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farmers’perceptions on cultivation and the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by Garcinia kola in Nigeria

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 425-434页

作者： Onyebuchi Patrick Agwu Adama Bakayoko Saka Oladunni Jimoh Porembski Stefan WASCAL Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Biodiversity Universite´Felix Houphouet BoignyBP 165Abidjan 31Côte d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire(CSRS) UniversitéNangui AbrogouaAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire Department of Social and Environmental Forestry University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute for Biodiversity Research University of RostockRostockGermany

Background:Garcinia kola is an indigenous multipurpose tree species commonly found in the tropical rain forest zone of West and Central *** economic,ecological,and socio-cultural benefits for people,they have potentials to improve the regional and local income generation to the farmers but the cultivation of the species is very limited in ***:The study investigated cultivation and farmers’perceptions on the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by *** in *** questioners and interviews were *** data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic such as frequency,percentage,chi-square,and multinomial logit regressions with SPSS Version 20 and R software Version ***:The results show that farmers are presently not cultivating ***,and most of the available stands were inherited from *** farmers still believe it is only God that can make *** to germinate;however,information about the new improved methods of raising *** was not spread across farmers’*** 93%of these farmers were not aware of these new methods,and the only means they raise the species is by picking the wildlings that regenerate naturally close to mother tree and are rarely *** finding also shows that farmers are well aware of climate change and its impact on crop productivity is not clear to *** result shows that five explanatory variables(age,gender,marital status,education level,household size and primary occupation)are the main factors significantly influencing farmers’perception of climate change and the cultivation of the *** interview section,the farmers reported variability of Harmattan season influences fruit production of the species;according to them,increase in Harmattan season usually leads to increase in fruiting of ***:Based on our findings,all the 215 respondent interviewed agree that climatic variability influences the availabi

关键词： Garcinia kola Propagation Multipurpose species farmers Climate change Harmattan season

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farmers’risk preference and fertilizer use

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第7期20卷 1987-1995页

作者： QIAO Fang-bin HUANG Ji-kun China Economics and Management Academy Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100081P.R.China School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100089P.R.China School of Economics and Management Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045P.R.China

This study examines the role of farmers’risk attitudes toward fertilizer use in cotton production in *** previous studies,this paper theoretically shows that the relationship between farmers’risk aversion and fertilizer use is not always *** survey data were collected to test this relationship using the Cobb–Douglas production *** suggest that when the elasticity of fertilizer use and the probability of achieving the desired effects from fertilizer use are high,risk-averse farmers apply more fertilizer than risk-taking ***,when the elasticity of fertilizer use and the probability of achieving the desired effects are low,risk-taking farmers apply more fertilizer than risk-neutral or risk-averse farmers.

关键词： risk preferences fertilizer use farmers environment China

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Endosulfan residues and farmers’replacement behaviors of endosulfan in the north-west inland cotton region

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 35-47页

作者： Shuyan Zhou Yang Zhang Jingjing Wang Shikun Cheng Fuyan Zhuo Yun Hong School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083China Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100035China United Nations Development Programme in China Beijing 100600China National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center Beijing 100125China

We assessed the situation of endosulfan residues in cotton fields after the endosulfan ban came into effect and the current knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of cotton farmers on the phase-out of endosulfan and the application of alternative *** samples(n=91)of cotton fields were collected from the major cotton-producing areas in China,namely the north-west inland cotton region,and the endosulfan residues were analyzed.A KAP survey was carried out for cotton farmers,and 291 questionnaires were *** influences of gender,age,education background,cotton planting years,publicity and training,income sources,and other factors on cotton farmers’KAP were *** results showed that endosulfan sulfate was the main endosulfan residue in the soil,followed byβ-endosulfan andα-endosulfan,the average residual contents were 0.569,0.139,and 0.060μg/kg,*** results of the KAP study showed that cotton farmers scored low on knowledge about the phase-out of endosulfan and the application of alternative technologies but high on attitude and *** number of family members,years of cotton planting,age,and the cottonplanting area had different degrees of influence on KAP *** training could significantly improve the KAP scores of cotton farmers;training should be more targeted and designed reasonably for key groups,such as men and the population under 30,followed by training them to use pesticides *** large-scale cotton growers,training should focus on green prevention and control technologies.

关键词： Cotton fields Endosulfan residues farmers KAP survey Replacement behaviours

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Impact of insect-resistant GM rice on pesticide use and farmers' health in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第5期58卷 466-471页

作者： HUANG JiKun HU RuiFa QIAO FangBin YIN YanHong LIU HuaiJu HUANG ZhuRong Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of Technology China Economics and Management Academy Central University of Finance and Economics Department of Neurology Chinese PLA General Hospital

The economic benefits of insect-resistant genetically modified(GM) crops have been well documented, but the impact of such crops and the consequent reduction in pesticide use on farmers' health remains largely unknown. Through the analysis of the data collected from the physical examination from farmers in China, we show that GM rice significantly reduces pesticide use and the resultant not only visible but also invisible adverse effects on farmers' neurological, hematological, and electrolyte system. Hence, the commercialization of GM rice is expected to improve the health of farmers in developing countries, where pesticide application is necessary to mitigate crop loss.

