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fault tolerance in the Joint EDF-RMS Algorithm: A Comparative Simulation Study

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5197-5213页

作者： Rashmi Sharma Nitin Nitin Deepak Dahiya University of Petroleum&Energy Studies(UPES) School of Computer ScienceEnergy Acres BuildingBidholiDehradun248007UttarakhandIndia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science College of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of Cincinnati2600 Clifton AveCincinnatiOH 45221United States College of Computer and Information Sciences(CCIS) Majmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Failure is a systemic error that affects overall system performance and may eventually crash across the entire configuration.In Real-Time Systems(RTS),deadline is the key to successful completion of the program.If tasks effectively meet the deadline,it means the system is working in pristine order.However,missing the deadline means a systemic fault due to which the system can crash(hard RTS)or degrade inclusive performance(soft RTS).To fine-tune the RTS,tolerance is the critical issue and must be handled with extreme care.This article explains the context of fault tolerance with improvised Joint EDF-RMS algorithm in RTS.The backup method has been derived to prevent the system from being recursively migrating the same task.If any task migrates three times,this migrated task will get shifted to the backup queue.This backup queue assigns the task to a backup processor and is destined for final execution.For performance evaluation purposes,a relative graph between fault and failure rates,failure and total processor utilization along with other averages have been evaluated.Furthermore,these archived results are compared with fault-tolerant Earliest Deadline First(EDF)and Rate Monotonic Scheduling(RMS)algorithms independently in relatively similar conditions.These comparisons show better performance against overloading conditions.

关键词： fault tolerance joint edf-rms algorithm real-time systems(RTS) distributed systems migration

fault tolerance for Corporate Innovation:Evidence from the Reform of State-owned Enterprises

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Frontiers of Business Research in China 2023年第1期17卷 126-159页

作者： ZHUANG Qinqin LIN Ruixing LUO Weijie Institute of Quantitative&Technical Economics Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100732China Said Business School University of OxfordOxfordEnglandOX11HPUK Center for China Fiscal Development Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 102206China

Innovation is the source of power for high-quality development,and a relaxed institutional arrangement is a necessity for promoting innovation in enterprises.This paper examines the impact of fault tolerance on corporate innovation,theoretically analyzes the positive effects of fault tolerance on stimulating innovation,and estimates the influence of fault tolerance on corporate innovation by using the panel data of listed manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2019,taking the quasi-natural experiment of fault-tolerance system in various places since the new round of stateowned enterprise(SOE)reform.This study finds that the fault-tolerance system has significantly improved the R&D investment and patent application of the pilot SOEs,but the incentive effect is mainly reflected in the utility model patents;fault-tolerance system mainly promotes corporate innovation by alleviating managers’career worries and improving governance ability.Furthermore,the fault-tolerance system is more effective for small and medium-sized SOEs with low market competition and can alleviate the restriction of agency cost on corporate innovation.In addition,the fault-tolerance system has not yet had a significant spillover effect on private enterprises.These results show that in the SOE reform,it is necessary to strengthen the institutional arrangement of fault tolerance and create a relaxed environment to encourage innovation;it is necessary to organically integrate fault-tolerancesystem design into executive measurement and corporate governance,promote faulttolerant system to be implemented in a wider range of enterprises,and enhance the incentive effect on high-quality innovation.

关键词： fault tolerance corporate innovation incentive mechanism stateowned enterprise reform quasi-natural experiment

Twin model-based fault detection and tolerance approach for in-core self-powered neutron detectors

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第8期34卷 86-99页

作者： Jing Chen Yan-Zhen Lu Hao Jiang Wei-Qing Lin Yong Xu College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power Co. Ltd.Fujian 350318China

The in-core self-powered neutron detector(SPND)acts as a key measuring device for the monitoring of parameters and evaluation of the operating conditions of nuclear reactors.Prompt detection and tolerance of faulty SPNDs are indispensable for reliable reactor management.To completely extract the correlated state information of SPNDs,we constructed a twin model based on a generalized regression neural network(GRNN)that represents the common relationships among overall signals.faulty SPNDs were determined because of the functional concordance of the twin model and real monitoring sys-tems,which calculated the error probability distribution between the model outputs and real values.fault detection follows a tolerance phase to reinforce the stability of the twin model in the case of massive failures.A weighted K-nearest neighbor model was employed to reasonably reconstruct the values of the faulty signals and guarantee data purity.The experimental evaluation of the proposed method showed promising results,with excellent output consistency and high detection accuracy for both single-and multiple-point faulty SPNDs.For unexpected excessive failures,the proposed tolerance approach can efficiently repair fault behaviors and enhance the prediction performance of the twin model.

