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Enhancement of Essential Oil Yield from Melaleuca Leucadendra *** by Lignocellulose Degradation Pre-Treatment Using filamentous fungi

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第4期6卷 379-386页

作者： Tjokorda I.Indira Khairul Hadi Burhan Robert Manurung Ana Widiana Department of Bioengineering School of Life Science and TechnologyInstitute of Technology BandungIndonesia Agriculture and Bioproduct Technology Research Group Institute of Technology BandungJl.Raya Jatinangor Km 20.75Sumedang 45363Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Technology Sunan Gunung Djati UniversityJl.A.H.Nasution No.105Bandung 40614Indonesia

The essential oil from Melaleuca leucadendra *** has been widely used as a perfume and traditional remedy,cosmetics and pharmaceutical products ingredient since many years *** common technology to recover the oil is hydro-distillation and ***,all oil can not be fully extracted from the leaves by this method due to the recalcitrant structure of leaves that hindrance the access of the *** a submerged fermentation as a pretreatment step prior to the extraction process helped to loosen the lignocellulose structure and enhance oil release in the extraction *** this study,the raw materials were collected from the natural forest in Buru Island,Maluku,*** biological agents applied in these processes were Phanerochaete chrysosporium ITBCC136 and Trichoderma viride *** oil extraction process was conducted by method of steam-distillation,the oil was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS),and the lignocellulose content in the biomass was measured by the fractionation *** treatment using *** provided the highest increase in yield percentage up to 3.47%as compared with control of 1.45%,with the lowest percentages of the remained cellulose,while the fermentation with the presence of *** did not affect the oil yield even the lignin content was decrease as much as 21%.The percentages of 1,8-cineole in the oil were almost unchanged,which was about 20%of the oil.

关键词： Cajuput oil Cineole filamentous fungi Lignocellulose biodegradation Phanerochaete chrysosporium Trichoderma viride

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Isolation of filamentous fungi from the Caatinga Region and Production of Amylolytic Enzymes of Great Industrial Interest

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第11期8卷 152-164页

作者： Ingrid Cristina Soares Amorim Gessica Oliveira Marinho Tarcisio Michael Ferreira Soares de Oliveira Juan Pedro Bretas Roa Arlete Barbosa dos Reis David Lee Nelson Thiago Machado Pasin Vivian Machado Benassi Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Universidade Federal dos Vales dos Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Campus JK Diamantina Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduaç ã o em Biocombustíveis Universidade Federal dos Vales dos Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Campus JK Diamantina Brasil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir&atilde o Preto Universidade de S&atilde o Paulo Ribeir&atilde o Preto Brasil

The industrial importance and the high cost of the commercial amylase require the study of microorganisms that produce these enzymes. For this reason, the objective of this work was to isolate filamentous fungi from a region of the caatinga and evaluate their potential for the production of amylase. Four soil samples were collected from a deactivated dump located in the city of Diamantina, MG, in a region of the caatinga. The analysis of amylolytic production in a submerged medium at the ideal temperature of each microorganism was performed using the saccharification method, and the reducing sugars formed were quantified by DNS. Fourteen filamentous fungi were isolated, which had different morphological aspects. Regarding amylase production, a mean activity of 0.477 U·mL-1 was obtained with the isolates I 1.2.1 and I 4.4.1. These results bring important information regarding the biodiversity of the caatinga, in addition to the isolation of microorganisms that can be used as biological machinery to obtain metabolites with high biotechnological and industrial potential.

