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Hierarchical Ag-SiO_2@Fe_3O_4magnetic composites for elemental mercury removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 111-120页

作者： Yongpeng Ma Bailong Mu Xiaojing Zhang Hongzhong Zhang Haomiao Xu Zan Qu Li Gao Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration School of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Resources and Environmental Science Ningxia University

Hierarchical Ag-SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 magnetic composites were selected for elemental mercury(Hg^0) removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas in this study. Results showed that the hierarchical Ag-SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 magnetic composites had favorable Hg^0 removal ability at low temperature. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of hierarchical magnetic composite is much larger than that of pure Fe_3O_4 and SiO_2@Fe_3O_4. The Hg^0 removal efficiency reached the highest value as approximately 92% under the reaction temperature of 150°C, while the removal efficiency sharply reduced in the absence of O_2. The characterization results indicated that Ag nanoparticles grew on the surface of SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 support. The large surface area of SiO_2 supplied efficient reaction room for Hg and Ag atoms. Ag–Hg amalgam is generated on the surface of the composites. In addition, this magnetic material could be easily separated from fly ashes when adopted for treating real flue gas, and the spent materials could be regenerated using a simple thermal-desorption method.

关键词： Elemental mercury Silver nanoparticles Magnetic composites Non-ferrous metal flue gas

The ignored emission of volatile organic compounds from iron ore sinter process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 282-290页

作者： Juexiu Li Xiaoping He Bing Pei Xianwei Li Diwen Ying Yalin Wang Jinping Jia School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Iron-Making Plant Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd. (TISCO) Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center Central Research Institute (Technology Center) China Baowu Steel Group Corporation Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security

Iron ore sintering is a major source of gaseous and particulate pollutants emission in iron smelt plant. The aim of present study is to characterize the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission profiles from iron ore sintering process. Both sinter pot test and sinter simulation experiment were conducted and compared. Out results showed that sinter process produced large quantity of VOCs together with NOxand SO_2. VOCs and NO were produced simultaneously in sinter pot test from 3 to 24 min after ignition, flowed by SO_2 production from 15 min to the end of sintering. Total VOCs(TVOC) concentration in sinter flue gas was affected by the coal and coke ratio in sinter raw material. The maximum TVOC concentration was 34.5 ppm when using 100% coal as fuel. Sinter simulation experiments found that the number of VOCs species and their concentrations were found by sinter temperature. The largest VOCs species varieties were obtained at 500 °C. Benzene, toluene,xylene and ethylbenzene were major VOCs in sinter flue gas based on the results from both simulation test and sinter pot. It thus demonstrated that in addition to NO_x, SO_2 and metal oxide particles, sinter flue gas also contained significant amount of VOCs whose environmental impact cannot be ignored. Based on our work, it is timely needed to establish a new VOC emission standard for sinter flue gas and develop advanced techniques to simultaneously eliminate multi-pollutants in iron ore sinter process.

关键词： Iron ore sinter VOCs flue gas Emission

Transformation and removal of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip from selective catalytic reduction in wet flue gas desulfurization system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 72-80页

作者： Teng Cheng Xincheng Zhou Linjun Yang Hao Wu Hongmei Fan Key Laboratory for Energy Thermal Conversion and Control Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Jiangsu Frontier Electric Technology Co. Ltd.Nanjing 211102China School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210042China

Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) denitration may increase the emission of NH4+and NH3.The removal and transformation characteristics of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip during the wet flue gas desulfurization(WFGD) process, as well as the effect of desulfurization parameters, were investigated in an experimental system equipped with a simulated SCR flue gas generation system and a limestone-based WFGD system.The results indicate that the ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip in the flue gas from SCR can be partly removed by slurry scrubbing, while the entrainment and evaporation of desulfurization slurry with accumulated NH4+will generate new ammoniumcontaining particles and gaseous ammonia.The ammonium-containing particles formed by desulfurization are not only derived from the entrainment of slurry droplets, but also from the re-condensation of gaseous ammonia generated by slurry evaporation.Therefore,even if the concentration of NH4+in the desulfurization slurry is quite low, a high level of NH4+was still contained in the fine particles at the outlet of the scrubber.When the accumulated NH4+in the desulfurization slurry was high enough, the WFGD system promoted the conversion of NH3 to NH4+and increased the additional emission of primary NH4+aerosols.With the decline of the liquid/gas ratio and flue gas temperature, the removal efficiency of ammonia sulfate aerosols increased, and the NH4+emitted from entrainment and evaporation of the desulfurization slurry decreased.In addition, the volatile ammonia concentration after the WFGD system was reduced with the decrease of the NH4+concentration and p H values of the slurry.