关键词： Self-powered neutron detector Twin model fault detection fault tolerance Generalized regression neural network Nuclear power plant

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WiFi6 Dynamic Channel Optimization Method for fault tolerance in Power Communication Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5501-5519页

作者： Hong Zhu Lisha Gao Lei Wei Guangchang Yang Sujie Shao Nanjing Power Supply Branch State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.Nanjing210000China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

As the scale of power networks has expanded,the demand for multi-service transmission has gradually increased.The emergence of WiFi6 has improved the transmission efficiency and resource utilization of wireless networks.However,it still cannot cope with situations such as wireless access point(AP)failure.To solve this problem,this paper combines orthogonal fre-quency division multiple access(OFDMA)technology and dynamic channel optimization technology to design a fault-tolerant WiFi6 dynamic resource optimization method for achieving high quality wireless services in a wirelessly covered network even when an AP fails.First,under the premise of AP layout with strong coverage over the whole area,a faulty AP determination method based on beacon frames(BF)is designed.Then,the maximum signal-to-interference ratio(SINR)is used as the principle to select AP reconnection for the affected users.Finally,this paper designs a dynamic access selection model(DASM)for service frames of power Internet of Things(IoTs)and a schedul-ing access optimization model(SAO-MF)based on multi-frame transmission,which enables access optimization for differentiated services.For the above mechanisms,a heuristic resource allocation algorithm is proposed in SAO-MF.Simulation results show that the method can reduce the delay by 15%and improve the throughput by 55%,ensuring high-quality communication in power wireless networks.

关键词： WiFi6 OFDMA fault tolerance dynamic channel optimization cross-slot scheduling access

A fault-Tolerant Mobility-Aware Caching Method in Edge Computing

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 907-927页

作者： Yong Ma Han Zhao Kunyin Guo Yunni Xia Xu Wang Xianhua Niu Dongge Zhu Yumin Dong School of Computer Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330000China School of Digital Industry Jiangxi Normal UniversityShangrao334000China The College of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400030China School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu610039China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Company Ltd. Yinchuan750002China College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China

Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)is a technology designed for the on-demand provisioning of computing and storage services,strategically positioned close to users.In the MEC environment,frequently accessed content can be deployed and cached on edge servers to optimize the efficiency of content delivery,ultimately enhancing the quality of the user experience.However,due to the typical placement of edge devices and nodes at the network’s periphery,these components may face various potential fault tolerance challenges,including network instability,device failures,and resource constraints.Considering the dynamic nature ofMEC,making high-quality content caching decisions for real-time mobile applications,especially those sensitive to latency,by effectively utilizing mobility information,continues to be a significant challenge.In response to this challenge,this paper introduces FT-MAACC,a mobility-aware caching solution grounded in multi-agent deep reinforcement learning and equipped with fault tolerance mechanisms.This approach comprehensively integrates content adaptivity algorithms to evaluate the priority of highly user-adaptive cached content.Furthermore,it relies on collaborative caching strategies based onmulti-agent deep reinforcement learningmodels and establishes a fault-tolerancemodel to ensure the system’s reliability,availability,and persistence.Empirical results unequivocally demonstrate that FTMAACC outperforms its peer methods in cache hit rates and transmission latency.

关键词： Mobile edge networks mobility fault tolerance cooperative caching multi-agent deep reinforcement learning content prediction

An Optimal Cluster Head and Gateway Node Selection with fault tolerance

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1595-1609页

作者： P.Rahul B.Kaarthick Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology CoimbatoreThondamuthur641109Tamil NaduIndia

In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANET),Quality of Service(QoS)is an important factor that must be analysed for the showing the better performance.The Node Quality-based Clustering Algorithm using Fuzzy-Fruit Fly Optimiza-tion for Cluster Head and Gateway Selection(NQCAFFFOCHGS)has the best network performance because it uses the Improved Weighted Clustering Algo-rithm(IWCA)to cluster the network and the FFO algorithm,which uses fuzzy-based network metrics to select the best CH and entryway.However,the major drawback of the fuzzy system was to appropriately select the membership func-tions.Also,the network metrics related to the path or link connectivity were not considered to effectively choose the CH and gateway.When learning fuzzy sets,this algorithm employs a new Continuous Action-set Learning Automata(CALA)approach that correctly modiﬁes and chooses the fuzzy membership functions.Despite the fact that it extends the network’s lifespan,it does not assist in the detection of defective nodes in the routing route.Because of this,a new fault tolerance(NQCAEFFFOCHGS-FT)mechanism based on the Distributed Connectivity Restoration(DCR)mechanism is proposed,which allows the net-work to self-heal as a consequence of the algorithm’s self-healing capacity.Because of the way this method is designed,node failures may be utilised to rebuild the network topology via the use of cascaded node moves.Founded on the fractional network information and topologic overhead related with each node,the DCR is suggested as an alternative to the DCR.When compared to the NQCAFFFOCHGS algorithm,the recreation results display that the proposed NQCAEFFFOCHGS-FT algorithm improves network performance in terms of end-to-end delay,energy consumption,Packet Loss Ratio(PLR),Normalized Routing Overhead(NRO),and Balanced Load Index(BLI).

