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A direct position determination method with combined TDOA and FDOA based on particle filter

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第1期31卷 161-168页

作者： Zhiyu LU Bin BA Jianhui WANG Wenchao LI Daming WANG China National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Cente Zhengzhou 450000 China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center Jiuquan 735000 China

The localization of a stationary transmitter using moving receivers is considered. The original Direct Position Determination （DPD） methods, with combined Time difference of arrival （TDOA） and frequency difference of arrival （FDOA）, do not perform well under low Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR）, and worse still, the computation cost is difficult to accept when the computational capabilities are limited. To get better positioning performance, we present a new DPD algorithm that proves to be more computationally efficient and more precise for weak signals than the conventional approach. The algorithm partitions the signal received with the same receiver into multiple non-overlapping short-time signal segments, and then uses the TDOA, the FDOA and the coherency among the short-time signals to locate the target. The fast maximum likelihood estimation, one iterative method based on particle filter, is designed to solve the problem of high computation load. A secondary but important result is a derivation of closed-form expressions of the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound （CRLB）. The simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper outperforms the traditional DPD algorithms with more accurate results and higher computational efficiency, and especially at low SNR, it is more close to the CRLB.

关键词： Direct position determination Cramer-Rao lower bound frequency difference of arrival Time difference of arrival Particle filter

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维普期刊数据库

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Joint TDOA, FDOA and differential Doppler rate estimation： Method and its performance analysis

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第1期31卷 137-147页

作者： Dexiu HU Zhen HUANG Shangyu ZHANG Jianhua LU Space Technology Research Center Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Zhengzhou Information Technology Institute Zhengzhou 450002 China

Considering the estimation accuracy reduction of frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） caused by relative Doppler companding, a joint Time difference of arrival （TDOA）, FDOA and differential Doppler rate estimation method is proposed and its Cramer-Rao low bound is derived in this paper. Firstly, second-order ambiguity function is utilized to reduce the dimensionality and estimate initial TDOA and differential Doppler rate. Secondly, the TDOA estimation is updated and FDOA is obtained using cross ambiguity function, in which relative Doppler com- panding is compensated by the existing differential Doppler rate. Thirdly, differential Doppler rate estimation is updated using cross estimator. Theoretical analysis on estimation variance and Cramer-Rao low bound shows that the final estimation of TDOA, FDOA and differential Doppler rate performs well at both low and high signal-noise ratio, although the initial estimation accuracy of TDOA and differential Doppler rate is relatively poor under low signal-noise ratio conditions. Simulation results finally verify the theoretical analysis and show that the proposed method can overcome relative Doppler companding problem and performs well for all TDOA, FDOA and differential Doppler rate estimation.

关键词： Differential Doppler rate frequency difference of arrival Passive location Performance analysis Time difference of arrival

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维普期刊数据库

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An Efficient Algebraic Solution for Moving Source Localization from Quadruple Hybrid Measurements

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第2期31卷 255-265页

作者： DING Ting ZHAO Yongsheng ZHAO Yongjun Henan High-Speed Railway Operation and Technological Research Center PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University

This paper deals with the 3-D moving source localization using time difference of arrival(TDOA), frequency difference of arrival(FDOA), angle of arrival(AOA) and AOA rate measurements, gathered from a set of spatially distributed receivers. The TDOA,FDOA, AOA and AOA rate measurement equations were firstly established according to the space geometric relationship of the source relative to the receivers. Then an efficient closed-form algorithm for source position and velocity estimation from the quadruple hybrid measurements was proposed. The proposed algorithm converts the nonlinear measurement equations into a linear set of equations, which can then be used to estimate the source position and velocity applying weighted least square(WLS) minimization. In contrast to existing two-stage WLS algorithms, the proposed algorithm does not introduce any nuisance parameters and requires merely onestage, which enables for source localization with the fewest receivers necessary. Theoretical accuracy analysis shows that the proposed algorithm reaches the CramerRao lower bound, and simulation studies corroborate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms.

关键词： algebraic solution AOA rate measurement equations position measurement velocity estimation angle of arrival spatially distributed receivers Cramer-Rao lower bound source separation least squares approximations closed-form algorithm time difference of arrival two-stage WLS algorithms quadruple hybrid measurements time-of-arrival estimation source position weighted least square minimization frequency difference of arrival TDOA nonlinear measurement equations 3D moving source localization minimisation velocity measurement space geometric relationship direction-of-arrival estimation

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A Linear-correction Least-squares Approach for Geolocation Using FDOA Measurements Only

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2012年第5期25卷 709-714页

作者： LI Jinzhou GUO Fucheng JIANG Wenli School of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

A linear-correction least-squares（LCLS） estimation procedure is proposed for geolocation using frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） measurements only. We first analyze the measurements of FDOA, and further derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） of geoloeation using FDOA measurements. For the localization model is a nonlinear least squares（LS） estimator with a nonlinear constrained, a linearizing method is used to convert the model to a linear least squares estimator with a nonlinear con- strained. The Gauss-Newton iteration method is developed to conquer the source localization problem. From the analysis of solving Lagrange multiplier, the algorithm is a generalization of linear-correction least squares estimation procedure under the condition of geolocation using FDOA measurements only. The algorithm is compared with common least squares estimation. Comparisons of their estimation accuracy and the CRLB are made, and the proposed method attains the CRLB. Simulation re- sults are included to corroborate the theoretical development.

关键词： signal processing frequency difference of arrival Cramer-Rao lower bound linear-correction least-squares Gauss-Newton iteration method Lagrange multiplier

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