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Quantifying the effect of persistent dryer climates on Forest productivity and implications for forest planning:a case study in northern Germany

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forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 451-471页

作者： Matthias Albert Ralf-Volker Nagel Johannes Sutmoller Matthias Schmidt Department of forest Growth Northwest German Forest Research Institute GottingenGermany Department of Environmental Control Northwest German Forest Research InstituteGottingenGermany.

Background: forest management decisions are based on expectations of future developments. For sound decisions it is essential to accurately predict the expected values in future developments and to account for their inherent uncertainty,for example the impact of climate change on forests. Changing climatic conditions affect Forest productivity and alter the risk profile of forests and forest enterprises. Intensifying drought stress is seen as one major risk factor threatening forest management in the north German lowlands. Drought stress reduces tree growth and vitality and might even trigger mortality. But so far, it is not possible to quantify effects of a persistent dryer climate on Forest productivity at a level suitable for forest management.Methods: We apply a well-established single-tree forest growth simulator to quantify the effect of persistent dryer climates on future Forest productivity. We analyse the growth of Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.), European beech(Fagus sylvatico L.) and oak(Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea(Matt.) Liebl.) in two forest regions in the north German lowlands for a time interval of 60 years until 2070. The growth response under three different climate projections is compared to a baseline scenario.Results: The results show clear differences in volume increment to persistent dryer climates between tree species. The findings exhibit regional differences and temporal trends. While mean annual increment at biological rotation age of Scots pine and oak predominantly benefits from the projected climate conditions until 2070, beech might suffer losses of up to 3 m^3·ha^(-1)yr^(-1) depending on climate scenario and region. However, in the projection period2051 to 2070 the uncertainty ranges comprise positive as well as negative climatic effects for all species.Conclusions: The projected changes in forest growth serve as quantitative contributions to provide decision support in the evaluation of, for example, species future site suitability and timber supply assessments. The analys

关键词： Climate change forest growth Forest productivity Persistent dryer climate simulation study Uncertainty

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Model development to estimate site index values for six major tree species in North Korea

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Journal of forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 387-400页

作者： Sohee Park A-Ram Yang Eun-hee Kim Joongbin Lim Division of Global forestry Department of Future Forest StrategyNational Institute of Forest ScienceSeoul 02455Republic of Korea forest ICT Research Center National Institute of Forest ScienceSeoul 02455Republic of Korea

Due to considerable deforestation in North Korea,there is a need to plan forest restoration programs based on scientific forest management.In this study,a methodology was developed for estimating the site index values of six major tree species and the Forest productivity potential.The site index values of these tree species were derived in South Korea using the Chapman-Richards equation.These values were used with data from the 6th National forest Inventory,which included 20 types of edaphic,topographic,and climatic factors,and random forest analysis—a widely used machine learning technique for spatial prediction—to develop a new model for estimating the site index values of these species across South Korea.The prediction accuracy of this model was evaluated using the root mean square error.The results show that the prediction accuracy was high,with a root mean square error of~1m.Moreover,the importance of the variables related to climate and geography was generally high.The proposed site index estimation model for six tree species was applied across North Korea,and its effectiveness tested by comparing the estimated values with those reported in literature from North Korea.The differences between the model outputs and recorded data in the northern alpine regions were presumably due to the lack of data for high-altitude regions in South Korea.This model is based on the determination of the suitability of tree species in restoration efforts.Therefore,it can contribute to the evaluation of Forest productivity in North Korea and may help plan efficient forest restoration programs.

关键词： Environmental factors Forest productivity Machine learning North Korea Random forest Site index

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Microbiome sustains forest ecosystem functions across hierarchical scales

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第1期2卷 24-31页

作者： Fengqiao Li Haiyun Zi Christian Sonne Xiaogang Li State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

forests are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen,through which it regulates climate and global change.forests are also spatially highly heterogeneous ecosystems that comprise a multitude of microbial-mediated reactive interfaces.These are mainly the root-soil interface,litter-soil interface,root-root interface,and plant-atmosphere interface.Each of these interfaces has its own unique characteristics,e.g.,specific drivers that affect the microbial abundance,nutrient availability,microbial community,and the dominance of certain microbial taxa.Here,we review the microbial-mediated reactive interfaces in forests,focusing on interrelation and dynamics of fungi and bacteria on a broad temporal scale with ecosystem processes ranging from short-term events(e.g.,seasonal changes)to long-term stand development suffering a global climate change(e.g.,global warming or nitrogen deposition).We argue that in-depth knowledge of forest microbiology can only be obtained by exploring the complex forest microbiome and its ecosystem functions.Underpinning the basis for individual forest variation would ultimately facilitate the formulation of microbiome-based strategies in the future.

