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facilitators of and barriers to emergency medical service use by acute ischemic stroke patients: A retrospective survey

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2017年第1期4卷 52-57页

作者： Cha-Nam Shin Kyungeh An Jeongha Sim College of Nursing and Health Innovation Arizona State University500 N.Third St.PhoenixAZ 85004United States College of Nursing Virginia Commonwealth University1100 E.Leigh StRichmondVAUnited States Department of Nursing Jeonju University303 Cheonjam-roWansan-guJeonju560-759South Korea

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify facilitators and barriers to emergency medical service use among acute ischemic stroke patients in ***: This paper presents a secondary analysis of a retrospective survey that collected data from questionnaires and medical *** 233 acute ischemic stroke patients enrolled in a large-scale study,160 patients who had arrived at a hospital within 72 h after symptom onset were included in the data ***: Users of emergency medical services needed a shorter time than non-users to arrive at hospital (140 min vs.625 min.,p =0.001) and were more likely to arrive at hospital within 3 h of symptom onset (51.9% vs.31.5%,p =0.013).For those who first contacted emergency medical service,the facilitators of emergency medical service use were the presence of hemiparesis (p =0.003),bilateral paralysis (p =0.040),and loss of balance (p =0.021).The predominant barrier was the failure to recognize the urgency of symptoms (p 0.006).Conclusions: The use of emergency medical services reduced prehospital delay and increased the likelihood of patient arrival at hospital within 3 *** that experiencing typical stroke symptoms was a facilitator of emergency medical service use yet failure to recognize the urgency of symptoms was a barrier,public awareness should be raised as regards stroke symptoms and the benefits of using emergency medical services.

关键词： Barrier Emergency medical services facilitator Social norms Stroke

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Creation of a Training Course Program for Cancer-Patient Group facilitators and Its Effects

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第2期7卷 268-276页

作者： Masami Chujo Department of Adult and Elderly Nursing School of Health Science Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Yonago Japan

Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of a facilitator training course focused on teaching beginners facilitator intervention skills. Intervention Method: One-and-a-half-day program combining education, role plays and relaxation. Methods: Participants were 11 participants, and of these 8 gave valid responses to our questionnaire. The scores of the participants on a facilitator intervention skills scale and on a scale of facilitator skills to cope with difficult situations were compared before and after the course, using SPSS16 for windows. In addition, the participants’ impressions before and after the course were analyzed qualitatively and inductively. Results: Seven of the 16 items on the facilitator intervention skills scale and 7 of the 12 items on the facilitator skills to cope with difficult situations improved the participants after the facilitator training. All participants indicated that they could understand the lectures. Their impressions changed from anxiety and enthusiasm to pleasure of learning and discovery of specific problems. Conclusion: The results suggested that the educational method created in this study, with emphasis on role-playing, is useful.

关键词： facilitator Group Therapy Training Cancer

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Crystal structure of a bacterial homolog to human lysosomal transporter,spinster

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Science Bulletin 2019年第18期64卷 1310-1317页

作者： Fu Zhoua Deqiang Yao Bing Rao Li Zhang Wang Nie Yan Zou Jie Zhao Yu Cao CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Institute of Precision Medicine The Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200125China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

Lysosomes break down various biomolecules and spinster is one of the major efflux carriers removing degradation products from lysosomal lumen to keep it in healthy size and proper *** it is well established that a dysfunctional spinster will cause enlarged lysosomes and in turn lead to developmental defects and abnormal behavior in animals,little was known about the transportation mechanism and substrate specificity of ***,we report a crystal structure of spinster homolog from Hyphomonas neptunium,HnSPNS,in its inward-facing conformation with and without substrate *** is crystallized in a monomer and a substrate-binding cavity was formed in the center of its transmembrane helices.A blob of electron density corresponding to its substrate was found in the cavity near a conserved residue,R42,which is locked in position by the interactions with conserved residues E129 and *** results suggest that human spinster serves as a transporter translocating negativelycharged lipophilic small molecules and E129 might serve as a switch to control the conformational change via its protonation-deprotonation cycle.