关键词： Hybrid-manet cluster head gateway node failure fault tolerance distributed connectivity restoration

SFSDA:Secure and Flexible Subset Data Aggregation with fault tolerance for Smart Grid

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2477-2497页

作者： Dong Chen Tanping Zhou Xu An Wang Zichao Song Yujie Ding Xiaoyuan Yang College of Cryptography Engineering Engineering University of PAPXi’an710086China Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security under the PAP Xi’an710086China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100080China

Smart grid(SG)brings convenience to users while facing great chal-lenges in protecting personal private data.Data aggregation plays a key role in protecting personal privacy by aggregating all personal data into a single value,preventing the leakage of personal data while ensuring its availability.Recently,a flexible subset data aggregation(FSDA)scheme based on the Pail-lier homomorphic encryption was first proposed by Zhang et al.Their scheme can dynamically adjust the size of each subset and obtain the aggregated data in the corresponding subset.In this paper,firstly,an efficient attack with both theorems proving and experimentative verification is launched.We find that in a specific scenario where the encrypted data constructed by a smart meter(SM)exceeds the size of one Paillier ciphertext,the malicious fog node(FN)may use the received ciphertext to obtain the reading of the SM.Secondly,to avoid the possibility of privacy disclosure under certain circumstances,additional hash functions are added to the individual encryption process.In addition,fault tolerance is very important to aggregation schemes in practical scenarios.In most of the current schemes,once some SMs failed,then they will not work.As far as we know,there is no multi-subset aggregation scheme both supports flexible subset data aggregation and fault tolerance.Finally,we construct the first secure flexible subset data aggregation(SFSDA)scheme with fault tolerance by combining the fault tolerance method with the flexible multi-subset aggregation,where FN enables the control server(CS)to finally decrypt the aggregated ciphertext by recovering equivalent ciphertexts when some SMs fail to submit their ciphertexts.Experiments show that our SFSDA scheme keeps the efficiency in implementing a flexible multi-subset aggregation function,and only has a small delay in implementing fault-tolerant data aggregation.

关键词： Flexible subset aggregation fault tolerance privacy preservation smart grid

fault tolerance on-chip: a reliable computing paradigm using self-test, self-diagnosis, and self-repair (3S) approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 31-47页

作者： Xiaowei LI Guihai YAN Jing YE Ying WANG State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

If your computer crashes, you can revive it by a reboot, an empirical solution that usually turns out to be effective. The rationale behind this solution is that transient faults, either in hardware or software,can be fixed by refreshing the machine state. Such a "silver bullet", however, could be futile in the future because the faults, especially those existing in the hardware such as Integrated Circuit(IC) chips, cannot be eliminated by refreshing. What we need is a more sophisticated mechanism to steer the system back to the right track. The "magic cure" is the fault tolerance On-Chip(FTOC) mechanism, which relies on a suite of built-in design-for-reliability logic, including fault detection, fault diagnosis, and error recovery, working in a self-supportive manner. We have exploited the FTOC to build a holistic solution ranging from on-chip fault detection to error recovery mechanisms to address faults caused by chips progressively aging. Besides fault detection, the FTOC paradigm provides attractive benefits, such as facilitating graceful performance degradation, mitigating the impact of verification blind spots, and improving the chip yield.

关键词： fault tolerance on-chip self-test self-diagnosis self-repair

fault tolerance Mechanism in Chip Many-Core Processors

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2007年第S1期12卷 169-174页

作者：张磊韩银和李华伟李晓维 Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China

As semiconductor technology advances, there will be billions of transistors on a single chip. Chip many-core processors are emerging to take advantage of these greater transistor densities to deliver greater performance. Effective fault tolerance techniques are essential to improve the yield of such complex chips. In this paper, a core-level redundancy scheme called N+M is proposed to improve N-core processors’ yield by providing M spare cores. In such architecture, topology is an important factor because it greatly affects the processors’ performance. The concept of logical topology and a topology reconfiguration problem are introduced, which is able to transparently provide target topology with lowest performance degradation as the presence of faulty cores on-chip. A row rippling and column stealing (RRCS) algorithm is also proposed. Results show that PRCS can give solutions with average 13.8% degradation with negligible computing time.

关键词： chip many-core processors yield fault tolerance reconfiguration network-on-chip

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