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microbiota shaping — the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant on cognitive functions: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第39期27卷 6715-6732页

作者： Simone Baldi Tiziana Mundula Giulia Nannini Amedeo Amedei Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria CareggiFlorence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND Dementia is a chronic progressive neurological disease affecting millions of people worldwide,and represents a relevant economic burden for healthcare *** its pathogenesis is still unknown,recent findings have reported that a dysregulated gut-brain axis communication,a fundamental relationship mediated by several host and microbial molecules,is associated with cognitive *** addition,gut microbiota manipulation reduces neuroinflammation,improving cognitive function by restoring the functional gut-brain *** To better define the effects of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,and fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)on cognitive *** We performed a literature search of human randomized clinical trials to examine the effects of the administration of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,or FMT on cognition outcomes in healthy or sick people of every age,sex,and *** systematically searched Embase,Medline/PubMed,Cochrane Library,central and *** databases with a combination of comprehensive terms related to cognition and gut microbiota *** we carefully reviewed and synthesized the data by type of study design and setting,characteristics of the studied population,kind of intervention(strain type or mixture type,dosage,and frequency of administration),control treatment,inclusion and exclusion criteria,follow-up duration,and cognitive or memory *** After examining the titles and abstracts,the initial literature screening identified 995 articles,but we added 23 papers in our systematic *** analyses of these selected studies highlighted that both probiotic supplementation and FMT improved cognitive function regardless of the type and posology of administration and the adopted cognitive tests and *** found that most of the studies conducted in healthy people showed a significant positive effect of the intervention on at least one of the performed cognitive ***

关键词： Dementia Cognitive disorders Gut microbiota Probiotics Prebiotics fecal microbiota transplant

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Role of fecal microbiota transplant in management of hepatic encephalopathy: Current trends and future directions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 17-32页

作者： Yash R Shah Hassam Ali Angad Tiwari David Guevara-Lazo Natalia Nombera-Aznaran Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Harishankar Gopakumar Amir H Sohail SriLakshmiDevi Kanumilli Ernesto Calderon-Martinez Geetha Krishnamoorthy Nimish Thakral Dushyant Singh Dahiya Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical CollegeJhansi 284001India Faculty of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 15102Peru Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine GSL Medical CollegeRajamahendravaram 533296India Department of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad De Mexico 04510Mexico Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States

fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)offers a potential treatment avenue for hepatic encephalopathy(HE)by leveraging beneficial bacterial displacement to restore a balanced gut *** prevalence of HE varies with liver disease severity and *** pathogenesis involves ammonia toxicity,gut-brain communication disruption,and *** aims to restore gut microbiota balance,addressing these ***'s efficacy has been explored in various conditions,including *** suggest that FMT can modulate gut microbiota,reduce ammonia levels,and alleviate *** has shown promise in alcohol-associated,hepatitis B and C-associated,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** include improved liver function,cognitive function,and the slowing of disease ***,larger,controlled studies are needed to validate its effectiveness in these *** have shown cognitive improvements through FMT,with potential benefits in cirrhotic ***,trials have demonstrated reduced serious adverse events and cognitive enhancements in FMT arms compared to the standard of *** evidence is promising,challenges remain:Limited patient numbers,varied dosages,administration routes,and donor *** large-scale,controlled trials are essential to establish standardized guidelines and ensure FMT's clinical applications and *** FMT holds potential for HE management,ongoing research is needed to address these challenges,optimize protocols,and expand its availability as a therapeutic option for diverse hepatic conditions.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy fecal microbiota transplant Cognitive impairment Liver cirrhosis Chronic liver disease

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Awareness and attitude of fecal microbiota transplantation through transendoscopic enteral tubing among inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第17期8卷 3786-3796页

作者： Min Zhong Yang Sun Hong-Gang Wang Cicilia Marcella Bo-Ta Cui Ying-Lei Miao Fa-Ming Zhang Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnan Institute of Digestive DiseaseKunming 650032YunnanChina Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityHuaian 223300Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)has been used in China as a novel delivery route for fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)into the whole colon with a high degree of patient satisfaction among *** To explore the recognition and attitudes of FMT through TET in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS An anonymous questionnaire,evaluating their awareness and attitudes toward FMT and TET was distributed among IBD patients in two provinces of Eastern and Southwestern *** formats included single-choice questions,multiple-choice questions and sorting *** who had not undergone FMT were mainly investigated for their cognition and acceptance of FMT and *** who had experience of FMT,the way they underwent FMT and acceptance of TET were the main *** all the patients were asked whether they would recommend FMT and *** study also analyzed the preference of FMT delivery in IBD patients and the patient-related factors associated with *** A total of 620 eligible questionnaires were included in the *** survey showed that 44.6%(228/511)of patients did not know that FMT is a therapeutic option in IBD,and 80.6%(412/511)of them did not know the concept of *** than half(63.2%,323/511)of the participants stated that they would agree to undergo FMT through *** the patients who underwent FMT via TET[62.4%(68/109)],the majority[95.6%(65/68)]of them were satisfied with *** who had undergone FMT and TET were more likely to recommend FMT than patients who had not(94.5%vs 86.3%,P=0.018 and 98.5%vs 87.8%,P=0.017).Patients’choice for the delivery way of FMT would be affected by the type of disease and whether the patient had the experience of *** compared to patients without experience of FMT,Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients who had experience of FMT preferred mid-gut TET(P<0.001)and colonic TET(P<0.001),*** Patients’experience of FMT through T

