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Development and installation of bedload monitoring systems with submerged load cells

Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第2期13卷 369-376页

作者： Ken GOTO Takahiro ITOH Takahiko NAGAYAMA Rei UTSUNOMIYA Daizo TSUTSUMI Takahisa MIZUYAMA Research and Development Center Nippon Koei Co.Ltd.2304 InariharaTsukubaIbaraki 300-1259Japan Nippon Koei Co. Ltd.4-2 Koji-machiChiyodaTokyo 102-0083Japan JFE Advantech Go. Ltd.3-48 Takahata-choNishinomiyaHyogo 663-8202Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University436-13 NakaoOkuhidaonsengoTakayamaGifu 506-1422Japan Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto UniversityKitashirakawa Oiwake-choSakyoKyoto 606-8502Japan

Bedload governs riverbed channel variations and morphology, it is necessary to determine bedload discharge through an arbitrary cross section in a mountain fiver. A new system with submerged load cells has been developed to directly measure bedload discharge. The system consists of：（1） an iron box which is 1 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.1 m in depth, （2） two submerged load cells 0.7 m apart, （3） a pressure sensor and, （4） an electromagnetic velocity meter. This system has been designed to exclude the effect of the hydraulic pressure of water on direct measurements of bedload particle weight. Initial tests in a laboratory were conducted to examine the accuracy of measurements with the system under aerial conditions. The system has been installed in the supercritical flume in Ashi-arai-dani River of the Hodaka Sedimentation Observatory of the Disaster Prevention Research Institute （DPRI） of Kyoto University to obtain bedload discharge under natural conditions. flume tests were conducted in this channel by artificial supply of uniform sediment particles of several grain sizes. The average velocity of the sediment particles near the bed was estimated using cross-correlation functions for weight waves obtained by the two load cells, Bedload discharge calculations were based on time integration of the product of sediment velocity and sediment weight obtained by the two load cells. This study clarifies the reasons why bedload measurements are difficult, and provides some solutions using the monitoring systems with submerged load cells through the field measurements. Additionally, the applicability of bedload measurement with the submerged load cells is explained based on experimental artificial sediment supply data.

关键词： Bedload Submerged load cell flume tests

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Initiation Mechanism of Loess Mudflows by flume Experiments

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1166-1178页

作者： Penghui Ma Jianbing Peng Jianqi Zhuang Xinghua Zhu Cong Liu Yuxiang Cheng Zuopeng Zhang Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering College of Geological Engineering and Surveying of Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Xi’an Engineering Investigation and Design Research Institute China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co.Ltd.Xi’an710054China

The structure of loess is loose,and the shear strength of loess drops sharply after contact with ***,loess mudflows have become a common geological disaster on the Chinese Loess *** order to study the initiation mode and mechanism of loess mudflows,in this study,seven sets of flume experiments were designed by controlling the slope angle and rainfall *** results show that(1)when the slope angle is between 10°and 20°,there are two initiation mechanisms of loess mudflows:mudflow(large scale)and retrogressive toe sliding,and mudflow(small-scale)and retrogressive toe sliding.(2)The main method by which water infiltrates into the soil accumulation is mainly vertical infiltration,which is not affected by the slope angle and the seepage direction of the accumulation soil.(3)The liquefaction of loess is the root cause of loess *** infiltrates into the area with an uneven density and a large amount of water accumulates in this ***,the water content of the loess increases and the pore water pressure increases quickly and cannot dissipate in time,so the loess liquefies and the liquefacted area continues to spread and become ***,loess mudflows(large scale)*** increase in pore water pressure was captured in the seven sets of ***,the order of the rising positions in the accumulation were *** requires us to carry out tracking of the particle displacement inside the soil and the spatial changes in the internal structure of the soil in future research.

关键词： flume tests loess mudflow loess liquefaction initiation modes initiation mechanism engineering geology

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