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Numerical simulation of formaldehyde distribution characteristics in the high-speed train cabin

Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 285-300页

作者： Fan Wu Hang Dong Chao Yu Hengkui Li Qingmin Cui Renze Xu Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of EducationSchool of Traffic&Transportation EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410075China Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technologies for Rail Traffic Safety ChangshaHunan410075China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle ChangshaHunan410075China School of Software Henan University of EngineeringZhengzhouHenan451191China

The global concern over indoor air pollution in public vehicles has grown *** a focus on enhancing passengers’comfort and health,this study endeavors to investigate the distribution characteristics of formaldehyde within a high-speed train cabin by employing a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model which is experimentally validated in a real cabin *** research focuses on analyzing the impact of air supply modes,temperature,relative humidity,and fresh air change rate on the distribution and concentration of *** results demonstrate that the difference in average formaldehyde concentration between the two air supply modes is below 1.3%,but the top air supply mode leads to a higher accumulation of formaldehyde near the sidewalls,while the bottom air supply mode promotes a more uniform distribution of ***,the temperature,relative humidity,and fresh air change rate are the primary factors affecting formaldehyde concentration levels,but they have modest effects on formaldehyde’s distribution pattern within the *** the temperature and relative humidity increase,the changes in formaldehyde concentrations in response to variations in these factors become more ***,the formaldehyde concentration may surpass the standard limit of 0.10 mg/m^(3)if the fresh air change rate falls below 212 m^(3)/*** research provides a systematic approach and referenceable results for exploring formaldehyde pollution in high-speed train cabins.

关键词： indoor air pollution formaldehyde CFD simulation high-speed train ventilation

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Effect of Humidity on formaldehyde Oxidation over Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(y)Catalyst

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1108-1115页

作者： TANG Ruijiu YANG Zonglin LIU Xiang JIA Lijuan WANG Fang DUAN Kaijiao LIU Tiancheng College of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu UniversityTechnology Innovation Team of Green Purification Technology for Industrial Waste GasEducation Department of YunnanKey Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials of Yunnan Province Education DepartmentKunming 650504China

In the preparation of a series of Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(y)catalysts catalyzing the removal of formaldehyde,BET,H2-TPR,IR,SEM,XPS,and XRD were used to characterize the catalyst,and the influence of humidity on the catalyst activity was studied by adjusting the humidity during the *** experimental results showed that the formaldehyde removal rate increased with the increase of *** the humidity was higher than 50%,the formaldehyde removal rate decreased by 3%over that when the humidity was 50%.The characterization results showed that humidity facilitated the activation of oxygen and the formation of hydroxyl groups,which both promoted the formation and oxidative decomposition of intermediates and prevented the deposition of intermediates that clogged the pores,allowing more formaldehyde to be adsorbed and oxidized,which increased the activity of the *** provides new mechanistic evidence for the oxidation of formaldehyde and helps in the development of relatively low-cost materials for formaldehyde purification.

关键词： formaldehyde humidity Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(y) catalytic oxidation

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Growth of Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites on nickel foam to enhance photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde under visible light

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 432-442页

作者： Ze Wang Zhi Huang Jiang Yu Xiao Shao Weidong Peng Jie Yu Yinying Jiang Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of New Energy and Low Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Agriculture and Environment University of Western AustraliaPerth 6907Western AustraliaAustralia Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology Sichuan UniversityYibin 644000China

formaldehyde is a pollutant that significantly affects the indoor air ***,conventional remediation approaches can be challenging to deal with low-concentration formaldehyde in an indoor *** this study,Photocatalysts of Ag/graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))/Ni with 3D reticulated coral structure were prepared by thermal polymerization and liquid phase photo-deposition,using nickel foam(NF)as the *** demonstrated that when the Ag concentration was 3%,and the relative humidity was 60%,the Ni/Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)showed the maximum degradation rate of formaldehyde at 90.19%under visible light irradiation,and the formaldehyde concentration after degradation was lower than the Hygienic standard stated by the Chinese *** porous structure of Ni/Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)and the formation of Schottky junctions promoted the Adsorption efficiency and degradation of formaldehyde,while the nickel foam carrier effectively promoted the desorption of degradation ***,the degradation rate was only reduced by3.4%after 16 recycles,the three-dimensional porous structure extended the lifetime of the *** study provides a new strategy for the degradation of indoor formaldehyde at low concentrations.

