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The future of feed formulation for poultry:Toward more sustainable production of meat and eggs

Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 71-87页

作者： Gene M.Pesti Mingan Choct Poultry Hub Australia ArmidaleNSW 2351Australia The University of Georgia AthensGA 30602USA The University of New England ArmidaleNSW 2351Australia

Current methods for feed formulation are based on minimizing costs,not maximizing *** models of bird growth and reproduction as functions of genetic,feed and other environmental variables are being developed,but their adaptation has been *** development of profit maximizing models will evolve to center on the production functions of broilers and *** production functions are the relationship between the value of products(mainly meat and eggs)and the cost of *** production function is the tool used to maximize profits subject to all the various inputs,not just feed or *** production function is subject to the law of diminishing *** most profitable output levels are those where the marginal value(price)of the meat or eggs is just equal to the marginal cost of the inputs including feed,housing,processing and all other *** that affects the production function,bird genetics,feed quality,housing and environment,will be considered to maximize profits for the poultry *** profit maximizing models of poultry firms will improve as various technical improvements are made:metabolizable energy to describe ingredients will evolve to net energy systems that consider that the heat production(and therefore energetic efficiency)of broilers is different depending on the ingredients used to formulate the feed and the environmental temperatures under which they are *** acid needs will include a method to find the birds’needs for the nonessential amino acids.“Digestible”amino acid assays will differentiate between digestion and absorption to best balance various *** carbohydrate fractions of feed ingredients will be determined to optimize the use of exogenous *** value of meat and egg co-products will reduce overall costs(e.g.,organic fertilizer for crop enhancement).Future profit maximizing production models will be ever evolving processes where field conditions and results are continually being utiliz

关键词： feed formulation Linear programming Non-linear Programming Econometrics

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Factors that Affect Pellet Quality： A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第9期5卷 717-722页

作者： Keysuke Muramatsu Andreia Massuquetto Fabiano Dahlke Alex Maiorka Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science Universidade Federal do Parana Curitiba80035-050 Brazil Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolis 88040-900 Brazil

Pelleting is the most popular thermal processing technique in poultry industry. Birds fed pelleted diets have greater feed intake and weight gain, and better feed conversion ratio. However, this better performance can only be achieved, if the pellets remain intact until they are ingested by the birds. Many factors may affect pellet physical quality, such as feed nutritional composition, ingredient particle size, conditioning temperature and time, feed moisture, etc.. Despite their importance, sometimes these factors are not managed properly, therefore, pelleted feed may not contain a high amount of intact pellets. In addition, the possible interactions among these variables may yield different responses in comparison with those expected when individual factors are considered. Very few experiments have been conducted to evaluate the impact of combined factors on pellet quality. This may be explained by the presence of many qualitative and quantitative factors in the manufacturing process. Research indicates that heat processing and feed formulation, especially fat inclusion level, are the factors which have the biggest influence on pellet quality. Strategies, such as the expansion process and fat inclusion restriction or post pellet liquid fat application could be implemented to produce high physical quality pellets. More research is needed to identify which factors have a positive or negative effect on pelleting process and to find new strategies to improve pellet physical quality.

关键词： Conditioning broiler feed formulation particle size pellet durability index pellet quality pelleting moisture.

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Economic and Market Analysis of Swine Rearing and Pork Production in Ghana

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第8期8卷 699-708页

作者： Kwamina Ewur Banson Josephine Nketsia-Tabiri Kweku Anno Emmanuel Kofi Dagbui Department of Technology Transfer Centre (TTC) Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute (BNARI) GhanaAtomic Energy Commission (GAEC) P. O. Box LG80 Legon-Accra Ghana SCD Consultants Ltd. Lion Street Off Yam Market Ecomog Road Haatso Accra Biological Filters and Composters Ltd P. O. Box 9686 Airport Acera Ghana Directorate of Animal Production Nungua Livestock Breeding Station Ministry of Food and Agriculture Box 5 779 Accra-North

Swine rearing and pork production has recently attracted the growing interest of Ghanaian farmers who seek diversification of enterprises and existing farmers looking for alternatives following a period of low profitability. Piggery was established to combine science and technology to generate innovations for anyone seeking to establish a new pig production enterprise. Results show that since 2008 to 2013, pork prices in Ghana rose rapidly between 115-120%. Also the rate of returns was higher at 43.62% compared to bank interested rate. feed, as a percentage of total costs, were minimised from 70% to 55% with integrated lactobacillus brewer spent malt as supplement to formulated feed. The piggery project was highly successful and invested capital was recouped within two years of project take-off. Collaborating with other farms, organisations and entrepreneurs, a lot of research innovations in the area of improving feed cost, animal nutrition, waste management practices, and breeding have been generated and shared with both small and large-holder pig farmers. In all aspect of the farm management, results achieved so far especially with pork carcass quality and profit margins are encouraging which have led to the expansion of the piggery project.

关键词： Waste management feed formulation black soldier fly lactobacillus investment appraisal.

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