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freedom

词刊 2011年第11期 40-40页

作者：廖莹如

Design and Analysis of a Magnetic Bearings with Three Degrees of freedom

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第1期32卷 142-151页

作者： Ye Yuan Yukun Sun Qianwen Xiang School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University College of Electrical Engineering Nanjing Institute of Technology

The current research of supporting and transmission system in flywheel energy storage system(FESS) focuses on the low consumption design. However, friction loss is a non-negligible factor in the high-speed but lightweight FESS energy and momentum storage with mechanical-type supporting system. In order to realize the support system without mechanical loss and to maximize the e ciency of the flywheel battery, a permanent magnet biased magnetic bearings(PMBMB) is applied to the FESS with the advantages of low loss, high critical speed, flexible controllability and compact structure. In this frame, the relevant research of three degrees of freedom(3-DOF) PMBMB for a new type FESS is carried out around the working principle, structural composition, coupling characteristics analysis, mathematical model, and structural design. In order to verify the performance of the 3-DOF PMBMB, the radial force mathematical model and the coupling determination equations of radial two DOF are calculated according to an equivalent magnetic circuit, and radial–axial coupling is analyzed through finite element analysis. Moreover, a control system is presented to solve the control problems in practical applications. The rotor returns to the balanced position in 0.05 s and maintains stable suspension. The displacement fluctuation is approximately 40 μm in the y direction and 30 μm in the x direction. Test results indicate that the dynamic rotor of the proposed flywheel energy storage system with PMBMB has excellent characteristics, such as good start-of-suspension performance and stable suspension characteristics. The proposed research provides the instruction to design and control a low loss support system for FESS.

关键词： Flywheel energy storage system Magnetic bearings Degrees of freedom Coupling Finite element analysis

Complete N-Qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger States Analysis Assisted by Frequency Degree of freedom

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第11期61卷 683-688页

作者：曾志王纯李熙涵 Department of Physics Chongqing University

We present an efficient and simple protocol to unambiguously distinguish 2Nmutual orthogonal N-qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states in polarization degree of freedom assisted by the frequency one. This scheme is based on N single photon Bell state measurements, which can be implemented non-locally. The success probability is100% in principle and our scheme is feasible with current technology. All the advantages make our protocol meaningful and practical in quantum information processing.

关键词： hyperentanglement frequency degree of freedom single photon Bell state N-qubit GHZ states analysis

Experimental Study on Interaction Between Degrees of freedom in a Wave Buoy

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第6期18卷 1256-1264页

作者： HUANG Shuting SHI Hongda CAO Feifei TAN Junzhe CHENG Haixun LI Demin LIU Shangze GONG Haoxiang TAO Ji College of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Qingdao 266100China

Increasing degrees of freedom(DOFs)is a useful way to raise the power capture efficiency of oscillating wave energy ***,this study proposes a buoy with three DOFs,which are surge,heave,and *** hydrodynamic performance and power capture efficiency of the buoy is physically *** of unidirectional and coupled motions are compared to analyze the interaction effect between freedoms under conditions with and without power take-off *** capture width ratio and corresponding growth rates are also *** show that the buoy makes a periodic sinusoidal(or approximate)movement in every *** effect can cause an increase in the amplitude in one DOF and a decrease in the amplitudes of the *** phenomenon shows that the kinematic energy of the buoy redistributes to all DOFs compared with the unidirectional *** DOFs can improve the power absorption of the buoy in most cases,but the number of DOFs is not the more the better.

关键词： wave energy oscillating buoy multiple degrees of freedom

Research on common issues for relationship between mechanism degree of freedom,driving link and executive link

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 966-974页

作者： WANG AiLun College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China Key Laboratory of Modern Complex Equipment Design and Extreme Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Central South University Changsha China Key Laboratory of Modern Complex Equipment Design and Extreme Manufacturing Ministry of Education Changsha China

During engineering practice and theoretical research, the mechanism degree of freedom is sometimes unequal to the number of the driving link, which is unable to be explained according to the classic theory of the mechanism degree of freedom. To solve this problem, the duality description for operating laws of mechanism is introduced based on the concepts of duality. The Junction-Structure Equation is established for the port descriptions of general ideal mechanism and the functional description for the mechanism degree of freedom is described by utilization of bond graph theory. The force-transfer de- gree of freedom, i.e. the antithesis concept of movement-transfer degree of freedom, is introduced and defined based on the analysis of energy transfer as well as the analysis of signal causality. By utiliza- tion of structural description, functional description and duality description for the equation of degree of freedom, the relationship between the movement-transfer degree of freedom and force-transfer de- gree of freedom is further explored and analyzed. Thus, the relationship between the mechanism de- gree of freedom upon the driving link and the executive link is described generally. Finally, some typical relationships between the mechanism degree of freedom, the driving link and the executive link are analyzed.

关键词： duality bond graph Junction-Structure Equation driving link executive link degree of freedom

Perspective on multiple degrees of freedom in crystal materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 2787-2789页

作者： SHI GuoQiang XUE DongFeng Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Center Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China

Degrees of freedom describe the freedom of variables or values to vary within a specific material *** on functional crystalline materials generally involves their preparation and growth to large-sized crystals,as well as the exploration of structure-property relationships[1,2].With the continuous research on the applications of functional crystalline materials in quantum science and technology.

关键词： crystalline sized freedom

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freedom of Indifference: Its Metaphysical Credentials According to Crusius

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2019年第3期12卷 385-405页

作者： Sonja Schierbaum Philosophisches Seminar Universitat Hamburg Uberseering 35#4 Postfach 22297 Hamburg Germany

In the history of philosophy, voluntarists-that is, philosophers committed to some version of the freedom of indifference-have worried about its metaphysical credentials, but only a few, at least to my knowledge, have attempted to argue for more than its mere existence. freedom of indifference is the option to choose between opposites in a given situation. In this paper, I present the ambitious attempt of the German pre-Kantian philosopher Christian August Crusius (1715-1775) to argue for the claim that we have freedom of indifference as a matter of hypothetical necessity. The point is that, in his view, there can be no actual world without freedom of indifference. This is not a logical but a metaphysical truth. I argue that a possible (motivational) reason for CrusiusJs choice to tread this slippery path is that he attempts to bestow some metaphysical dignity on the freedom of indifference. As a consequence, this metaphysical value of freedom of indifference shapes the relation between the divine and free, rational agents in a way that is completely different from a rationalist’s conception such as Leibniz’s. In this paper, I give a plausible interpretation of a metaphysical argument that has been neglected in the relevant literature.

关键词： freedom of indifference Voluntarism Hypothetical necessity Crusius Leibniz

freedom in Welfare Economics

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2016年第1期11卷 104-122页

作者： Yongsheng Xu Department of Economics Andrew Young School of Policy Studies Georgia State UniversityAtlanta GA 30303 USA

This paper discusses the recent economics literature on ranking opportu- nity sets in terms of freedom. It focuses on （i） the intuitive significance of freedom in assessing economic and public policies, （ii） the measurement of freedom offered by various opportunity sets, and （iii） the conception of opportunity set in a world of interdependence among individuals. This paper also points out some open issues and problems that deserve further investigations.

关键词： freedom preference utility measurement of freedom

AI and freedom for evolution in energy science

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Energy and AI 2020年第1期1卷 131-132页

作者： Adrian Bejan Duke University DurhamNCUnited States

Artifacts such as AI,written language,science and technology are ob-jects(devices,processes,methods)that,when added to the homo sapi-ens,enhance the effect of human *** we are a“human and machine species”that is mon... 详细信息

关键词： such freedom AI