关键词： Major facilitator superfamily Transporter Spinster Membrane protein

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Learner Autonomy and Attribution： A Paradigm Shift in ELT in India

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Sino-US English Teaching 2013年第8期10卷 583-592页

作者： J. John Sekar The American College Madurai India

Learner autonomy and attribution impact English language acquisition. Learners should be encouraged to take the responsibility for their success or failure, and achievement or underperformance in the acquisition of English as an L2 （second language）. A paradigm shift can be visible on the part of teachers and students of English only when they are metamorphosed voluntarily into classroom facilitators and autonomous learners with changed duties and responsibilities. As facilitators, teachers closely monitor learners＇ attributions to their success/failure in English language courses. ＂Attribution＂ means ＂how learners learn about themselves and order uncertain environments＂. Teachers are very often unaware of learner attributions; so it becomes essential for them to increase their awareness of learner attributions so that they can become facilitators. Interaction is the only medium for acquisition of English in the classroom, and teachers can play the role of a catalyst only when they allow students to become leamers with autonomy and right kind of learner attributions. Autonomy implies accountability. Very often, learner attributions clash with teacher attributions. As long as there is a clash, teachers can never claim themselves as facilitators of learning. This paper identifies the attributions of Indian learners of English, and studies if they clash with those of teachers. It also finds out the means of minimizing the negative and undesirable attributions of both facilitators and learners. Two standardized research questionnaires were developed and administered among students and teachers to identify the attributions, and to detect the desirability and feasibility of learner autonomy in the Indian context.

关键词： paradigm shift learner autonomy leamer attributions facilitator learner self-access center

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一个基于Mobile Agent的课件搜索系统的框架设计

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小型微型计算机系统 1999年第8期20卷 609-614页

作者：韩耀伟张灵玲李俊潘金贵三枝武男坂上修二奥山明南京大学多媒体计算机研究所日本北海道信息大学

本文主要介绍了ＤＯＬＴＲＩ－Ａｇｅｎｔ（ＤｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄＯｐｅｎＬｅａｒｎｉｎｇＴｒａｉｎｉｎｇＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｒｅ－ｔｒｉｅｖａｌＡｇｅｎｔ）运行环境ＭＡＦ（ＭｏｂｉｌｅＡｇｅｎｔＦａｃ... 详细信息

本文主要介绍了ＤＯＬＴＲＩ－Ａｇｅｎｔ（ＤｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄＯｐｅｎＬｅａｒｎｉｎｇＴｒａｉｎｉｎｇＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｒｅ－ｔｒｉｅｖａｌＡｇｅｎｔ）运行环境ＭＡＦ（ＭｏｂｉｌｅＡｇｅｎｔＦａｃｉｌｉｔａｔｏｒ）的实现原理及其相关技术．ＤＯＬＴＲＩ－Ａｇｅｎｔ是将ＭｏｂｉｌｅＡｇｅｎｔ的概念引入网络信息搜索领域中来而设计的一个信息搜索系统，ＭＡＦ是ＭｏｂｉｌｅＡｇｅｎｔ的外部运行环境，包含如下组成模块：安全管理模块，移动智能体管理模块，移动智能体通信模块，移动智能体传输模块，移动智能体命名服务和移动智能体协作服务．

关键词： facilitator 课件搜索系统智能体 Internet网

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What Motivate Them to Speak More A Study on Students＇ Perspective

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Sino-US English Teaching 2011年第11期8卷 725-730页

作者： ZHANG Ling Yaliyuhua Middle School Changsha China

This study is about factors that may facilitate students＇ willingness to speak more in English class. Previous research has shown certain factors would increase class participation from educators＇ view, while in this paper, a survey was designed to find out what students themselves think would motivate them to speak more in class. The survey was given to a group of grade 9 students in a middle school in China. Among the elements that were selected in the survey, the result shows students tend to favor a friendly relationship with the teacher, a warm learning atmosphere, a lively teaching style, and variety interesting learning activities as well as supplemental materials in terms of more verbal participation. The finding reinforces the previous studies on these factors＇ positive roles in promoting students＇ motivation to speak more. This paper is expected to serve as a resource for professionals who work in the relevant area and draw more attention from educators, in particular those in the China context, on this topic

关键词： participation facilitator promote speak more

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A Critical Assessment of Communicative Language Teaching The Positive Aspects of CLT

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校园英语 2016年第33期 228-229页

作者：陈巧莲河南大学外语教研部

‘The basic idea behind the turn in the 1980 s and 1990 s towards Communicative Approaches was that communication was the central aim of human language and,therefore,must be the focus of the language *** assess this idea and consider how a communicative emphasis can be seen to have had positive influences within the language classroom.’