关键词： Ecological function Forest productivity Interactive interface Litter decomposition Microbiome Nutrient cycling

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National forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany

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forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 50-68页

作者： Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Technische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Present address:Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Department of Ecosystem ServicesDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Present address:German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Silviculture and forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137077 GöttingenGermany Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137073 GöttingenGermany Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.479106 FreiburgGermany Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Biodiversity and Conservation Biology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Department of Soil EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 Halle(Saale)Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany forest Entomology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Terrestrial EcosystemsETH ZürichUniversitätstr 168092 ZürichSwitzerland Environmental Informatics University of MarburgDeutschhausstraße 1235032 MarburgGermany Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189069 UlmGermany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Geoecology University of TübingenRümelinstraße 19-2372070 TübingenGermany Present address:Department of Sustaina

Background:forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.***.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.***.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.***.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.***.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.***.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the

关键词： Ecosystem processes and services forest management Structural diversity Tree species composition Trade-offs and synergies Forest productivity

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Modeling height growth for teak plantations in Colombia using the reducible stochastic differential equation approach

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Journal of forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1035-1045页

作者： Sergio Orrego Cristian Montes Héctor IRestrepo Bronson PBullock Mauricio Zapata Departamento de Ciencias forestales Universidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellínCra 65 No 59A-110MedellínColombia Warnell School of forestry and Natural Resources University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Teak(Tectona grandis L.f.)plantations are increasingly being established in tropical regions to meet a rising demand for its highly valued timber.Teak plantations have been established in the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of Colombia,a region climatically suitable for teak growth by having a monsoon climate with a unimodal precipitation pattern.Tree diameter at breast height(DBH,1.3 m above ground)and mean top height,periodically measured over a 17-year period in 44 permanent sampling plots of size 0.06 and 0.10 ha,were used in this study.A stochastic differential equation(SDE),along with a Bertalanffy–Richards-type height growth model,was used to model and estimate top height growth of teak plantations in Colombia.Environmental noise and height measurement errors were explicitly considered as the main uncertainty sources of mean top height growth.The best model for estimating mean top height,based on statistical performance and biological rationale,had the asymptote defined as a local parameter and the growth rate and shape specified as global parameters.This model outperformed its counterpart that had the growth rate specified as a local parameter and asymptote and shape as global parameters.The selected model also outperformed alternative approaches such as the mixed-effects model,generalized algebraic difference approach,and the dummy variable method.Estimated trajectories for the mean top height of teak in Colombia are biologically sound based on the measured height series and previous studies in Latin America.Results suggest that most of the uncertainty associated with the mean top height growth of teak plantations in Colombia was largely explained by environmental noise.The best estimated model using the SDE approach can be useful for predicting height growth and evaluating site productivity of teak plantations in Colombia and in neighbouring countries with biophysical characteristics similar to those where teak has been planted in Colombia.

关键词： Mean top height Stochastic differential equation Forest productivity Timber production Timberland investment

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Romanian legal management rules limit wood production in Norway spruce and beech forests

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forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Olivier Bouriaud Gheorghe Marin Laura Bouriaud Dominik Hessenmoller Ernst-Detlef Schulze National forest Inventory National Research and Development Institute for Forestry INCDS Eroilor Bd. 128 Voluntari Romania University Stefan cel Mare Suceava RomaniaUniversitatii str.13Suceava 720229Romania. Department of Biogeochemical Processes Max Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryHans-Knoell-Str.10Jena 07745Germany

Background： The quantitative impact of forest management on forests＇ wood resource was evaluated for Picea and Fagus mixed forests. The effects on the productivity of tendering operations, thinnings and rotation length have seldom been directly quantified on landscape scale. Methods： Two sites of similar fertility but subject to contrasted forest management were studied with detailed inventories： one in Germany, the other in Romania, and compared with the respective national forest inventories. In Romania, regulations impose very long rotations, low thinnings and a period of no-cut before harvest. In contrast, tending and thinnings are frequent and intense in Germany. Harvests start much earlier and must avoid clear cutting but maintain a permanent forest cover with natural regeneration. While Germany has an average annual wood increment representative for Central Europe, Romania represents the average for Eastern Europe. Results： The lack of tending and thinning in the Romanian site resulted in twice as many trees per hectare as in the German site for the same age. The productivity in Romanian production forests was 20 % lower than in Germany despite a similar fertility. The results were supported by the data from the national forest inventory of each country, which confirmed that the same differential exists at country scale. Furthermore, provided the difference in rotation length, two crops are harvested in Germany when only one is harvested in Romania. The losses of production due to a lower level of management in Romania where estimated to reach 12.8 million m3.y-1 in regular mountain production forests, and to 15 million m3.y-1 if managed protection forest is included. Conclusions： The productivity of Picea and Fagus mountain forests in Romania is severely depressed by the lack of tending and thinning, by overly long rotations and the existence of a 25-years no-cut period prior to harvest. The average standing volume in Germany was 50 % lower than in Romania, but the higher harvesting rate resulted in more

关键词： forest management Forest productivity Legal rules Sylviculture forest Operations Wood resource

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