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Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第6期15卷 842-866页

作者： Hongze Zhang Xunjia Cheng Department of Medical Microbiology Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and HealthSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Among various genera of free-living amoebae prevalent in nature,some members are identified as causative agents of human encephalitis,in which Naegleria fowleri followed by Acanthamoeba *** Balamuthia mandrillaris have been successively *** the three dominant genera responsible for infections,Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia work as opportunistic pathogens of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals,whereas Naegleria induces primary amoebic meningoencephalitis mostly in healthy children and young adults as a more violent and deadly *** to the lack of typical symptoms and laboratory findings,all these amoebic encephalitic diseases are difficult to *** that subsequent therapies are also affected,all these brain infections cause significant mortality worldwide,with more than 90%of the cases being *** with global warming and population explosion,expanding areas of human and amoebae activity in some regions lead to increased contact,resulting in more serious infections and drawing increased public *** this review,we summarize the present information of these pathogenic free-living amoebae,including their phylogeny,classification,biology,and *** mechanisms of pathogenesis,immunology,pathophysiology,clinical manifestations,epidemiology,diagnosis,and therapies are also discussed.

关键词： free-living amoebae central nervous system infection primary amoebic meningoencephalitis granulomatous amoebic encephalitis

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Postoperative infection caused bymisdiagnosed as a free-living amoeba species in a humeral head hemiarthroplasty patient: a case report

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贫困所致传染病（英文） 2018年第2期 65-73页

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is ubiquitous, facultative intracellular, and opportunistic bacterial pathogen. Its unique abilities allow it to survive in a diverse range of environments, including health care settings, leading to nosocomial infections. And its exceptional ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics leaves few drug options for treatment. It has been recognized as a leading cause of nosocomial pneumonia and bacteremia over the *** presentation: In this case, a 73-year-old woman presented with a Neer Group VI proximal humeral fracture. Six hours after a successfully performed hemiarthroplasty, she developed continuous fever. Clinical examination revealed that the vitals were regular. Laboratory and radiographic examinations revealed only elevated procalcitonin levels. Blood culture revealed no bacterial or fungal growth. Cooling treatment and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy showed no apparent ***: We report a postoperative infection caused byAcinetobacter baumannii. The infectious pathogen was identified via molecular DNA sequencing and was initially misidentified as a free-living amoeba species upon microscopic examinations. The patient was mistreated with antiamebic combination therapy. Her symptoms persisted for over 4 months and were eventually followed by her death.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii free-living amoebae Hemiarthroplasty Case report

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Postoperative infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii misdiagnosed as a free-living amoeba species in a humeral head hemiarthroplasty patient:a case report

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 335-343页

作者： Jiaxin Tang Huaimin Zhu Li Cai Tingting Tang Jian Tang Yuehua Sun Ming Liu Kerong Dai Zhiguang Qiao Chao Yu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Shanghai 200336China Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200125China Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation Ministry of EducationShanghai 200030China

Background:Acinetobacter baumannii is ubiquitous,facultative intracellular,and opportunistic bacterial *** unique abilities allow it to survive in a diverse range of environments,including health care settings,leading to nosocomial *** its exceptional ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics leaves few drug options for *** has been recognized as a leading cause of nosocomial pneumonia and bacteremia over the *** presentation:In this case,a 73-year-old woman presented with a Neer Group VI proximal humeral *** hours after a successfully performed hemiarthroplasty,she developed continuous *** examination revealed that the vitals were *** and radiographic examinations revealed only elevated procalcitonin *** culture revealed no bacterial or fungal *** treatment and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy showed no apparent ***:We report a postoperative infection caused by Acinetobacter *** infectious pathogen was identified via molecular DNA sequencing and was initially misidentified as a free-living amoeba species upon microscopic *** patient was mistreated with antiamebic combination *** symptoms persisted for over 4 months and were eventually followed by her death.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii free-living amoebae Hemiarthroplasty Case report

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