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Prevalence of Brick Tea-type fluorosis in Children Aged 8–12 Years in Qinghai Province,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期34卷 334-336页

作者： LI Qiang ZHAO Zhi Jun Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Xining 811602QinghaiChina

fluorosis is a serious health problem,and an endemic disease in certain areas in China,India,and some countries in Africa[1].There are three types of fluorosis which includes drinking-water type fluorosis,coal-burning pollution type fluorosis,and brick tea-type fluorosis.Coal-burning pollution type fluorosis and brick tea-type fluorosis are found only in China's Mainland mainland.

关键词： mainland pollution fluorosis

Pathological evaluation of pancreatic exocrine glands in experimental fluorosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 36-40页

作者： Shashi Aggarwal Sharma N Bhardwaj M Department of Zoology Punjabi University

Objective:To monitor the pathological alterations in pancreas of rat during experimental fluorosis. Methods:Sixty Sprague Dawley albino rats of both sexes were divided into 12 experimental groups and one control group.The rats of control group were administered subcutaneously double distilled water 1 mL/kg bw daily.The experimental groups were injected with 30,45,and 75 mg NaF/kg bw/day.The experimental period was divided into 4 phases at interval of 15,22,30,and 36 days.Animals were sacrificed from each group at the end of 16,23,31,and 37 days.Results: The following changes were observed in this study:(1) Pathological examination of pancreas after 15 days of fluoride treatment revealed:hypertrophy of acini,leucocytes infilteration and pycnouc nuclei due to necrosis of acini in group 1;uremic alterations,invulsion and infoldings of reticular layer of islets of Langerhans in group 2;and a decrease in number of acini and interlobular connective tissues resulted in an increase in intercellular spaces in pancreas of rats in group 3.(2)Hyalinization and hypertrophy in the lobules of acini and hyperplasia and hypertrophy in intercalated duct with mucinous secretion in pancreas of rat of group 4;squamous metaplasia of pancreatic duct,adenoma of pancreas,hemorrhagic necrosis in group 5;and hyperplasia of acini and reduction in number of pancreatic islets in group 6.(3) Disorganization and atrophy of pancreatic lobules and presence of vacuoles in a group of six were visible in pancreas of rats in group 7;acute pancreatic and lamellated inflammatory cells in test rats of group 8;and islet adenoma and decrease in number of islets cells,and exudation in acini were noticed in experimental rats of group 9.(4) In the last phase of experimentation,atrophic alterations in pancreatic acini,invulsions,and necrosis was prominent in group 10,deep inflammation and proliferation of connective tissue of pancreas in experimental group 11,and periodical fibrosis, hyperplasia of acini,degenerative changes in pancreas of rats in group 12.Co

关键词： Acini Albino rat Exocrine gland Experimental fluorosis Pancreas Sodium fluoride

GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDEMIC fluorosis IN CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 1991年第4期1卷 34-46页

作者：陈国阶 Institute of Mountain Disasters and Environment Chinese academy of Sciences Chengdu 610015 PRC

Endemic fluorosis is given rise to by human intake of excess fluorine from environment by way of food chain. In China it is one of the extensively prevalent endemic diseases and its distribution shows clearly regional characteristics. In macroscopic sight, three large fluorosis zones may be divided: (1) The arid and semi-arid plains in the north of China. These regions have a dry climate, making fluorine accumulation in the Quaternary deposits. Thus, the drinking water with high content of fluorine is the main cause of the disease formation. (2) The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In the region, rocks and soils rich in fluorine bring about fluorine excess in crop food. This plays an important role in the disease formation. (3) Southeast hills. The hot spring with high content of fluorine leads to fluorosis.The fluorine absorbed by people from the environment is firstly from the drinking water and secondly from the crop food originating from soil. The fluorine in the air can be accumulated in crop leaves to

关键词： endemic fluorosis leaching accumulation food chain disease zone

Changes of Serotonin content and Turnover Rate in Hypothalamus of Female Rat during fluorosis

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中国医科大学学报 1991年第S2期20卷 1-4页

作者：袁淑德谢启文吕伏英 Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory China Medical University Shenyang China

The animal models of subacute and chronic fluorosis were devel-oped with injection of large doses of NaF (IP)and drinking water containing100 ppm F^- in female rats respectively. Serotonin content and turnover rate inhypothalamus of rat were determined with spectrofluorometry combined degra-dation blockade. 5-HT turnover rate in hypothalamus decreased during bothsubacute and chronic fluorosis. 5-HT content in hypothalamus increased duringsubacute fluorosis, but decreased during chronic fluorosis. These results suggestthat the influences on 5-HT metabolism of two kinds of fluorosis are not com-pletely identical. The decrease of 5-HT turnover rate in hypothalamus may be one of thepossible mechanisms of deficiency of pituitary prolactin and milk secretion dur-ing fluorosis.

关键词： rat fluorosis 5-HT hypothalamus

fluorosis and Dental Caries in the Hydrogeological Environments of Southeastern Communities in the State of Morelos, Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第9期4卷 994-1001页

作者： Gricelda G. Varela-González Alvaro García-Pérez Rafael Huizar-Alvarez Maria Esther Irigoyen-Camacho Maria M. Espinoza-Jaramillo Departamento de Atención a la Salud Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco Mexico City Mexico Departamento de Geología Regional Instituto de Geología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Facultad de Odontología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico

Objectives: 1) To identify the hydrogeological characteristics and fluoride (F-) concentration in drinking water in the southeast of the state of Morelos, Mexico, and 2) to estimate the association between the prevalence and severity of fluorosis, dental caries, and water F-?concentration. Methods: A hydrogeological model was developed to determine the vertical distribution of lithostratigraphic units, rocks’ hydraulic conductivities, and groundwater flow characteristics. A total of 649 schoolchildren from two communities received oral examinations. One community was located in an area with 0.75 mg F-/L in the water supply and the other in an area with 1.6 mg F-/L. fluorosis was assessed using the Thylstrup & Fejerskov Index (TFI) and the dental caries were assessed with the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The region groundwater was extracted from an inter-granular aquifer consisting of volcano clasts of intermediate volcanic chemical composition. Results: Oral examinations showed that 32.35% of the children had severe forms of fluorosis (TFI ≥ 4) in the community with 1.60 mg F-/L and 7.8% in the 0.75 mg F-/L community (p fluorosis. Adequate groundwater management actions are required to reduce fluorosis risk.