关键词： Recognition fecal microbiota transplant Washed microbiota transplantation Transendoscopic enteral tubing Attitude

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Encyclopedia of fecal microbiota transplantation: a review of effectiveness in the treatment of 85 diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第16期135卷 1927-1939页

作者： Yun Wang Sheng Zhang Thomas JBorody Faming Zhang Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjngJiangsu 210011China Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjngJiangsu 210011China Center for Digestive Diseases SydneyNsW 2046Australia National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xi'anShaanxi 710032China

fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been used as a core therapy for treating dysbiosis-related diseases by remodeling gut *** methodology and technology for improving FMT are stepping forward,mainly including washed microbiota transplantation(WMT),colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)for microbiota delivery,and purified Firmicutes spores from fecal *** improve the understanding of the clinical applications of FMT,we performed a systematic literature review on FMT published from 2011 to ***,we provided an overview of the reported clinical benefits of FMT,the methodology of processing FMT,the strategy of using FMT,and the regulations on FMT from a global perspective.A total of 782 studies were included for the final *** present review profiled the effectiveness from all clinical FMT uses in 85 specific diseases as eight categories,including infections,gut diseases,microbiotagut-liver axis,microbiotagut-brain axis,metabolic diseases,oncology,hematological diseases,and other *** many further controlled trials will be needed,the dramatic increasing reports have shown the promising future of FMT for dysbiosis-related diseases in the gut or beyond the gut.

关键词： fecal microbiota transplant Washed microbiota transplantation Transendoscopic enteral tube Spore Clostridioides difficile Methodology microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Radiation injury and gut microbiota-based treatment

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Protein & Cell 2024年第2期15卷 83-97页

作者： Weihong Wang Bota Cui Yongzhan Nie Lijuan Sun Faming Zhang Department of microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210011China Department of Microbiotherapy Sir Run Run HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xi'an 710032China Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China

The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury(RI).RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs,yet effective treatments are currently *** evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various *** article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible *** also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI,including probiotics,metabolites,and microbiota ***,a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.

关键词： microbiome ionizing radiation radiation-induced injury short-chain fatty acids fecal microbiota transplant washed microbiota transplantation war nuclear microbiota medicine

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Dynamic gut microbiome-metabolome in cationic bovine serum albumin induced experimental immune-complex glomerulonephritis and effect of losartan and mycophenolate mofetil on microbiota modulation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第4期14卷 562-577页

作者： Wenying Shi Zhaojun Li Weida Wang Xikun Liu Haijie Wu Xiaoguang Chen Xunrong Zhou Sen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants College of PharmacyGuizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&DGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang550004China Department of Medicine Solna Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska University Hospital and Karolinska InstituteStockholm17176Sweden Department of Pharmacy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang550001China

Dynamic changes in gut dysbiosis and metabolomic dysregulation are associated with immune-complex glomerulonephritis(ICGN).However,an in-depth study on this topic is currently ***,we report an ICGN model to address this *** was induced via the intravenous injection of cationized bovine serum albumin(c-BSA)into Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats for two weeks,after which mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)and losartan were administered *** and six weeks after ICGN establishment,fecal samples were collected and 16S ribosomal DNA(rDNA)sequencing and untargeted metabolomic were *** microbiota transplantation(FMT)was conducted to determine whether gut normali-zation caused by MMF and losartan contributed to their renal protective effects.A gradual decline in microbial diversity and richness was accompanied by a loss of renal *** 18 genera were found to have significantly different relative abundances between the early and later stages,and Marvinbryantia and Allobaculum were markedly upregulated in both *** metabolomics indicated that the tryptophan metabolism was enhanced in ICGN,characterized by the overproduction of indole and kynurenic acid,while the serotonin pathway was *** of losartan and MMF ameliorated microbial dysbiosis and reduced the accumulation of indoxyl conjugates in *** using feces from animals administered MMF and losartan improved gut dysbiosis by decreasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B)ratio but did not improve renal *** findings indicate that ICGN induces serous gut dysbiosis,wherein an altered tryptophan metabolism may contribute to its *** and losartan significantly reversed the gut microbial and metabolomic dysbiosis,which partially contributed to their renoprotective effects.

