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Heavy mineral composition and texture of the recently formed fluvial delta sediment of Lake Nasser/Nubia,Egypt and Sudan

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 70-82页

作者： Omran E.Frihy Essam A.Deabes Abdelaleem A.budia Ahamed Adawi Coastal Research Institute National Water Research Center Nuclear Materials Authority

Surficial sediment samples collected from the recently formed fluvial delta in Lake Nasser/Nubia (Egypt and Sudan) in conjunction with data on bottom current and depth soundings are examined to interpret hydraulic-sorting processes and transport/depositional ***～500 km long northeastwardtrending lake,lies within Egypt and Sudan,is created as a result of the construction of the Aswan High Dam in *** original grain-size distribution and heavy mineral compositions of these samples help to characterize the classical depositional features of the recently formed underwater delta-front and prodelta *** from the south,those delta-front deposits,which floor most of the narrow-shallow basin of Lake Nubia,are characterized by thick coarse-grained sandy deposits,rich in heavy minerals (averaged 12.8%).This delta-front is followed to the northeast by thin layers of prodelta mud,poor in heavy mineral contents (averaged 0.6%).These layers cover the entire broad basin of Lake *** northeasterly downslope fining-trend,along with a continuous decrease in heavy mineral composition,along the length of the lake,are attributable to processes of grain sorting,which take place due to contrasting densities and grain *** processes lead to the concentration of heavy mineral placer,mostly in the delta-front *** sorting mechanism,in turn,is controlled by the interplay of unidirectional-directed northeastward current,physiographic characteristics of the lake,including topographic configuration,geometry (cross-section),and floor topography (slope gradient).In terms of mineral exploration,the highest proportion of mineral grades in the delta-front sediments is likely to be considered as a viable source for economic placers that require more planning initiatives for industrial and commercial evaluation.

关键词： Heavy mineral fluvial delta sediments delta-front Aswan high dam Hydraulic-sorting processes

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