关键词： Amylolytic Enzyme Bioprospecting filamentous fungi Industrial Interest

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Spectrum of filamentous fungi from Sputum of Tuberculosis Relapse and Retreatment Patients in Tuberculosis Reference Facilities

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2020年第4期10卷 190-203页

作者： Josephat Tonui Marianne Mureithi Walter Jaoko Christine Bii Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Kenya Medical Research Institute Centre for Microbiology Research Mycology Unit Nairobi Kenya

Background: Fungal infections represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised individuals. Pulmonary fungal infection may be missed or misdiagnosed as tuberculosis (TB) hence complicating management of these patients. The current study reports the spectrum of filamentous fungi isolated from sputum of TB relapse and retreatment cases at selected reference facilities in Kenya. Methods: A total of 340 sputum samples collected during the period of June 2018 to June 2019 were subjected to mycological investigations. The samples were mucolysed and inoculated on sabourauds dextrose agar (SDA) and incubated at 30°C for 7 days and checked daily for fungal growth. Moulds were identified by macroscopic and microscopic morphological features and the species were confirmed by sequencing. Results: The diversity of fungi out of the 340 sputum samples analyzed was as follows;16% (n = 53) were positive for moulds with Aspergillus species being the predominant constituting 68 % (n = 36). Among the Aspergilli, A. flavus and A. niger were the most frequently isolated adding up to 23%, (n = 12) and 15% (n = 8) respectively. Additionally, Paecillomyces variotii (9%, n = 5), Scedosporium aspiospermum (6%, n = 3), Mucor racemosus (8%, n = 4) and Penicillium spp. (9%, n = 5) were also recovered. Conclusion: The isolated fungi represented potential respiratory pathogens that could be responsible for persistent TB like symptoms despite treatment that could be misdiagnosed as relapse requiring treatment. Fungal investigation of all presumptive TB relapse cases should be advocated before treatment. This will reduce unnecessary retreatment, delayed antifungal intervention and unwarranted morbidity and mortality associated with misdiagnosis.

关键词： filamentous fungi Tuberculosis Relapse Retreatment Spectrum

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Diversity of filamentous fungi in organic layers of two forests in Zijin Mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2004年第4期15卷 273-279页

作者：宋福强田兴军李重琦杨昌林陈斌郝杰杰朱静南京大学生命科学学院南京210093

A study was conducted to evaluate the cultivable filamentous fungal diversity in organic layers (L, F, and H layers) and A1 layer of two main forest types, Pinus massoniana and Liguidambar formasana mixed forest and Quercus variabilis forest, in Zijin Mountain(325?N, 11848?E), Nanjing, China. A total of 67 taxa comprising 56 Deuteromycetes, 3 Zygomycetes, 5 Asco-mycetes and 3 unidentified fungi were recognized from samples from the forest floor of the two forest types. The most abundant group was Deuteromycetes. The dominant genera in both forests were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Gliocladium sp. and Trichoderma spp. The fungal diversity was higher in the mixed forest than that in Q. variabilis forest. For both forest types, the maximum fungal diversity was found in layer F and there existed significantly different in fungal diversity between layer F and layer L. In the mixed forest, richness of fungi isolated from needle litter (P. massoniana) was lower than that from leaf litter (L. formasana). The richness of fungi from needle litter increased with the in-crease of forest floor depth, but for leaf litter, the fungal diversity decreased with the depth of forest floor. The co-species of fungi from the two forest types, as well as from two kinds of litters in mixed forest, increased with the depth of the forest floor. The succession of fungi along with the process of decomposition was discussed here. The results also showed that litter quality was a critical factor affecting fungal diversity.

关键词： Zijin Mountain Forest type filamentous fungi Diversity Litter Quercus variabilis forest Pinus massoniana and Liguidambar formasana mixed fores

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Microbial Diversity and some Hydrolytic Enzyme Producing Ability of filamentous fungi Isolated from Starters of Red Glutinous Rice Wine

Microbial Diversity and some Hydrolytic Enzyme Producing Abi...

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经济发展方式转变与自主创新——第十二届中国科学技术协会年会

作者： Xucong LV,Zhiqing HUANG,Pingfan RAO,Wen ZHANG,Li NI (Institute of Food Science and Technology,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,350108,China)

The diversity of filamentous fungi associated with traditional red glutinous rice wine fermentation starters obtained from Fujian province,China,was investigated by traditional culture-dependent method and molecular identification ***-six filamentous fungi were separated by traditional culture-dependent means from 10 fermentation starters and classified into 16 different species based on morphological examination,cultural properties and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences *** main filamentous fungi noted varied with wine *** them Rhizopus oryzae was the most frequent *** enzyme-producing properties of these isolates were also ***,*** and Monascus purpureus exhibited higher activity of glucoamylase;***,*** and *** had higher activity of α-amylase;*** and *** had higher protease *** typical filamentous fungi (***,***,*** and ***) were screened out and incubated into a previously steamed glutinous rice mass,*** the four,*** degraded starch into reducing sugars most rapidly and effectively,identifying it as a promising candidate for fermented red glutinous rice wine brewing using pure strains.