关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)) Nickel foam(NF) Ag formaldehyde Photocatalysis

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Regulating the electronic structure of Ir single atoms by ZrO_(2)nanoparticles for enhanced catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 200-205页

作者： Shiqi Peng Yongfang Rao Tan Li Yufei Zhang Jun-ji Cao Shuncheng Lee Yu Huang Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry&Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG)Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Xi’an 710061China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 51006China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Developing low-loading single-atom catalysts with superior catalytic activity and selectivity in formaldehyde(HCHO)oxidation at room temperature remains ***,ZrO_(2)nanoparticles coupled low-loading Ir single atoms in N-doped carbon(Ir_(1)-N-C/ZrO_(2))was *** optimal Ir_(1)-N-C/ZrO_(2)with 0.25 wt%Ir loading delivers the high HCHO removal and conversion efficiency(>95%)at 20℃,which is higher than that over Ir_(1)-N-C with the same Ir *** specific rate can reach 1285.6 mmol gIr^(-1)h^(-1),surpassing the Ir based catalysts reported to *** functional theory calculation results and electron spin resonance spectra indicate that the introduction of Zr O_(2)nanoparticles modulate the electronic structure of the Ir single atoms,promoting O_(2)activation to·O_(2)^(–).Moreover,the Ir-C-Zr channel is favorable for the dissociation of·O_(2)^(–)to active oxygen atom(*O),and further accelerates the transformation of HCHO and intermediates(dioxymethylene and formates)to CO_(2)and H_(2)*** work provides a facile strategy to design low-loading single-atom catalysts with high catalytic activity toward HCHO oxidation.

关键词： ZrO_(2)nanoparticles Ir single atoms Electronic structure formaldehyde Catalytic oxidation

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High-sensitivity formaldehyde gas sensor based on Ce-doped urchin-like SnO_(2) nanowires derived from calcination of Sn-MOFs

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第1期18卷 29-43页

作者： Wei Xiao Wei Yang Shantang Liu Hubei Key Lab of Novel Reactor&Green Chemical Technology School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research Department of ChemistrySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted widespread attention due to their regular structures,multiple material centers,and various *** are always considered as one kind of ideal templates for developing highly sensitive and selective gas *** this study,the advantages of MOFs with the high specific surface area(71.9891 m^(2)·g^(-1))and uniform morphology were fully utilized,and urchin-like SnO_(2) nanowires were obtained by the hydrothermal method followed by the calcination using Sn-MOFs consisting of the ligand of C_(9)H_(6)O_(6)(H_(3)BTC)and Sn/Ce center ions as sacrificial *** unique urchin-like nanowire structure facilitated gas diffusion and adsorption,resulting in superior gas sensitivity.A series of Ce-doped SnO_(2) nanowires with different doping ratios were synthesized,and their gas sensing properties towards formaldehyde were *** resulted Ce-SnO_(2) was revealed to have high sensitivity(201.2 at 250℃),rapid response(4 s),long-term stability,and good repeatability for formaldehyde sensing,and the gas sensing mechanism of Ce-SnO_(2) exposed to formaldehyde was also systematically discussed.

关键词： Ce-SnO_(2) SnO_(2) gas sensor formaldehyde Sn-MOF

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Indoor formaldehyde Removal Techniques through Paints: Review

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Prajyot Dhawale Ravindra V. Gadhave Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

Due to its ability to cause illnesses and discomfort even at low concentrations, formaldehyde pollution of indoor air poses a significant risk to human health. Sources of formaldehyde in indoor environments include textiles, paints, wallpapers, glues, adhesives, varnishes, and lacquers;furniture and wooden products like particleboard, plywood, and medium-density fiberboard that contain formaldehyde-based resins;shoe products;cosmetics;electronic devices;and other consumer goods like paper products and insecticides. According to the World Health Organisation, indoor formaldehyde concentrations shouldn’t exceed 0.1 mg/m3. The methods include membrane separation, plasma, photocatalytic decomposition, physisorption, chemisorption, biological and botanical filtration, and catalytic oxidation. Materials based on metal oxides and supported noble metals work as oxidation catalysts. Consequently, a paint that passively eliminates aldehydes from buildings can be developed by adding absorbents and formaldehyde scavengers to the latex composition. It will be crucial to develop techniques for the careful detection and removal of formaldehyde in the future. Additionally, microbial decomposition is less expensive and produces fewer pollutants. The main goal of future research will be to develop a biological air quality control system that will boost the effectiveness of formaldehyde elimination. The various methods of removing formaldehyde through paints have been reviewed here, including the use of mixed metal oxides, formaldehyde-absorbing emulsions, nano titanium dioxide, catalytic oxidation, and aromatic formaldehyde abating materials that can improve indoor air quality.

