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The Status and Role of Women

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China Population Today 1994年第3期11卷 13-16页

作者： $$$$

Women have enjoyed equal legal rights with men in politics, culture, education, work, property, marriage, and the family since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949. In 1949, 90% of Chinese women were illiterate; in 1992, the illiteracy rate for women dropped to 32%, whereas for males it was only 13%. In 1992, the proportion of women employed outside the home accounted for 72% of the total female population aged 15 years and older and 44% of the total number of employees. The total number of urban women employees increased from 600,000 in 1949 to 56 million in 1993. In urban areas, women generally receive 77.4% of the pay given to men; in rural areas, women receive 81.4%. The infant mortality rate dropped from 200/1000 in 1949 to 31.4/1000 in 1992. Life expectancy for women has risen dramatically from 36.7 years in 1949 to 72 years in 1992. Nevertheless, there is still relatively high mortality among female babies aged 0-4 years; and since the 1950s, there has been a major decline in the proportion of women breast-feeding their babies in both rural and urban areas. Over the past 4 decades, the mean age at first marriage has been increasing, and the majority of women now make their own decision regarding their marriage partners. China currently has 267 million families, and every year, about 10 million newly-wed couples are added to that figure. When the Eighth National People's Congress (NPC) was convened in 1993, women deputies accounted for more than 21% of the total. More than 300 women have been elected mayor or deputy mayor of China's 517 cities. In rural areas in particular, more opportunities for education and employment are given to sons, owing to traditional misconceptions and the need for boys to help on the farm. The All-China Women's Federation has organized women's groups. In the rural areas, women are being encouraged to obtain more education and develop skills.

关键词： Asia Behavior China Demographic Factors Developing Countries Eastern Asia Economic Factors Employment Status--women family And Household family Characteristics family relationships Income Income Distribution Inequalities Infant Mortality Mortality Population Population Dynamics Psychological Factors Sex Preference Socioeconomic Factors Socioeconomic Status Sons Value Orientation Women's Status

The Tragic Flavors in The Merchant of Venice

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Sino-US English Teaching 2013年第2期10卷 162-167页

作者： LI Bao-feng YIN Bin Harbin Engineering University Harbin China

The Merchant of Venice （1914）, as one of the greatest works by Shakespeare, is a comedy. It addresses various themes. It is much more than a study of the struggles between Christians and Jews; it also deals with love and self-sacrifice, hatred and revenge, and friendship and marriage. It is a victory of Christians against Jews. But, at a more profound level, the play is ultimately a tragedy which functions as a cautionary exposure on the social problems of prejudice, hypocrisy and the family relationships. The paper begins by addressing the prejudice that is a dominant theme throughout the play. It also contends that the hypocrisy is prevalent in Venetian society. Then, Shylock, as the tragic hero in the play is analyzed. The final part deals with the problem of family relationships. By exposing grave deficiencies in Venetian Society, the play obliges us to make a critical moral judgment on humanity and establish correct philosophy of life and values

关键词： tragic flavors prejudice hypocrisy family relationships

Nursing Care Provided to Families of Children with Leukemia in a Hospital

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第11期2卷 545-552页

作者： Roberto Firpo de Almeida Filho Larissa de Carvalho Santa Ritta Seabra Keila Cristina Pereira do Nascimento Oliveira family Health UNCISAL (Universidade Estadual de Ci~ncias da Sa(tde de Alagoas--State University of Health Sciences ofAlagoas) Rua Doutor Jorge de Lima l l 3-Trapiche da Barra Macei6-AL 57010-300 Brazil Oral Health Coordination of the Maceio's Municipal Health Secretaria Dias Cabral Street 569 Centro Macei6-AL 57020-250Brazil UFAL (Universidade Federal de Alagoas--Federal University of Alagoas) Av Lourival Melo Mota Ciudade UniversitariaMaeei6 AL 57072-900 Brazil UNCISAL (Universidade Estadual de Ci~ncias da Sa~de de Alagoas--State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas) RuaDoutor Jorge de Lima l l 3-Trapiehe da Barra Macei6-AL 57010-300 Brazil

The study aimed to analyze the actions of health nursing care provided to families of children with leukemia in a Private Institution ofMaceio. A descriptive, observational, exploratory, qualitative approach is used in the study. The categories were analyzed： link, empowerment and acceptance. It was noted about empowering the nursing staff has traits approach with children, with little attention to the preparation of the family for autonomy in patient care. As the host, it was observed that the nurse had praised in dealing with patients and relatives and solving problems; however with respect to the nursing staffthat activity was not evident. But the bond between the two parties was hindered by constant exchanges of staff in different shifts. It was evident traces ofa caregiver modeling by the nursing staff, but with drawbacks, hindering progress in caring for family members of children with leukemia.

关键词： Leukemia family relationships nursing care illness perception.

The Company Clusters Power in Tourism Destinations: The Network Configuration and the Business Organisation

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Chinese Business Review 2022年第1期21卷 5-15页

作者： Giovanni Ruggieri Salvatore Iannolino University of Palermo PalermoItaly

Better and greater coordination and integration between companies are essential for tourist destination development processes improving ***,it is difficult to imagine that all companies can *** this way,we can imagine finding a group of companies that,for several reasons,decide to cooperate,creating some clusters as small *** with stable connections with other clusters or relevant companies could be relevant and central to Tourism Destination(TD)*** this way,the knowledge of network articulation seems to be critical for TD management business *** most cases,the relationships are hidden and not formalised,increasing the complexity in TD *** presence of clusters is possibly vitrificated using the Social Network Analysis(SNA)*** present work could be framed in cooperative networks since it analyses the companies’commercial networks and clusters *** article focuses on how groupings of small firms can govern Tourism *** paper uses network indexes and metrics to emphasise structural features regarding the density and centrality of *** the main result,in the case study analysed,there is a relational framework where three clusters of companies with a high density of exchanges *** groups can influence the tourism business at the destination.

关键词： Social Network Analysis Tourism Destination(TD) family relationships cooperation