关键词： CLT facilitator Negotiator Fluency Accuracy

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网格环境下一个基于Mobile Agent的数字图书馆资源发现的框架设计

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现代情报 2006年第5期26卷 95-96,98页

作者：李欣荣西华大学成都610039

网格资源发现技术为数字图书馆发现资源文件和其它存储于桌面机的大文件提供了一种高效的解决方案,本文主要介绍了Mobile Agent facilitator在数字图书馆的实现原理及其相关技术。

关键词：网格资源发现数字图书馆 Mobile Agent facilitator

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旅游分销渠道中辅助商作用研究

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旅游管理 2016年第11期

作者：王京传吕兴洋李秋云

随着新型辅助商的涌现，辅助商的角色已然从传统的企业服务型转向顾客辅助型。这一转变，使得辅助商在旅游分销渠道之最主要的信息流程和付款流程中起到了重要的中介作用，从而产生了显著的辅助效应和竞争效应。为验证这两类效应，以去... 详细信息

随着新型辅助商的涌现，辅助商的角色已然从传统的企业服务型转向顾客辅助型。这一转变，使得辅助商在旅游分销渠道之最主要的信息流程和付款流程中起到了重要的中介作用，从而产生了显著的辅助效应和竞争效应。为验证这两类效应，以去哪儿网为例，利用近5年的百度指数数据对我国旅游在线预订市场中主要企业与辅助商之间关系进行统计分析。研究结果表明，去哪儿网作为顾客辅助型辅助商对原来行业中处于领导地位的携程网表现出明显的竞争效应，而对于处在跟随者地位的艺龙网则起到了显著的辅助效应。

关键词：旅游分销渠道辅助商竞争效应辅助效应 tourism distribution channel facilitator competitive effect assisting effect

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人工智能产品“协助者”与“替代者”形象对消费者评价的影响

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市场营销（理论版） 2022年第5期

作者：王欣朱虹姜帝夏少昂肖春曲

得益于人工智能技术的革新，人工智能消费市场近年来发展迅速。然而，消费者对人工智能产品仍存在担忧与焦虑，这些负面态度可能源于“人工智能取代人类”的感知所引起的身份认同威胁。本文提出，将人工智能的形象从替代者转变为协助者... 详细信息

得益于人工智能技术的革新，人工智能消费市场近年来发展迅速。然而，消费者对人工智能产品仍存在担忧与焦虑，这些负面态度可能源于“人工智能取代人类”的感知所引起的身份认同威胁。本文提出，将人工智能的形象从替代者转变为协助者，能够减轻消费者对人工智能产品的抗拒。本研究在具体的消费和服务情境中，考察人工智能产品形象（协助者vs.替代者）是否会对消费者评价产生影响，并探索其解释机制和边界条件。本文通过五个实验研究发现，相对于替代者形象，消费者对协助者形象的人工智能产品或服务的感知身份认同威胁较小，因而评价更高。这一效应受到消费者既有的人工智能风险观念和自我肯定的调节。具体而言，这一效应当消费者的人工智能风险观念较强时存在，而当消费者的人工智能风险观念较弱和给予消费者较强的自我肯定时则会消失。本研究结果丰富了消费者对人工智能态度的研究，从人工智能形象视角剖析了消费者对人工智能消极评价的来源，为人工智能产品和服务如何选择合适的形象定位和宣传语言提供了指导。

关键词：人工智能协助替代身份认同威胁消费者评价 artificial intelligence facilitator substitute identity threat consumer evaluation

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