关键词： formaldehyde Absorption Paints Catalytic Oxidation Nanofillers

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formaldehyde concentration and its influencing factors in residential homes after decoration at Hangzhou,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 908-915页

作者： Min Guo Xiaoqiang Pei Feifei Mo Jianlei Liu Xueyou Shen Department of Environmental Sciences Zhejiang University Zhejiang Taohuayuan Environmental Engineering Company Limited Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

Air pollution surveys of formaldehyde（HCHO） were conducted in 2324 rooms decorated within one year in 2007-2009 in Hangzhou,*** mean HCHO concentration（C HCHO） was 0.107 ± 0.095 mg/m 3,and 38.9% of samples exceeded the Chinese National Standard GB *** the past 3 years,the C HCHO decreased with time（p 〈 0.05）.Relationships of potential factors to indoor C HCHO were also evaluated.C HCHO was related to temperature（T）,relative humidity（RH）,time duration of the windows and doors being closed before sampling（DC）,time duration from the end of decoration to sampling（DR） and source characteristics（d）.A model to relate indoor C HCHO to these five factors（T,RH,DC,DR,d） was established based on 298 samples（R 2 = 0.87）.Various factors contributed to C HCHO in the following order：T,43.7%;d,31.0%;DC,10.2%;DR,8.0%;RH,7.0%;specifically,meteorological conditions（i.e.,RH plus T） accounted for 50.7%.The coefficient of T and RH,R TH,was proposed to describe their combined influence on HCHO emission,which also had a linear relationship（R 2 = 0.9387） with HCHO release in a simulation chamber *** addition,experiments confirm that it is a synergistic action as T and RH accelerate the release of HCHO,and that is a significant factor influencing indoor HCHO *** achievements could lead to reference values of measures for the efficient reduction of indoor HCHO pollution.

关键词： formaldehyde indoor air quality emission factor analysis temperature relative humidity

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formaldehyde degradation by UV/TiO_2/O_3 process using continuous flow mode

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第9期19卷 1136-1140页

作者： QI Hong SUN De-zhi CHI Guo-qing School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China.

The degradation of formaldehyde gas was studied using UV/TiO2/O3 process under the condition of continuous flow mode. The effects of humidity, initial formaldehyde concentration, residence time and ozone adding amount on degradation of formaldehyde gas were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the combination of ozonation with photocatalytic oxidation on the degradation of formaldehyde showed a synergetic action, e.g,, it could considerably increase decomposing of formaldehyde. The degradation efficiency of formaldehyde was between 73.6% and 79.4% while the initial concentration in the range of 1.84--24 mg/m^3 by O3/TiO2flJV process. The optimal humidity was about 50% in UV/TiO2/O3 processs and degradation of formaldehyde increases from 39.0% to 94.1% when the ozone content increased from 0 to 141 mg/m^3. Furthermore, the kinetics of formaldehyde degradation reaction could be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate constant k of 46.72 mg/（m^***） and Langmuir adsorption coefficient K of 0.0268 m^3/mg were obtained.

关键词： UV/TiO2/O3 process formaldehyde continuous flow mode

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formaldehyde intermediate participating in the conversion of methanol to aromatics over zinc modified H-ZSM-5

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 174-178页

作者： Youming Ni Wenliang Zhu Zhongmin Liu National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

Metal-modified H-ZSM-5 has a high selectivity of aromatics in methanol to aromatics(MTA)reaction,which is often attributed to the metal promoting the aromatization of intermediate ***,the effect of methanol dehydrogenation on aromatics formation over these catalysts is rarely ***,we report that HCHO,which is formed by methanol dehydrogenation over Zn/H-ZSM-5 prepared by Zn impregnation,can participate in the synthesis of *** conversion can produce more aromatics than olefins(propylene or ethylene)conversion over Zn/H-ZSM-5,indicating the conventional MTA pathway including methanol-to-olefins and olefins-to-aromatics is not ***,an MTA mechanism including the conventional pathway and the methanol and HCHO coupling pathway is systematically proposed.

关键词： Methanol formaldehyde Aromatics Zn H-ZSM-5

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formaldehyde vapour sensing property of electrospun NiO nanograins

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2021年第3期15卷 416-430页

作者： Roopa Kishore KAMPARA Sonia T. Balamurugan D. Jeyaprakash B.G. Functional Nanomaterials Lab/School of Electrical&Electronics Engineering SASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThanjavurTamil Nadu 613401India

Beads free polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/NiO nanofibers with an average diameter of 400 nm were successfully prepared through the electrospinning *** nanograins were formed along the axis of the nanofiber due to the calcination of asspun fibers for 24 h at 450℃ and their presence was confirmed by *** nanograins were characterized by XRD,XPS and *** characterization results showed the presence of NiO in nanograins and its polycrystalline nature with ionic *** sensing studies of NiO nanograins were performed towards the pulmonary disease breath markers and they showed better response towards formaldehyde vapour at 350℃.Calcined NiO grains showed a good response towards the 11-1145 ppm of formaldehyde vapour at the operating temperature of 350℃.NiO nanograins also showed quick response time(37 s)and recovery time(14 s)towards 46 ppm of formaldehyde.A sensing mechanism was proposed for the formaldehyde vapour interaction at 350℃ with NiO nanograins.

关键词： electrospinning nanofibers nanograins PVA vapour sensor NiO formaldehyde

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