关键词： pesticide use farmers health genetically modified rice insect-resistance

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Science and Technology Backyard: A novel approach to empower smallholder farmers for sustainable intensification of agriculture in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第8期18卷 1657-1666页

作者： JIAO Xiao-qiang ZHANG Hong-yan MA Wen-qi WANG Chong LI Xiao-lin ZHANG Fu-suo Center for Resources Environment and Food Security Department of Plant Nutrition/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Education China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R.China College of Resources and Environment Science Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 P.R.China

Sustainable feeding of the growing population in China without ecological destabilization is a grand challenge. In this populous country where agriculture is dominated by smallholder farming, developing innovative technology and translating scientific knowledge into action for smallholder farmers is a crucial step in addressing this challenge. Here, we present a novel approach for technology innovation and dissemination to achieve sustainable intensification in the fields of smallholder farmers. The Science and Technology Backyard(STB) is a hub in a rural area that links knowledge with practices to promote technology innovation and exchange. In this study, the framework and functions of STB are introduced, and the key implications for sustainable intensification across millions of smallholder farmers are explicitly stated:(i) develop innovative technology based on stated demands of farmers;(ii) disseminate technology by innovative social service models though combined top-down approaches with bottom-up measures to enable smallholders in rural areas. This paper provides a perspective on transformation of small-scale agriculture toward sustainable intensification in China and useful knowledge applicable to other developing countries.

关键词： smallholder farmers sustainable intensification technology innovation technology transfer Science and Technology Backyard

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Developing sustainable summer maize production for smallholder farmers in the North China Plain: An agronomic diagnosis method

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第8期18卷 1667-1679页

作者： CHEN Guang-feng CAO Hong-zhu CHEN Dong-dong ZHANG Ling-bo ZHAO Wei-li ZHANG Yu MA Wen-qi JIANG Rong-feng ZHANG Hong-yan ZHANG Fu-suo College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R.China College of Resources and Environment Science Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of Education Beijing 100193 P.R.China National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing 100125 P.R.C hina

With an increasing population and changing diet structure, summer maize is increasingly becoming an important energy crop in China. However, traditional farmer practices for maize production are inefficient and unsustainable. To ensure food security and sustainable development of summer maize production in China, an improved, more sustainable farmer management system is needed. Establishing this system requires a comprehensive understanding of the limitations of current farming practice and the ways it could be improved. In our study, 235 plots from three villages in the North China Plain(NCP) were monitored. Maize production on farms was evaluated;our results showed that the maize yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN) were variable on smallholder farms at 6.6–13.7 t ha^–1 and 15.4–88.7 kg kg^–1, *** farming practices also have a large environmental impact(nitrogen surplus:–64.2–323.78 kg ha^–1). Key yield components were identified by agronomic diagnosis. Grain yield depend heavily on grain numbers per hectare rather than on the 1 000-grain weight. A set of improved management practices(IP) for maize production was designed by employing a boundary line(BL) approach and tested on farms. Results showed that the IP could increase yield by 18.4% and PFPN by 31.1%, compared with traditional farmer practices(FP), and reduce the nitrogen(N) surplus by 57.9 kg ha^–1. However,in terms of IP effect, there was a large heterogeneity among different smallholder farmers’ fields, meaning that, precise technologies were needed in different sites especially for N fertilizer management. Our results are valuable for policymakers and smallholder farmers for meeting the objectives of green development in agricultural production.

关键词： smallholder farmers sustainable production yield gap agronomic diagnosis North China Plain

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Dual carbon goal and agriculture in China:Exploring key factors influencing farmers’behavior in adopting low carbon technologies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3215-3233页

作者： Jinpeng Zou Lulin Shen Fang Wang Hong Tang Ziyang Zhou College of Management Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Identifying the factors influencing farmers’adoption of low-carbon technologies(FA)and understanding their impacts are essential for shaping effective agricultural policies amied at emission reduction and carbon sequestration in *** study employs a meta-analysis of 122 empirical studies,delves into 23 driving factors affecting FA and addresses the inconsistencies present in the existing *** systematically examine the effect size,source of heterogeneity,and time-accumulation effect of the driving factors on *** find that significant heterogeneity in the factors influencing FA,except for farming experience,sources of heterogeneity from the survey zone,methodology model,technological attributes,report source,financial support,and the sampling ***,age,farming experience,and adoption cost negatively correlate with *** contrast,educational level,health status,technical training,economic and welfare cognition,land contract,soil quality,terrain,information accessibility,demonstration,government promotion,government regulation,government support,agricultural cooperatives member,peer effect,and agricultural income ratio demonstrate a positive ***,demonstration and age show a particularly strong ***,the effect of demonstration,age,economic and welfare cognition,farming experience,land contract,soil quality,information accessibility,government promotion,and support,as well as agricultural cooperative membership and peer effects on FA,are generally stable but exhibit varying degrees of attenuation over *** effect of village cadre,family income,farm scale,gender,health status,technical training,and off-farm work on FA show notable temporal shifts and maintain a weak correlation with *** study contributes to shaping China’s current low-carbon agriculture policies across various *** encourages policymakers to comprehensively consider the stability of key factors,other potential factors,technologic

