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Is the feminization of labor harmful to agricultural production? The decision-making and production control perspective

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1392-1401页

作者： LIU Jia-cheng XU Zhi-gang ZHENG Qiu-fen Lillian Hua School of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China School of Public Health Yale UniversityNew Haven 06510USA

Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of agricultural labor force on agricultural *** considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides the various agricultural production models into three types:(i)the traditional model of decisions made either jointly by men and women or by men alone while both genders participate in production,(ii)complete feminization of agricultural decision-making and the production labor force,and(iii)feminization of the agricultural production labor force *** study investigates the effects of combining or separating decision-making and production in regard to agricultural development in the context of feminization of the agricultural labor *** follow-up data collected from 2004–2008 by the Ministry of Agriculture of China,we built a comprehensive panel data model to test our *** research shows that in comparison to traditional agricultural households and fully feminized agricultural labor forces,partially feminized production resulted in lower grain yield and technological *** feminization of agricultural labor does not necessarily have a negative impact on agricultural output,especially since heavy manual labor is being increasingly replaced by agricultural machinery and outsourcing of *** degree of feminization of the decision-making and production processes should be an important consideration when evaluating the purported negative effects of the feminization of agricultural labor.

关键词： feminization agricultural labor production decision-making control production management control

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The feminization of migration in the Pearl River Delta

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第2期8卷 1-15页

作者： DAI FanGuangzhou English Language Center, Zhongzhan University, Guangzhou 510275

This paper is part of a comprehensive study of the new mobility in China, with a focus on women who have migrated to the southern city of Guangzhou. In China, as in many other developing countries around the world, women now make up an increasingly large proportion of the total number of migrants. This paper reports on the results of interviews conducted with 67 women migrants currently living in Guangzhou. The urban experiences of the women migrants enable them to realize the importance of education. For the most part, the subjects are aware that their lack of education renders them uncompetitive in the mainstream urban economy, and they are resigned to the fact that they will have to return home eventually because they do not have legal status to stay in the city in question. Their exposure to the city and their newfound emphasis on the importance of education, could work positively to stimulate modernization in their home villages.

关键词： feminization migration Pearl River Delta China

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Effects of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum"(haplotype B)on Bactericera cockerelli fitness and vitellogenesis

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 58-68页

作者： Angelica Albuquerque Tomilhero Frias Freddy Ibanez Azucena Mendoza William Mario de Carvalho Nunes Cecilia Tamborindeguy Department of Entomology Texas A&M University412 Heep CenterCollege StationTexasUSA DEM-Depto.de Agronomia Nucleo de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia AplicadaMaringaBrazil

"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum"(Lso)are phloem-restricted and unculturable Gram-negative *** five haplotypes have been identified worldwide;but only haplotypes A and B are associated with the vector Bactericera cockerelli(Sulc.)in the *** studies showed that Lso-infection reduces *** reproductive output and that Lso haplotype B is more pathogenic than Lso haplotype *** understand the interaction of Lso haplotype B and ***,the fitness of Lso-free and Lso B-infected insects,and the expression of vitellogenin(5cKg7-like),a gene involved directly in the insect reproduction were *** differences in the number of eggs oviposited,and the total number of progeny nymphs and adults were found among crosses of insects with or without *** differences in sex proportions were found between Lso B-infected and Lso-free crosses:a higher proportion of Fi adult females were obtained from Lso B-infected mothers.A significant reduction of BcVgl-like was observed in crosses performed with Lso B-infected females compared to the Lso-free *** female cohorts of different age,a significant reduction of BcVgl-like expression was measured in 7-d-old Lso B-infected females(virgin and mated)compared with 7-d-old Lso-free females(virgin and mated),*** reduction of BcVgl-like transcript was associated with a lower number of developing oocytes observed in female5s reproductive ***,this study represents the first step to understand the interaction of Lso B with ***,highlighting the effect of Lso B infection on egg production,BcVgl-like expression,and oocyte development.

关键词： feminization insect-pathogen interaction oviposition psyllids reproduction vitellogenesis

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Journal of Sports Science 2017年第2期5卷 119-137页

作者： Sylvine Piekel Chevalier Department of Tourism (ESTHUA) University of Angers Laboratory Eso Espaces & Sociétés UMR 6590 CNRS Angers Pays de la Loire 49260 France

From the end of the 19th to the dawn of the 20th century, technological development rendered the use of horse as source of energy and power progressively obsolete, promoting the displacement of its age-old utilitarian functions (transportation, work and war) as well as its social functions as a marker of distinction. Nonetheless, the advent of leisure society encouraged a redefinition of the horse and its social representations, a process spearheaded by the popular arts, especially those meant for child and youth audiences. The purpose of this article is two-fold. The first is to promote an understanding of the historical role of popular arts (literature, movies) in the evolution of the conceptualization of human-horse relationship and the concomitant entrance of horse riding into leisure society, marked by dual processes turning it into an ever-more female and youth-oriented practice. The second is to examine the actual influence of the popular equine arts and the alter ego horse paradigm that they have created on riders" current practices. The latter are examined in relation to diverse criteria such as age, gender, type of riding, length of experience, social status and nationality.

关键词： Human-horse relations alter ego popular arts children and youth feminization

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近代护理职业女性化中的性别协商

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妇女研究 2018年第6期

作者：马冬玲

以近代护理职业的女性化过程为例，从职业空间、服务对象、职业特征与职业回报四个方面，讨论这一过程中职业与性别文化协商的空间与策略。研究发现，一方面，现代的关于妇女独立解放和男女平等的话语为女性走出家庭进入职业提供了必要... 详细信息

以近代护理职业的女性化过程为例，从职业空间、服务对象、职业特征与职业回报四个方面，讨论这一过程中职业与性别文化协商的空间与策略。研究发现，一方面，现代的关于妇女独立解放和男女平等的话语为女性走出家庭进入职业提供了必要的支持性社会环境。另一方面，男女有别、男女授受不亲的传统思想合理化了护理对象对女护士的需求，护理职业特质的建构与中国社会对女性气质的期待合理化了女性与护理职业之间的匹配，职业回报的降低又进一步将男护士排挤出去。可以说，职业与性别文化的协商过程，既是用现代的解放话语为女性进入职业提供社会支持的过程，同时也存在对传统性别文化的妥协和权宜性的使用。职业与性别之间的适配性并非固定的，而是流动的、可协商的。

关键词：职业化女性化性别协商 Professionalization feminization Gender negotiation

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