关键词： red glutinous rice wine fermentation starters microbial diversity filamentous fungi enzyme-producing properties

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Comparison and Analysis on Resistance of Environmental filamentous fungi to Three Heavy Metals

Comparison and Analysis on Resistance of Environmental Filam...

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多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： Hangqiu Mao Wenying Li Xiufang Gao Xia Li Lei Song Institute of Agricultural Resources ＆ Environment Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Resources ＆ Environment Yangtze University

In order to investigate the tolerance of filamentous fungi to heavy metals and explore ways to bioremediate heavy metal pollution, the growth of 11 fungi strains from polluted environment under heavy metal stress was studied by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations（MICs） and colony diameters after solid culture for 14 days. The results showed that the culture traits of all tested strains would change under the stress of high concentration of heavy metals, and the inhibition effect of different concentration of heavy metals on the growth of the tested strain was significantly different, which would increase with the increases of the concentration of heavy metals. During the 14 d observation period,the MICs of Mucor sp.（Mu-tea1） with higher tolerance to Cr6+ was 220 mg/L, and the colony diameter was 3.1 cm, which was significantly different from that of other treatment concentrations（P＜0.05）. The MICs of Neofusicoccum sp.（Nf1172） and Penicillium sp.（Pe-soil2） with higher tolerance to Cd2+ was 18 m M, the colony diameters were 2.3 cm and 2.7 cm, respectively,which were significantly different from that of other treatment concentrations（P＜0.05）. The MICs of Penicillium sp.（Pe-soil2） with higher tolerance to Pb2+ was 18 m M, and the colony diameter was 4.3 cm, which was significantly different from that of other treatment concentrations（P＜0.05）. The above results explored the resistance of filamentous fungi to heavy metals under heavy metal stress conditions, which would provide the scientific basis and research materials for utilization of the dominant strains to bioremediate heavy metal pollution in the future.

关键词： filamentous fungi Cr6+ Pb2+ Cd2+ MICs Heavy metal tolerance

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The formation kinetics and control of biofilms by three dominant fungi species isolated from groundwater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第11期33卷 148-160页

作者： Xinyu Luo Xiangqian Xu Ruihua Cao Qiqi Wan Jingyi Wang Huining Xu Yingzi Lin Gang Wen Tinglin Huang Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130118China

filamentous fungi can enter drinking water supply systems in various ways,and exist in suspended or sessile states which threatens the health of individuals by posing a high risk of invasive *** this study,the biofilms formation kinetics of the three genera of fungal spores,Aspergillus niger(***),Penicillium polonicum(***)and Trichoderma harzianum(***)isolated fromthe groundwater were reported,as well as the effects of water quality parameters were *** addition,the efficiency of low-concentrations of chlorine-based disinfectants(chlorine,chlorine dioxide and chloramine)on controlling the formation of fungal biofilms was *** results showed that the biofilms formation of the three genera of fungi could be divided into the following four phases:induction,exponential,stationary and sloughing *** optimum conditions for fungal biofilms formation were found to be neutral or weakly acidic at 28°C with rich *** fact,***,***,and *** were not observed to form mature biofilms in actual groundwater within 120 *** was found to have the maximum effect on the fungal biofilms formation in actual groundwater,followed by nitrogen and *** resistance of fungal species to disinfectants during the formation of biofilms decreased in the order:***>***>*** dioxide was observed to control the biofilms formation with maximum efficiency,followed by chlorine and ***,the results of this study will provide a beneficial understanding for the formation and control of fungal biofilms.