关键词： Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) Wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) Ammonium sulfate Ammonia slip Emission characteristics

Recent progress of amine modified sorbents for capturing CO2 from flue gas

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2292-2302页

作者： Xinglei Zhao Qian Cui BaodengWang Xueliang Yan Surinder Singh Feng Zhang Xing Gao Yonglong Li National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy (NICE) Beijing 102211 China NICE America Research Mountain View CA USA

Under the Paris agreement, China has committed to reducing CO_2 emissions by 60%–65% per unit of GDP by 2030.Since CO_2 emissions from coal-fired power plants currently account for over 30% of the total carbon emissions in China, it will be necessary to mitigate at least some of these emissions to achieve this goal. Studies by the International Energy Agency(IEA) indicate CCS technology has the potential to contribute 14% of global emission reductions, followed by 40% of higher energy efficiency and 35% of renewable energy, which is considered as the most promising technology to significantly reduce carbon emissions for current coal-fired power plants.Moreover, the announcement of a Chinese national carbon trading market in late 2017 signals an opportunity for the commercial deployment of CO_2 capture technologies.Currently, the only commercially demonstrated technology for post-combustion CO_2 capture technology from power plants is solvent-based absorption. While commercially viable, the costs of deploying this technology are high. This has motivated efforts to develop more affordable alternatives, including advanced solvents, membranes,and sorbent capture systems. Of these approaches, advanced solvents have received the most attention in terms of research and demonstration. In contrast, sorbent capture technology has less attention, despite its potential for much lower energy consumption due to the absence of water in the sorbent. This paper reviews recent progress in the development of sorbent materials modified by amine functionalities with an emphasis on material characterization methods and the effects of operating conditions on performance. The main problems and challenges that need to be overcome to improve the competitiveness of sorbent-based capture technologies are discussed.

关键词： CO2 sorbent Amine flue gas CO2 adsorption CO2 regeneration

Effect of gas composition on nitric oxide removal from simulated flue gas with DBD-NPC method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第12期27卷 3017-3026页

作者： Lan Yang Xiang Zhang Qing Kan Binran Zhao Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education(MOE)for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Xi'an 710069China Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Xi'an 710069China International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Xi'an 710069China Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi Xi'an 710069China

A new method for nitric oxide(NO)removal was developed by combining dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)and negative pulse corona(NPC).The effects of gas composition(O2,CO2,and H2 O)on NO removal were investigated with this method,and the effect of alcohols(methanol and ethanol)addition on NO removal was also investigated as well as the reaction mechanisms to enhance the NO removal efficiency.The experimental results showed that O2,CO2,and H2 O had obvious inhibition effects on NO removal,and the negative effects were in the following order:O2>CO2>H2 O.The addition of methanol or ethanol in the reaction system could mitigate the negative effects of O2,CO2 and H2 O on NO removal,and also eliminated the production of N02.The positive effect of alcohols addition with DBD-NPC denitration method was also validated in the simulated flue gas,in which the NOx(NO,NO2)was mainly converted into N2.

关键词： Dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) Corona discharge Nitric oxide Alcohols flue gas

Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of sintering flue gas via composite absorbent

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第8期24卷 1104-1111页

作者： Jie Wang Wenqi Zhong Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Centre for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Southeast University–Monash University Joint Research School

Experiments on simultaneous absorption of SO_2 and NO_X from sintering flue gas via a composite absorbent NaClO_2/NaClO were carried out. The effects of various operating parameters such as NaClO_2 concentration(ms), NaClO concentration(mp), molar ratio of NaClO_2/NaClO(M), solution temperature(TR), initial solution pH, gas flow(Vg) and inlet concentration of SO_2(CS) and NO(CN) on the removal efficiencies of SO_2 and NO were discussed. The optimal experimental conditions were determined to be initial solution pH = 6, TR=55 °C and M = 1.3 under which the average efficiencies of desulfurization and denitrification could reach99.7% and 90.8%, respectively. Moreover, according to the analysis of reaction products, it was found that adding NaClO to NaClO_2 aqueous solution is favorable for the generation of ClO_2 and Cl_2 which have significant effect on desulfurization and denitrification. Finally, engineering experiments were performed and obtained good results demonstrating that this method is practicable and promising.

