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An experimental study on the effects of friction modifiers on wheel-rail dynamic interactions with various angles of attack

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第3期30卷 360-382页

作者： Zhen Yang Pan Zhang Jan Moraal Zili Li Section of Railway Engineering Delft University of TechnologyStevinweg 12628 CN DelftThe Netherlands

By modifying friction to the desired level,the application of friction modifiers(FMs)has been considered as a promising emerging tool in the railway engineering for increasing braking/traction force in poor adhesion conditions and mitigating wheel/rail interface deterioration,energy consumption,vibration and *** the effectiveness of FMs in wheel–rail dynamic interactions is crucial to their proper applications in practice,which has,however,not been well *** study experimentally investigates the effects of two types of top-of-rail FM,***-A and FM-B,and their application dosages on wheel–rail dynamic interactions with a range of angles of attack(AoAs)using an innovative well-controlled V-track test *** tested FMs have been used to provide intermediate friction for wear and noise *** effectiveness of the FMs is assessed in terms of the wheel–rail adhesion characteristics and friction rolling induced axle box acceleration(ABA).This study provides the following new insights into the study of FM:the applications of the tested FMs can both reduce the wheel–rail adhesion level and change the negative friction characteristic to positive;stick–slip can be generated in the V-Track and eliminated by FM-A but intensified by FM-B,depending on the dosage of the FMs applied;the negative friction characteristic is not a must for stick–slip;the increase in ABA with AoA is insignificant until stick–slip occurs and the ABA can thus be influenced by the applications of FM.

关键词： friction modifier V-track test rig Adhesion Wheel–rail dynamic interaction Angle of attack Axle box acceleration

Nanomaterials for lubricating oil application:A review

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friction 2023年第5期11卷 647-684页

作者： Linlin DUAN Jian LI Haitao DUAN State Key Laboratory of Special Surface Protection Materials and Application Technology Wuhan Research Institute of Materials ProtectionWuhan 430030China

friction and wear are ubiquitous,from nano-electro-mechanical systems in biomedicine to large-scale integrated electric propulsion in aircraft *** of nanomaterials as lubricating oil additives have achieved great advances,which are of great significance to control friction and *** review focuses on the applications of nanomaterials in lubricating oil and comprehensively compares their tribological characteristics as lubricating oil *** analysis of tribology data is provided and discussed accordingly;moreover,the interaction between nanomaterials and sliding surface,lubricating oil,other additives,and synergistic lubrication in nanocomposites are systematically ***,suggestions for future research on nanomaterials as lubricating oil additives are ***,this review will promote a better fundamental understanding of nanomaterials for lubricating oil application and help to achieve the superior design of nanoadditives with outstanding tribological performances.

关键词： nanomaterial additive friction modifier lubrication wear

A Fuel Economy Study in Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Lubricants

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润滑油 2011年第4期26卷 12-19页

作者： Hiroshi Watanabe Wim van Dam Gary Parsons Peter Kleijwegt Chevron Japan LTD ShizuokaJapan Chevron Oronite LLC RichmondCAUSA Chevron Oronite Technology b.v Rotterdam Netherland

Internal combustion engines′ fuel economy is an important role for engine designers,engine manufacturers over the past 30 years,especially passenger car motor *** heavy duty diesel engine,over the past 20 years,fuel economy has in some cases been sacrificed for exhaust gas emission ***,Heavy Duty Automotive and the related industries have strong interest in fuel economy and the *** is driven by competitive market forces as well as government mandates and new emission *** was the first country in the world to establish and implement heavy duty trucks and buses fuel economy *** countries also have followed either by establishing direct fuel economy standards or greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions standards which are directly tied to fuel *** paper is discussing that heavy duty diesel engine lubricants can contribute on fuel *** contribution of various aspects of engine oil formulations on fuel economy will be discussed such as lubricant viscosity grade,lubricant additives and friction *** this paper,the evaluation discussions are based on fuel economy measurements in some bench tests,standardized laboratory engine tests and field tests.

关键词： diesel fuel economy friction modifier viscosity friction coefficient heavy duty diesel engine greenhouse gas(GHG) lubricant additive

Study and Development of a Screener Test for Fuel Economy Passenger Car Motor Oil

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润滑油 2012年第3期27卷 59-64页

作者： Hiroshi Watanabe Nobuo Ushioda Yasuhiro Ogasawara Chevron Japan Ltd. Technology Center

Fuel economy regulations have been issued in many countries to save energy,and it is one of the most essential performance requirements for Passenger Car Motor Oil(PCMO) this *** performance is also important to reduce green house gas(GHG) ***,Oil and Additive industries have been developing fuel economy tests in fired engine for *** ASTM 5 Car test was started in 1982 and ASTM Sequence Ⅵ series test was also developed by the industries as one of fuel economy tests after the 5 Car ***,the fired engine(combustion) test condition is more complicated and the combustion mode in engine introduce high variability into a fuel economy *** by bench testing is complicated by the difficulty to reproduce friction conditions of all of engine *** on the background,a motored engine friction torque test(MEFT) was developed as one of the solutions for fuel economy screening *** a newly developed MEFT,key additive chemistries were evaluated and compared in the test,and it distinguished the differences in additive chemistries,in addition to those in viscosity and friction *** Sequence Ⅵ-D FEI 1(Seq.Ⅵ-D FEI 1) and chassis dynamometer vehicle tests were also conducted in this study,and the test data has shown an excellent correlation among MEFT,Seq.Ⅵ-D FEI 1 and chassis dynamometer vehicle tests.

关键词： screener test fuel economy viscosity friction modifier lubricant additive

A Multifunctional Borate Ester/Amide for Engine Oils

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润滑油 2010年第2期25卷 25-29页

作者： Carl Esche Glenn Mazzamaro Steven Donnelly R.T.Vanderbilt Company Inc.

Global economic and pollution concerns are having a major impact on how modern engine oils are being *** engine oil specifications mandate reduced levels of phosphorus and sulfur to protect the efficacy of pollution control *** addition,modern engine oil must also be more fuel efficient than earlier generations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the impact of high priced gasoline and diesel fuel to the *** the same time,oxidation,wear,and corrosion performance of the oil must not be *** additives are useful formulation tools that help formulators meet these tough new *** such additive is the organo-borate ester/*** conceived as an organic friction modifier,this patented technology is really a multifunctional additive that addresses the global economic and pollution *** the addition of boron,this unique commercial organic friction modifier also imparts antioxidancy,antiwear and anticorrosion properties to engine *** addition,the organo-borate ester/amide is compatible with pollution control devices because it does not contain sulfur or *** is on going to uncover additional beneficial properties of this chemistry.

关键词： borate ester friction modifier antioxidant antiwear engine oil