关键词： filamentous fungi Biofilms Formation kinetics Chlorine-based disinfectants Control

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Evaluation of fungal potentiality for bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第1期16卷 132-137页

作者： Zahangir Alam A. Fakhru'l-Razi Abul H. Molla Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM SerdangSelangor DE Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak 53100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

This study was undertaken to screen the filamentous fungi isolated from its relevant habitats(wastewater, sewage sludge and sludge cake) for the bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge. A total of 35 fungal strains were tested against wastewater sludge (total suspended solids, TSS 1%—5% w/w) to evaluate its potentiality for enhancing the biodegradability and dewaterability using liquid state bioconversion(LSB) process. The strains were divided into five groups i.e. Penicillium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Basidiomycete and Miscellaneous, respectively. The strains WWZP1003, SCahmA103, SCahmT105 and PC-9 among their respective groups of Penicillium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma and Basidiomycete played potential roles in terms of separation(formation of pellets/flocs/filaments), biodegradation(removal of COD) and filtration(filterability) of treated domestic wastewater sludge. The Miscellaneous group was not considered due to its unsatisfactory results as compared to the other groups. The pH value was also influenced by the microbial treatment during fermentation process. The filterability of treated sludge was improved by fungal treatment, and lowest filtration time was recorded for the strain WWZP1003 and SCahmA103 of Penicillium and Aspergillus groups respectively compared with other strains.

关键词： filamentous fungi screening wastewater sludge pellets filtration liquid state bioconversion

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fungi for future foods

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Journal of Future Foods 2021年第1期1卷 25-37页

作者： Tyler J.Barzee Lin Cao Zhongli Pan Ruihong Zhang Deparment of Biosytems and Agricuitural Engineering Universiny of Kenucky128 CE Bamhart Building.LexingtonKr40546-0276.USA Deparnment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Thriversity of Califomnia DanisOme Shields AvemueDarisCA95616USA

The rapid growth of human civilizations has 1ed to imminent pressures to develop new food products with increased nutitiona1 characteristics and decreased environmenta1 *** fungi,a class of microorganisms that have been utilized in a wide variety of foods for thousands of years,have recently gamered widespread attention in research communities and commercia1 ventures seeking to explore new and innovative applications in a diverse aray of food products including,but not 1imited to,their more established applications as alterative *** advances in the cultivation and processing of flamentous fungi have created new frontiers in the control of textures,flavors,and nutritional properties of fungi-based *** review highlights technological advances in the production of fungi-based foods from cultivation to product manufacturing,presents the current state of the ant in fungi-based food products,and offters thoughts on their future *** is given to circular bioprocessing concepts for the sustainable utilization of agricultural and food processing byproducts.

关键词： filamentous fungi Mycoprotein Fermentation 3D printing Biomanufacturing Nove1 foods

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Rapid Preparation of filamentous Fungal DNA for PCR Analysis by Ultrasonic Treatment

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2023年第2期30卷 89-96页

作者： Gui Yan-ling Han Jie Zhao Jie-hong College of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550021China

A simple method to prepare of DNA template suitable for PCR amplification from filamentous fungi will be valuable for improving experimental ***,a method was developed which just needed ultrasonic treatment of the mycelium at usual condition,and the produced solution could directly be used as DNA template for internal transcribed spacer(ITS)amplification *** PCR could be improved by additional treatment of 60℃water baths,but was not *** the template amount was 0.5-2μL and the ultrasonic time was 7-11 min,there was no distinctly influences on *** method was commonly used for ***,***,Lentinula sp.,Flammul *** Dictyophora *** detect target sequences of ITS,hygromycin resistance gene(Hyg),CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9),Citrinin gene C(CtnC),Citrinin gene D(CtnD),large subunit rRNA gene(NL),and so *** method could provide a simple,rapid,safe and economic approach to prepare the DNA template for large-scale PCR of the special filamentous fungi materials.

关键词： filamentous fungi rapid PCR DNA template preparation ultrasonic treatment

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