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The chromosome-level genome of double-petal phenotype jasmine provides insights into the biosynthesis of floral scent

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 259-272页

作者： Xiangyu Qi Huadi Wang Shuyun Liu Shuangshuang Chen Jing Feng Huijie Chen Ziyi Qin Quanming Chen Ikram Blilou Yanming Deng Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement Institute of Leisure AgricultureJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingJiangsu 210014China School of Life Sciences Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu 212013China College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210014China Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Company Limited Shanghai 200231China Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Jasmine(Jasminum sambac Aiton)is a well-known cultivated plant species for its fragrant flowers used in the perfume industry and cosmetics.However,the genetic basis of its floral scent is largely unknown.In this study,using PacBio,Illumina,10×Genomics and highthroughput chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C)sequencing technologies,a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for J.sambac was obtained,exploiting a double-petal phenotype cultivar‘Shuangbanmoli’(JSSB).The results showed that the final assembled genome of JSSB is 580.33 Mb in size(contig N50=1.05 Mb;scaffold N50=45.07 Mb)with a total of 39618 predicted protein-coding genes.Our analyses revealed that the JSSB genome has undergone an ancient whole-genome duplication(WGD)event at 91.68 million years ago(Mya).It was estimated that J.sambac diverged from the lineage leading to Olea europaea and Osmanthus fragrans about 28.8 Mya.On the basis of a combination of genomic,transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses,a range of floral scent volatiles and genes were identified involved in the benzenoid/phenylpropanoid and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways.The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of its fragrance biosynthesis in jasmine.

关键词： Jasminum sambac Aiton Oleaceae Genome evolution floral scent Terpene synthase

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floral characteristics and pollination ecology of Manglietia ventii(Magnoliaceae),a plant species with extremely small populations(PSESP)endemic to South Yunnan of China

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Plant Diversity 2017年第1期39卷 52-59页

作者： Bin Wang Gao Chen Congren Li Weibang Sun Kunming Botanical Garden Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204YunnanChina Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204YunnanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Manglietia ventii is a highly endangered plant species endemic to Yunnan province in China, where there are only five known small populations. Despite abundant flowering there is very low fruit and seed set,and very few seedlings in natural populations, indicating problems with reproduction. The causes of low fecundity in M. ventii are not known, largely because of insufficient knowledge of the species pollination ecology and breeding system. We conducted observations and pollination experiments, and analyzed floral scents to understand the pollinatoreplant interactions and the role of floral scent in this relationship, as well as the species breeding system. Like the majority of Magnoliaceae, M. ventii has protogynous and nocturnal flowers that emit a strong fragrance over two consecutive evenings. There is a closing period(the pre-staminate stage) during the process of anthesis of a flower, and we characterize the key flowering process as an "open-close-reopen" flowering rhythm with five distinct floral stages observed throughout the floral period of this species: pre-pistillate, pistillate, pre-staminate, staminate,and post-staminate. Flowers are in the pistillate stage during the first night of anthesis and enter the staminate stage the next night. During anthesis, floral scent emission occurs in the pistillate and staminate stages. The effective pollinators were weevils(Sitophilus sp.) and beetles(Anomala sp.), while the role of Rove beetles(Aleochara sp.) and thrips(Thrips sp.) in pollination of M. ventii appears to be minor or absent. The major chemical compounds of the floral scents were Limonene, b-Pinene, a-Pinene, 1,8-Cineole, Methyl-2-methylbutyrate, p-Cymene, Methyl-3-methyl-2-butenoate and 2-Methoxy-2-methyl-3-buten, and the relative proportions of these compounds varied between the pistillate and staminate stages. Production of these chemicals coincided with flower visitation by weevils and beetles.The results of pollination experiments suggest that M. ventii is pollinator-dependent, and low seed s

关键词： floral scent Weevil Beetle Pollination Breeding system Conservation

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Reference Gene Selection for qRT-PCR Normalization in Iris germanica L.

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 277-290页

作者： Yinjie Wang Yongxia Zhang Qingquan Liu Liangqin Liu Suzhen Huang Haiyan Yuan Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210014China

Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is an effective and widely used method to analyze expression patterns of target genes.Selection of stable reference genes is a prerequisite for accurate normalization of target gene expression by qRT-PCR.In Iris germanica L.,no studies have yet been published regarding the evaluation of potential reference genes.In this study,nine candidate reference genes were assessed at different flower developmental stages and in different tissues by four different algorithms(GeNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,and RefFinder).The results revealed that ACT11(Actin 11)and EF1α(Elongation factor 1 alpha)were the most stable reference genes in different tissues,whereas TUA(Tubulin alpha)and UBC9(Ubiquitin-protein ligase 9)were the most stable ones in different flower developmental stages.UBC9 and ACT11 were the most stable reference genes in all of the tested samples,while the SAMDC(S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase)showed the least stability.Finally,to validate the suitability of the selected reference genes,the relative expression level of IgTPS(beta-caryophyllene synthase)was assessed and highlighted the importance of suitable reference gene selection.This work constitutes the first systematic evaluation of potential reference genes in I.germanica and provides guidelines for future research on gene function and molecular mechanisms on I.germanica and related species.

关键词： Iris germanica L reference genes floral scent qRT-PCR

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Pollinator attraction in Cornus capitata (Cornaceae): the relative role of visual and olfactory cues

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第2期8卷 173-181页

作者： Bo Song Yang Niu Jürg Stöcklin Gao Chen De-Li Peng Yong-Qian Gao Hang Sun Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asian Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanChina Section of Plant Ecology Institute of BotanyUniversity of BaselSchönbeinstrasse 6Basel 4056Switzerland Kunming Botanical Garden Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanChina Department of Ecology and Environmental Engineering Yunnan Forestry Technological College1 Chuanjin RoadKunming 650224YunnanChina

Aims it is generally accepted that visual displays and floral scent play important roles in communication between flowering plants and their pollinators.However,the relative role of visual and olfactory cues in pollinator attraction is largely unknown.in this study,we determined the roles of both types of cue in attracting pollinators to Cornus capitata,a medium sized tree with each capitulum sur-rounded by four large,white,petaloid bracts.Methods Pollinator observations and pollination experiments were con-ducted in a natural population;the inflorescences’visual and olfactory signals were characterized by spectral and chemical analyses;the responses of pollinators to visual and olfactory cues were tested using dual-choice behavioural bioassays;the relative roles of visual and olfactory cues in pollinator attrac-tion were tested by comparing the responses of pollinators to inflorescences subjected to three experimental treatments(intact,all bracts removed,and capitulum removed)within the natural population.Important Findings For fruit set,C.capitata is entirely dependent on pollinators,with a bee,Anthophora sp.,being the main pollinator.bracts present high colour distance and green contrast against the leaves.Twelve volatile compounds in the floral scent were detected,most of which have previously been reported to be attractive to a broad spectrum of bee species.behavioural bioassays showed that both,visual cues alone and olfactory cues alone,are attractive to pollinating bees.However,vis-ual cues alone attracted significantly more approaches than olfactory cues alone,while olfactory cues alone elicited a significantly higher landing percentage than visual cues alone.The finding suggests that,in the C.capitata-Anthophora sp.interaction,visual cues are mainly used for location from long distances,while olfactory cues mainly aid landing from short distances.our results indicate that different modalities of floral cues should be considered together to understand fully the communication between flowering plant and po

关键词： bract floral scent olfactory cues spectral reflectance visual cues

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