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Challenges and countermeasures for developing countries in addressing loss and damage caused by climate change

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 353-363页

作者： Shuo LIU Yu-E LI Bin WANG An-Dong CAI Chao FENG Hua LAN Ruo-Chen ZHAO Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China China Clean Development mechanism Fund Management Center Beijing 100045China School of International Law China University of Political Science and LawBeijing 100088China

Loss and damage caused by extreme climate events have attracted increasing *** 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(hereinafter referred to as the Convention)has agreed to adopt Loss and Damage Fund agreement,which identified the source of funding and the funds to be entrusted to the World ***,there is still ambiguous that how to allocate the funds could accelerate the effectiveness of meeting the needs for developing ***-disaster prevention and preparedness is one of the most effective measures to deal with loss and damage,which closely related to *** studies rarely analyzed quantitatively the financial needs of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness relating to adaptation to reduce loss and *** on the official reports submitted by countries under the Convention,this study analyzes the annual change in the total financial support provided by developed countries to developing countries,the proportion of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness in the adaptation needs of developing countries,and the progress in raising the current annual funding target of 100 billion USD for developed countries,to reveal the financial and technical challenges facing by developing countries on addressing loss and *** results show that by 2030,the total adaptation financial needs of developing countries are estimated to be about 3.8 trillion USD,of which pre-disaster prevention matters account for about 9%.Therefore,by 2030,developing countries will need about 342 billion USD in pre-disaster prevention and preparedness finance to withstand loss and *** addition,developing countries face a lack of technical methods to quantify information about their *** on the above analysis,this study puts forward countermeasures and suggestions,including strengthening the allocation amount of loss and damage fund on pre-disaster warning,prevention and control actions,and

关键词： Loss and damage funding mechanism Pre-disaster warning and preparedness Convention negotiations Countermeasures

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美国的艺术资助机制及对我国艺术发展的启示

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造型艺术 2015年第5期

作者：冯涛岳晓英

来自社会公益组织或个人的无偿资助是推动20世纪以来西方艺术发展的重要力量。安迪·沃霍尔视觉艺术基金会自1987年成立以来，始终致力于对美国视觉艺术发展和研究的扶持。他们对艺术的资助涉及艺术活动、艺术研究、艺术机构以及艺术家... 详细信息

来自社会公益组织或个人的无偿资助是推动20世纪以来西方艺术发展的重要力量。安迪·沃霍尔视觉艺术基金会自1987年成立以来，始终致力于对美国视觉艺术发展和研究的扶持。他们对艺术的资助涉及艺术活动、艺术研究、艺术机构以及艺术家的资助等许多方面，他们专业化、高效率、全方位、多层次的资助体系对美国视觉艺术的发展做出了重大贡献。美国的艺术资助机制对我国正在发展的艺术资助事业有着极大的借鉴意义。

关键词：美国艺术资助资助机制安迪·沃霍尔基金会启示 American arts funding funding mechanism the Andy Warhol Foundation enlightenment

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