不同海域浒苔藻体生理特征和孢子囊形成情况。研究发现,不同海域里... 详细信息

近几年来在我国青岛海域连续暴发的浒苔绿潮造成了巨大的经济损失并且破坏了近海海洋生态系统平衡。因此,浒苔绿潮受到了越来越多的关注。本研究重点关注了绿潮暴发期间不同海域浒苔藻体生理特征和孢子囊形成情况。研究发现,不同海域里浒苔藻体生理特征差异显著,孢子囊比例显著不同,并且观察到漂浮浒苔的原位萌发。2017年5月中旬,我们在苏北浅滩紫菜养殖区域(33.78°N,121.29°E)对筏架绠绳上生长的绿藻,退潮后滩涂散落的绿藻和涨潮时海面上漂浮的绿藻进行为期5天的野外采集。另外,在2017年6月随科考船对浒苔暴发海域的浒苔样本进行采集。采集范围在(33.5°—36.5°N, 120°—124°E)。结果表明,从低纬度到高纬度,浒苔F_v/F_m(光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量)值从0.65逐渐降低至0.3左右;YⅡ(光系统Ⅱ实时光化学量子产量)值也从最高0.5左右降低至最低0.1。此外,定生浒苔F_v/F_m值为0.6—0.8左右,明显高于漂浮浒苔; YⅡ值也有类似趋势。在孢子囊形成比例方面,定生浒苔约有5%藻体形成了孢子囊,而漂浮浒苔中孢子囊形成比例达到20%。数据表明,低纬度区域为浒苔来源地,浒苔生理活性良好,孢子囊形成比例低。随着浒苔往北漂移,其生理活性降低。并且,漂浮浒苔孢子囊形成比例显著性高于定生浒苔。本文认为,浒苔脱离来源区后,孢子囊的快速形成、成熟和孢子释放以及孢子的原位萌发是浒苔生物量激增的重要原因。

关键词：绿潮浒苔 fv/fm YII 孢子囊

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高温胁迫下欧洲云杉的表型变化和光合响应

高温胁迫下欧洲云杉的表型变化和光合响应

2023年中国植物园学术年会

作者：欧阳芳群孙猛刘浡洋邓军育崔夏张辉国家植物园北京市花卉园艺工程技术研究中心城乡生态环境北京实验室

以欧洲云杉5年生苗木为试验材料,设定45℃、40℃、35℃和常温25℃(对照)共4种温度处理6h,然后在室外恢复28d,观测其处理后和恢复期表型变化、针叶相对含水量和叶绿素荧光参数的变化,分析欧洲云杉对高温胁迫的表型变化和光合响应。35℃... 详细信息

以欧洲云杉5年生苗木为试验材料,设定45℃、40℃、35℃和常温25℃(对照)共4种温度处理6h,然后在室外恢复28d,观测其处理后和恢复期表型变化、针叶相对含水量和叶绿素荧光参数的变化,分析欧洲云杉对高温胁迫的表型变化和光合响应。35℃、40℃处理6h和恢复28d时,对欧洲云杉表型基本没有明显影响。尽管40℃处理后,fv/fm(0.60)显著低于对照,但是恢复28d时和对照无显著差异。而45℃处理6h后,欧洲云杉当年生枝针叶变黄;至恢复28d时,整株针叶变黄,且伴随针叶相对含水量显著降低(25%),未能恢复正常生长。其光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)也受到光损伤,光化学效率fv/fm处理后数据是0.04,恢复期是0.13,显著低于对照(约0.85)。本研究为气候变化下欧洲云杉种质保护与利用提供了重要参考。

关键词：欧洲云杉耐热针叶含水量光系统Ⅱ fv/fm

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干旱对白皮松幼苗针叶生理特性的影响

植物生理学报 2012年第2期48卷 189-196页

作者：王爱芳张钢郄亚旭向地英邸葆陈宗培河北农业大学林学院河北保定071001 河北农业大学园艺学院河北保定071001 河北农业大学现代科技学院河北保定071001

试验目的是研究栽植前和栽植后干旱致使白皮松(Pinus bungeana Zucc.)针叶的生理特性的改变,了解白皮松造林前后能够适应的干旱范围,为白皮松科学造林提供理论依据。试验中模拟白皮松容器苗造林前后可能遇到的干旱胁迫,研究栽植前容器... 详细信息

试验目的是研究栽植前和栽植后干旱致使白皮松(Pinus bungeana Zucc.)针叶的生理特性的改变,了解白皮松造林前后能够适应的干旱范围,为白皮松科学造林提供理论依据。试验中模拟白皮松容器苗造林前后可能遇到的干旱胁迫,研究栽植前容器苗分别为B1:75%～80%(正常浇水)、B2:55%～60%(轻度干旱)、B3:35%～40%(严重干旱)和栽植后土壤相对含水量分别为A1:75%～80%、A2:55%～60%、A3:35%～40%、A4:15%～20%(极严重干旱)对白皮松针叶的生理指标的影响。结果表明:栽植前白皮松容器苗经B3处理后,针叶电解质渗透率增加,叶绿素含量和PSII最大光化学效率(fv/fm)显著降低,表明针叶受到一定伤害。栽植后如果正常浇水,这些影响将消除,如果遭遇栽植后干旱,B3处理的受害程度不比B1和B2处理深。栽植后白皮松经A3和A4处理4周后,针叶的电解质渗透率增加,fv/fm降低,表明白皮松针叶受到伤害。白皮松容器苗造林在栽植前遭到适当干旱胁迫时不会影响造林后的表现。但应避免栽植后初期4周以上严重干旱胁迫。

关键词：干旱胁迫白皮松 fv/fm 电解质渗透率叶绿素含量