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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第7期1卷 931-939页

作者： Seung Yeon Choi Youngsul Jeong Fairmont Preparatory Academy Anaheim 92801 CA USA Department of Natural Sciences Washington Baptist University Annandale 22003 VA USA

The coastal zone is the significant environmental setting where ocean interfaces land. In addition, it is economically important because of its high residential, commercial and recreational values. Meanwhile, in the United States, public coastal areas are increasingly off-limits due to elevated levels of fecal pollution and other contaminants. This study investigates the effects of rainfall, discharge, wave, and alongshore transport on coastal FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at adjacent beaches in Orange County, California, over three years＇ period from October 2001 to September 2004. In order to identify the dominant tempora land spatial patterns of fecal pollutions along the coastal beaches, Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis was utilized for the three-year measurements （n = 39,525） of FIB concentration data from 17 sampling stations. Through the data analysis and the empirical orthogonal function analysis, it was found that the dominant factor effecting coastal FIB concentration is precipitation event and consequent water discharge from Santa Ana River in the area. The Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis revealed the potential non-point FIB sources around northern part of Orange County beaches. In addition, this study confirmed the existing alongshore transport by wave-driven surf zone current and offshore tidal currents.

关键词： fecal pollution coastal water rainfall discharge alongshore transport.

Prediction of Coastal fecal Indicator Bacteria Concentrations Using Multivariate Data Analysis

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第4期1卷 440-447页

作者： Ki Beom Kim Jae Hoon Kim Youngsul Jeong Young Seon Jeong Sung-Jae Chung Walt Whitman High School Bethesda MD 20817 USA Washington Baptist University Annandale VA 22003 USA College of Engineering Khalifa University of Science Technology and Research Abu Dhabi UAE Marymount University Arlington VA 22207 USA

The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regression modeling of FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at the outlet of Talbert Marsh in Orange County, California. The multivariate data modeling utilized FIB and physical variables measurements （n = 5,580） collected during a series of longitudinal study of the Talbert Marsh. For the statistical prediction modeling in predicting the FIB concentrations at the outlet of the Talbert Marsh, multivariate analysis techniques such as PCR （principal components regression）, PLS （partial least-squares） regression and SVM （support vector machine） regression were adopted. Statistical modeling results suggest that the statistical modeling predictions are all fell within the reasonable range of actual measurement data. In addition, it is indicated that the accuracy of SVM regression for predicting FIB concentrations at the Talbert Marsh outlet is better than that of other models.

关键词： Multivariate statistical analysis fecal pollution coastal saltwater marsh.

Microbial Quality of Wastewater Used in Urban Truck Farming and Health Risks Issues in Developing Countries:Case Study of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第6期4卷 575-584页

作者： Leon W.Nitiema Savadogo Boubacar Zongo Dramane Aminata Kabore Poda Jean Noel Alfred S.Traore Dayeri Dianou Research Center for Biological Alimentary and Nutritional SciencesResearch and Training UnitLife and Earth SciencesUniversity of OuagadougouOuagadougouBurkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Researches Institute for Health Sciences ResearchOuagadougouBurkina Faso

Urban truck farming in developing countries appears of great importance to overcome unemployment and poverty. However, the quality of wastewater used for such activity could expose populations to waterborne diseases. The microbial quality of wastewaters used for truck farming in Ouagadougou city, was examined for the presence of bacterial and parasitological fecal indicators during the dry-hot season (May) and the wet season (July) in 2012. The wastewaters of three water reservoirs and two canals intensively used for truck farming were analyzed throughout the study. These indicators were also monitored in waste stabilization ponds during wastewater treatment in 3 plants of the city. For all the selected sampling sites, the concentrations of microbial indicators in water were significantly higher in the dry-hot season compared to the wet one (p - 53,800 CFU/100ml for Escherichia coli, 8200 - 108,400 CFU/100ml for fecal coliforms, 650 - 45,000 CFU/100ml) for fecal streptococcus, and 0 - 2.4 eggs/l for helminthes during the study periods. For wastewater under treatment in waste stabilization ponds, significant microbial concentration drops (p 0.0001) in the range of 82% - 100%, 78% - 98%, 60% - 100% and 82% - 88%, respectively were recorded between the anaerobic and the maturation ponds. The later results highlighted that improving the refining performances of the waste stabilization ponds technology could help decreasing health risks related to wastewater reuse in urban agriculture for a sustainable development of cities in developing countries.

关键词： Truck Farming Wastewater fecal pollution Health Risks Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Development of a sensor for the detection of Escherichia coli in brackish waters

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第3期4卷 200-202页

作者： Mancuso Monique Grossi Marco Rappazzo Alessandro Ciro Zaccone Renata Caruso Gabriella RiccòBruno Bergamasco Alessandro Institute for Coastal Marine Environment(IAMC-CNR)-Section of Messina Spianata S.Raineri 8698122Italy Department of Electronic Engineering(D.E.I.S.)Bologna-University of Bologna Via Zamboni 3340126 BolognaItaly

Monitoring of bacterial pathogens is important for marine environmental protection,because the presence of these microorganisms can be a serious risk for human *** this reason,a portable sensor implemented as an electronic embedded system featuring disposable measurement cells was used to evaluate the ability and sensitivity of detection of Escherichia coli(***)as an indicator of fecal pollution in transitional environments and a water sample added with ***(10^(2) CFU/mL)was *** first result obtained from the laboratory experiment seems promising for the determination of *** in environmental samples,though further improvements will be needed for the field application of this sensor in marine and brackish waters.

关键词： Monitoring Waters Escherichia coli Portable sensor fecal pollution Environment

Investigation of fecal coliform and typical enteric virus in representative beaches of China

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Marine Science Bulletin 2011年第2期13卷 72-82页

作者：樊景凤明红霞吴立军梁玉波李雪国家海洋环境监测中心辽宁大连116023 南开大学环境科学与工程学院国家教育部重点实验室天津300071 中科院武汉病毒研究所湖北武汉430071 国家海洋信息中心天津300171

Through investigating ten recreational marine beaches in China, we aimed to detect the occurrence of human enteric viruses in coastal bathing beaches and find a correlationship, if any, between the presence of enteric viruses in surface seawater and the concentrations of fecal coliforms, the conventional indicator of fecal pollution. In this study, twenty seawater samples were assayed for fecal coliforms and human pathogenic enteric viruses （hepatitis A viruses, rotaviruses, polioviruses） analysis. Enteric viruses were detected by RT-PCR, in 20 sample sites, 5%, 40%, 40% were positive for the presence of human hepatitis A viruses, rotaviruses, polioviruses, respectively. Seven of 20 sites are suffering from severe fecal contamination, based on traditional plate counts of fecal coliform outnumbering the established thresholds for recreation. Additionally, statistical analysis presented that no correlation was found between bacterial indicators and viruses in surface seawaters. The data confirmed that indicator bacteria in water are not reflective of the presence of enteric viruses in marine waters. Thus, current recreational water quality standards of both bacterial and viral indices should be reevaluated.

关键词： fecal pollution fecal coliform enteric viruses traditional indicator public beaches