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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第3期7卷 197-238页

作者： G.Shanmugam Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas at Arlington

Sedimentologic, oceanographic, and hydraulic engineering publications on hyperpycnal flows claim that （1） river flows transform into turbidity currents at plunge points near the shoreline, （2） hyperpycnal flows have the power to erode the seafloor and cause submarine canyons, and, （3） hyperpycnal flows are efficient in transporting sand across the shelf and can deliver sediments into the deep sea for developing submarine fans. Importantly, these claims do have economic implications for the petroleum industry for predicting sandy reservoirs in deep-water petroleum exploration. However, these claims are based strictly on experimental or theoretical basis, without the supporting empirical data from modern depositional systems. Therefore, the primary purpose of this article is to rigorously evaluate the merits of these claims. A global evaluation of density plumes, based on 26 case studies （e.g., Yellow River, Yangtze River, Copper River, Hugli River （Ganges）, Guadalquivir River, Rio de ]a Plata Estuary, Zambezi River, among others）, suggests a complex variability in nature. Real-world examples show that density plumes （1） occur in six different environments （i.e., marine, lacustrine, estuarine, lagoon, bay, and reef）; （2） are composed of six different compositional materials （e.g., siliciclastic, calciclastic, planktonic, etc.）; （3） derive material from 11 different sources （e.g., river flood, tidal estuary, subglacial, etc.）; （4） are subjected to 15 different external controls （e.g., tidal shear fronts, ocean currents, cyclones, tsunamis, etc.）; and, （5） exhibit 24 configurations （e.g., lobate, coalescing, linear, swirly, U-Turn, anastomosing, etc.）. Major problem areas are：（1） There are at least 16 types of hyperpycnal flows （e.g., density flow, underflow, high-density hyperpycnal plume, high-turbid mass flow, tide-modulated hyperpycnal flow, cyclone-induced hyperpycnal turbidity current, multi-layer hyperpycnal flows, etc.）, without an underpinning principle of flu

关键词： Density plumes facies model Hyperpycnites Submarine fans Tidal shear fronts Ocean currents Turbiditycurrents Yellow River Yangtze River

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Development model and Quantitative Prediction of Igneous Rock in S Oilfield, the Bohai Sea Area

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第5期11卷 174-185页

作者： Xijie Wang Jianmin Zhang Youchun Lai Shicong Lyu Jiaqi Liu Bohai Oilfield Research Institute Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd. Tianjin China

The structure of S Oilfield of Bohai sea area in China is located in the low uplift slope zone of the Dongwa Laibei area in the Huanghekou depression. The target interval of the oilfield belongs to the Paleogene layered structural oil reservoir under the influence of igneous rocks. Due to the widespread development of igneous rocks, and the diversity of igneous rock types, the structure is complex, and the lateral changes are intense. The differences in volcanic eruption intensity and volcanic materials made the igneous rock masses overlap each other, with rapid changes in lithofacies, and complex seismic reflection structures. Therefore, it was difficult to carry out fine characterization of igneous rocks. Based on the lithofacies model, lithofacies combination types, and seismic response characteristics of volcanic mechanisms, this paper summarized three types of development models of volcanic mechanisms in the study area. At the same time, through technical means such as stratigraphic slicing, seismic attribute extraction, and attribute optimization analysis, the spatial distribution characteristics of various facies zones of igneous rocks at different stages were described in detail, achieving precise prediction of igneous rocks in Bozhong S Oilfield. During the development process of the oilfield, the technical research results guided the optimization of well locations and provided technical support for the efficient development of the oilfield.

关键词： Igneous Rock facies model Volcanic Institutions Seismic Attribute

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