关键词： Fluoride Drinking Water fluorosis Dental Caries México

High Fluoride, Modest fluorosis: Investigation in Drinking Water Supply in Halaba (SNNPR, Ethiopia)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2011年第2期3卷 120-126页

作者： Frank van Steenbergen Redda Tekle Haimanot Aschalew Sidelil 不详

In Halaba district in Southern Ethiopia fluoride levels from boreholes are high (2.6 to 7.0 mg/l), yet the incidence of fluorosis is modest. Drinking water users living in the vicinity of four drinking water systems that have been in operation for more than 35 years were surveyed. Out of 625 persons 5 percent had severe dental fluorosis and 42 percent had mild forms—which is considerably less than results of other areas with comparable fluoride levels. The incidence was highest in the older age groups. Possible explanations were explored. A likely reason may be the continued large dependence on rain water harvesting ponds for human consumption alongside the use of water from the public borehole systems, but more investigations would be required to confirm this proposition.

关键词： Ethiopia Fluoride fluorosis Rift Valley Water Health

Chronic Alcohol Consumption and the Development of Skeletal fluorosis in a Fluoride Endemic Area of the Ethiopian Rift Valley

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第2期6卷 149-155页

作者： Redda Tekle-Haimanot Gebeyehu Haile Grarbet Tehadiso Mahber Addis Ababa Ethiopia

This study compared the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in chronic consumers of locally brewed alcoholic beverages and their matched controls in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The study revealed that chronic alcohol consumers developed severe forms of crippling skeletal fluorosis quite early in life. The controls were either symptom-free or exhibited mild forms of the fluorosis. The study showed that crippling skeletal fluorosis was directly associated with the large volumes of the locally brewed beer and honey-mead consumption on a daily basis. Chemical analysis of the alcoholic beverages showed that high concentration of fluoride which was much higher than the fluoride in the water was used for the brewing process. From this study one would conclude that in communities residing in high fluoride areas, there should be awareness creation campaigns to point out the relationship of excessive consumption of locally brewed alcoholic drinks and skeletal fluorosis. Regulations should also be put in place to require producers of local alcoholic beverages to use low fluoride water for brewing.

关键词： Fluoride Skeletal fluorosis Ethiopian Rift Valley Alcohol Consumption

Complete oral rehabilitation in a case with severe dental fluorosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第12期2卷 938-942页

作者： Nikhil Joshi Jayant Palaskar Mahasweta Joshi Rahul Kathariya Department of Prosthodontics Crown Bridge and Implantology Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital STES campus Vadgaon (Budruk) Pune 411041 Maharastra India Department of Public Health Dentistry Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital STES Campus Vadgaon (Budruk) Pune 411041 Maharastra India Dr. D.Y Patil Dental College and Hospital Dr. D.Y Vidyapeeth (Deemed University) Pune 411018 Maharashtra India

The authors have presented a technique of full occlusal rehabilitation in a case of severe dental fluorosis. In this technique, maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were simultaneously prepared and restored first. This was followed by simultaneous preparation of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth that were restored in canine guided occlusion. The technique and sequence followed here is unique and is not available in dental literature. This technique reduces number of appointments while fulfilling all objectives. Periodontal followup over 3 years was satisfactory. A restorative treatment protocol has been devised for fluorosis which will act as a guide for the dental practitioners.

关键词： Occlusal rehabilitation Dental fluorosis Treatment protocol Restorative management Occlusal plane

Investigation and Analysis on Current Situation of Coal-Burning fluorosis Prevalence

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2017年第2期7卷 115-123页

作者： Wei Yan Jun Xie Xinshu Li Yalin Chen Wenli Huang Shuang Zhou Disease Control and Prevention Center of Chongqing City Chongqing China

Objective: The purpose of the paper is to provide the result from investigation on the current situation of coal-burning fluorosis prevalence in Chongqing City and make an assessment on the prevention and curing measures. Method: The Dean’s Method is applied to investigate on the fluorotic teeth of locally-born children aged between 8 to 12;investigate how modified cooking stoves are utilized by households and how food maize and hot pepper are being dried;and test the urinary fluorine content and pepper fluorine content. Result: The investigations show that, in the 661 villages with illness history from the 100 townships of 13 districts in Chongqing City, 11.28% (7464/ 66,162) of the children aged between 8 and 12 suffer from dental fluorosis;the stoves modified rate, qualified rate of modified stoves, and correct utilization rate of qualified modified stoves are respectively 100%, 98.82%, and 99.45%;and food maize and hot pepper’s drying rates are respectively 99.88% and 99.75%. Conclusion: The result shows that the coal-burning type fluorosis prevalence in the endemic area of Chongqing City has decreased dramatically, the preventive measure is effectively implemented, and a long-term preventive mechanism has preliminarily been established.

关键词： Coal-Burning Type fluorosis Current Prevalence Conditions