关键词： Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification Sintering flue gas Composite absorbent

A composite absorption liquid for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification in flue gas

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第10期27卷 2566-2573页

作者： Chunlai Liu Jing Li Changlin Yang Zhenheng Diao Chengxue Wang School of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of TechnologyChangchun 130000China

A composite-liquid absorbent(CLA),NaClO/KMnO4,for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification(SDD)was studied in a homemade bubbling reactor.The experimental results showed that the CLA configured by sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)and potassium permanganate(KMnO4)had a very good synergistic effect on SDD.The effects of NaClO concentration(CNa),KMnO4 concentration(CK),gas space velocity(Vg),initial p H value,and temperature of the absorption liquid(Ts)on efficiencies of the SDD were investigated.Under the optimal reaction conditions,the best removal efficiencies were 100%for sulfur dioxide(SO2)and above 94%for nitric oxide(NO).The ion chromatography and titration were used to analyze the changes of both the ion species and concentrations in the liquid before and after the reaction.According to the experiment results and related literature,the reaction mechanism of the SDD based on the CLA was proposed.

关键词： flue gas Absorption Chemical reaction Reaction mechanism NaClO/KMnO4

Manganese leaching in high concentration flue gas desulfurization process with semi-oxidized manganese ore

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 571-578页

作者： Dong Sun Guangzhi Xin Lu Yao Lin Yang Xia Jiang Wenju Jiang College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China National Engineering Research Center for flue Gas Desulfurization Chengdu 610065China

Manganese leaching during high concentration flue gas desulfurization process with semi-oxidized manganese ore was studied in this paper.It was found that there were different reaction pathways among which MnO2,Mn2O3 and MnCO3 in semi-oxidized manganese ore during flue gas desulphurization and manganese leaching.High SO2 concentration facilitated redox reaction between MnO2 and SO2,and high concentration of H2SO4 accelerated MnCO3/Mn2O3 leaching from semi-oxidized ore.Kinetics study showed that manganese leaching in flue gas desulfurization process with semi-oxidized ore was controlled by a mixed-control model,that is the surface chemical reaction and mass diffusion dominated both the oxidation of SO2 and manganese leaching process.The apparent activation energy was 13.05 k J·mol-1 and the reaction orders with respect to SO2 and H2SO4 concentration were 1.38 and 0.10,respectively.Finally,a semi-empirical rate equation based on shrinking core model was derived to describe the process.

关键词： Semi-oxidized manganese ore flue gas desulfurization Manganese leaching Kinetics study

Performance of an activated carbon made from waste palm shell in simultaneous adsorption of SO_x and NO_x of flue gas at low temperature

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 198-203页

作者： S. SUMATHI S. BHATIA K.T. LEE A. R. MOHAMED School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang

This study examined the individual and simultaneous adsorption of SOx (SO2) and NOx (NO-NO2) on activated carbon prepared from waste palm shell. The adsorption process was examined in a fixed bed reactor at low temperatures (100―300℃). For individual adsorption without any catalytic activation, SOx showed good adsorption whereas NOx was very much poor. In the simultaneous adsorption of SOx and NOx, SOx showed greater adsorption affinity than NOx. For palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) impregnated with metal catalyst (Ni and Ce) the concentration adsorbed profile showed that the amount of SOx adsorbed decreased regularly, while the amount of the adsorbed NOx increased irregularly. The properties of the pure and impregnated PSAC were analyzed by BET, SEM and EDX. These investiga-tions indicated that PSAC impregnated with metal catalyst is the determining factor in the adsorption of SOx and NOx simultaneously.

关键词： palm shell activated carbon flue gas SO_x NO_x