关键词： farmers influencing factors low-carbon technology adoption meta-analysis

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A test on adverse selection of farmers in crop insurance:Results from Inner Mongolia,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 478-485页

作者： ZHAO Yuan-feng CHAI Zhi-hui Michael S.Delgado Paul V.Preckel College of Economics and Management Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue University

Adverse selection is an operating risk of crop insurance. Based on survey data on crop insurance collected by questionnaires in Inner Mongolia, China, the paper uses non-parametric analysis and econometric models to estimate the relationship between conditions for crop production and farmers＇ insurance decision in order to test the existence of farmers＇ adverse selection. The results show farmers＇ adverse selection does exist, but settling a claim by negotiation and premium subsidy from governments at all levels can defuse farmers＇ adverse selection under the current system of crop insurance. Risk regionalization, heterogeneous insurance contract and product innovation may decrease adverse selection to some extent.

关键词： crop insurance farmers adverse selection

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Changes in Agricultural System as farmers Adapt to Economic-Social and Climatic Changes in the Min Upriver Rural Areas in Western Sichuan,Southwestern China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第3期12卷 747-758页

作者： ZHANG Long-jiang TANG Ya LIU Ben-hong Department of Environment College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan University

Rapid economic growth in China has brought about great economic-social changes in rural areas, having considerable impact on the society in economy and environment. With a per capita possession of about 0.08 ha of cropland, Chinese farmers in rural areas adopt various ways in response to these changes in a bit to maintain their livelihood, wherein the agricultural system is facing one more options possible. To understand how rural communities have used different mechanisms to adapt to the economic and natural changes, we joined a survey in dry valleys of the Min upriver area under Maoxian county of western Sichuan province, southwestern China and visited the local people. Changes in the main crop cultivation have shown up an important means to keep up their household income. Farm households start seeking economic growth through diversified cultivating of cereal and economic crops in five lines, namely cereal, apple monoculture, apple and vegetables, plum and vegetables, mixed fruits and vegetables. These new lines mirror farmers' flexibility to cope with today's economic-social and climatic changes. The farming operation has changed all the more from a subsistence on grain to special agricultural products. Economic reforms in the early 1980 s motivated theprogress first in conversion of production from grain to fruits, and the desire to increase family income turned out to be an impetus for the subsequent events. At present, more farmers moving out of the rural areas, uneasy availability of labor force, increased opportunity cost of labors and their wages, increased farm size, and the urgent demand for the agricultural labor force, all these combine into the trend of the agricultural system of China on facing further economic-social reforms and reconstruction of the countryside across China.

关键词： Agricultural system Climate change farmers Economic impacts Social change MinRiver

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Pro-environmental analysis of farmers'concerns and behaviors towards soil conservation in central district of Sari County,Iran

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第1期5卷 43-49页

作者： Masoud Bijani Ezatollah Ghazani Naser Valizadeh Negin Fallah Haghighi Department of Agricultural Extension and Education College of AgricultureTarbiat Modares University(TMU)Tehran ***Iran Department of Agricultural Extension and Education College of AgricultureShiraz UniversityShirazIran Research Institute for New Technology Development Studies(RINTDS) Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology(IROST)Tehran ***Iran

This study aimed to pro-environmentally analyze farmers'concerns and behaviors towards soil *** research was a descriptive,causal,and correlational and conducted through a survey *** study population consisted of all farmers at the central district of Sari county,Iran(N=9621).Based on the Cochran's formula,120 farmers were selected using stratified random *** instrument employed in this study was a questionnaire with its validity being confirmed by a number of academic experts and agriculture specialists and its reliability being proved using Cronbach's alpha coefficients in a pilot study(outside the scope of the current study).(0.66≤α≤0.90).The results of the analysis regarding the effects of independent variables on the variables"soil conservation behavior"and"soil conservation concern"indicated that,among the variables affecting these two variables,the variable"attitude towards soil conservation"was the most powerful predictor of"soil conservation concerns"and the variable"social pressures on soil conservation"predicted farmers'"soil conservation behaviors"***,the independent variables used in this research could predict 42% of the variance in terms of soil conservation concern and 21% of the variance in terms of soil conservation *** findings can be practical and appropriate for executive officials since,instead of making efforts to direct change the behavior,they can first focus on conceptual changes and persuasive changes like changing attitudes towards soil conservation.

关键词： Soil conservation behavior Soil conservation concern farmers Sari County

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