关键词： Immune-complex glomerulonephritis Gut microbiome Metabolomics fecal microbiota transplant Tryptophan metabolism

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Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease:A metagenomic,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomic-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1572-1587页

作者： Shi-Ju Chen Da-Ya Zhang Xia Wu Fa-Ming Zhang Bo-Ta Cui Yi-Hao Huang Zu-Lun Zhang Rui Wang Fei-Hu Bai Graduate School Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina Department of microbiota Medicine&Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570216Hainan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical ***,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been *** To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to *** We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical *** CD patients underwent *** clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the *** Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months *** microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical *** of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia *** addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the ***,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after *** WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s ***-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Clinical trials fecal microbiota transplant Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome

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Impact of cap-assisted colonoscopy during transendoscopic enteral tubing:A randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第39期26卷 6098-6110页

作者： Quan Wen Kang-Jian Liu Bo-Ta Cui Pan Li Xia Wu Min Zhong Lu Wei Hua Tu Yu Yuan Da Lin Wen-Hung Hsu Deng-Chyang Wu Hong Yin Fa-Ming Zhang Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung 807Taiwan Department of Gastroenterology Zigong Fourth People’s HospitalZigong 643000Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)requires double cecal intubation,raising a common concern of how to save cecal intubation time and make the tube *** hypothesized that cap-assisted colonoscopy(CC)might reduce the second cecal intubation time and bring potential benefits during the TET *** To investigate if CC can decrease the second cecal intubation time compared with regular colonoscopy(RC).METHODS This prospective multicenter,randomized controlled trial was performed at four ***≥7 years needing colonic TET were recruited from August 2018 to January *** subjects were randomly assigned to two *** primary outcome was the second cecal intubation *** outcomes included success rate,insertion pain score,single clip fixation time,purpose and retention time of TET tube,length of TET tube inserted into the colon,and all procedurerelated(serious)adverse *** A total of 331 subjects were randomized to the RC(n=165)or CC(n=166)*** median time of the second cecal intubation was significantly shorter for CC than RC(2.2 min vs 2.8 min,P<0.001).In patients with constipation,the median time of second cecal intubation in the CC group(n=50)was shorter than that in the RC group(n=43)(2.6 min vs 3.8 min,P=0.004).However,no difference was observed in the CC(n=42)and RC(n=46)groups of ulcerative colitis patients(2.0 min vs 2.5 min,P=0.152).The insertion pain score during the procedure in CC(n=14)was lower than that in RC(n=19)in unsedated colonoscopy(3.8±1.7 vs 5.4±1.9;P=0.015).Multivariate analysis revealed that only CC(odds ratio[OR]:2.250,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.161-4.360;P=0.016)was an independent factor affecting the second cecal intubation time in difficult *** did not affect the colonic TET tube’s retention time and length of the tube inserted into the ***,multivariate analysis found that only endoscopic clip number(OR:2.201,95%CI:1.541-3.143;P<0.001)was an independe

关键词： Transendoscopic enteral tube Endoscopy Colonoscopy fecal microbiota transplant Washed microbiota transplant Colon

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Washed microbiota transplantation stopped the deterioration of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:The first case report and narrative review

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2023年第1期37卷 69-76页

作者： Gaochen Lu Quan Wen Bota Cui Qianqian Li Faming Zhang Medical Center for Digestive Diseases the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210011China Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210011China Department of Microbiotherapy Sir Run Run HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xi'anShanxi 710032China

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is known as a progressive paralysis disorder characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, and has an average survival time of three to five years. Growing evidence has suggested a bidirectional link between gut microbiota and neurodegeneration. Here we aimed to report one female case with ALS, who benefited from washed microbiota transplantation(WMT), an improved fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT), through a transendoscopic enteral tube during a 12-month follow-up. Notedly, the accidental scalp trauma the patient suffered later was treated with prescribed antibiotics that caused ALS deterioration. The subsequent rescue WMTs successfully stopped the progression of the disease with a quick improvement. The plateaus and reversals occurred during the whole course of WMT. The stool and blood samples from the first WMT to the last were collected for dynamic microbial and metabolomic analysis. We observed the microbial and metabolomic changing trend consistent with the disease status. This case report for the first time shows the direct clinical evidence on using WMT for treating ALS, indicating that WMT may be the novel treatment strategy for controlling this so-called incurable disease.

关键词： fecal microbiota transplant microbiome efficacy neurodegeneration amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Evidence-based approach to management of hepatic encephalopathy in adults

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 670-681页

作者： Gilles Jadd Hoilat Fathima Keshia Suhail Talal Adhami Savio John Department of Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function and represents one of the many complications of portal hypertension and decompensated liver *** ammonia is clearly implicated in the pathogenesis of HE,the pathogenesis of HE is multifactorial with numerous mechanisms that results in functional impairment of neuronal *** initial management of HE focuses on supportive care and stabilization which includes providing appropriate nutritional ***,focus should be on identifying and treating the precipitating *** are many therapeutic agents available for the management of HE,most of which are directed towards lowering the gut nitrogen load and thus the serum ammonia *** review aims to provide an update on the conventional and emerging treatment options for HE.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Lactulose Rifaximin fecal microbiota transplant Zinc L-ornithine L-aspartate

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