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Cloud Microphysical Processes and Atmospheric Water Budget during the 20 July 2021 extreme precipitation event in Zhengzhou,China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第5期37卷 722-742页

作者： Weixi SHU Danhong FU Hui XIAO Huiling YANG Yue SUN Xueliang GUO Yang ZHAO Jianfang DING Shujing SHEN Key Laboratory of Cloud–precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 School of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 Weather Modification Center of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450003 CMA Cloud–precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory Weather Modification CentreChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081

This study investigated the cloud microphysical processes and atmospheric water budget during the extreme precipitation event on 20 July 2021 in Zhengzhou of Henan Province,China,based on observations,reanalysis data,and the results from the high-resolution large-eddy simulation nested in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model with assimilation of satellite and radar *** results show that the abundant and persistent southeasterly supply of water vapor,induced by Typhoons In-Fa and Cempaka,under a particular synoptic pattern featured with abnormal northwestward displacement of the western Pacific subtropical high,was conducive to warm rain processes through a high vapor condensation rate of cloud water and an efficient collision–coalescence process of cloud water to *** conditions were favorable for the formation and maintenance of the quasi-stationary warmsector heavy *** formation through the collision–coalescence process of cloud water to rainwater accounted for approximately 70%of the total,while the melting of snow and graupel accounted for only approximately 30%,indicating that warm cloud processes played a dominant role in this extreme rainfall ***,enhancement of cold cloud processes promoted by latent heat release also exerted positive effect on rainfall during the period of most intense hourly *** was also found that rainwater advection from outside of Zhengzhou City played an important role in maintaining the extreme precipitation event.

关键词： extreme precipitation event microphysical processes atmospheric water budget large-eddy simulation

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Numerical Simulation of Summer extreme precipitation event in China by Using RegCM3

Numerical Simulation of Summer Extreme Precipitation Event i...

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中国气象学会2007年年会

作者：刘雅勤范广洲周定文华维李学敏 Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100081 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 Center for Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Research Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225

This study investigates the capability of the new regional climate model RegCM3 to simulate the summer extreme precipitation event over the whole China including the Tibetan *** comparison with in observations,the results demonstrate that RegCM3 model not only has ability to simulate the basic character of the temporal evolution of the area-averaged precipitation and the monthly mean precipitation spatial pattern,but also the daily precipitation intensity *** in the Tibetan Plateau region,the model simulation can provide more reliable information of local precipitation for the region of rare observation *** evolution and spatial distribution of the extreme precipitation event in the model are reasonable and comparable to *** work should be done to improve the performance of RegCM3 the several important regional biases in China.

关键词： regional climate model RegCM3 Tibetan Plateau extreme precipitation event

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Multiscale Combined Action and Disturbance Characteristics of Pre-summer extreme precipitation events over South China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第5期40卷 824-842页

作者： Hongbo LIU Ruojing YAN Bin WANG Guanghua CHEN Jian LING Shenming FU State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Cloud-precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences(ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The dominant frequency modes of pre-summer extreme precipitation events(EPEs)over South China(SC)between1998 and 2018 were *** 67 identified EPEs were all characterized by the 3-8-d(synoptic)frequency ***,multiscale combined modes of the synoptic and three low-frequency bands[10-20-d(quasi-biweekly,QBW);15-40-d(quasi-monthly,QM);and 20-60-d(intraseasonal)]accounted for the majority(63%)of the EPEs,and the precipitation intensity on the peak wet day was larger than that of the single synoptic *** was found that EPEs form within strong southwesterly anomalous flows characterized by either lower-level cyclonic circulation over SC or a deep trough over eastern ***-filtered disturbances revealed the direct precipitating systems and their life ***-scale disturbances are dominated by mid-high latitude troughs,and the cyclonic anomalies originate from downstream of the Tibetan Plateau(TP).Given the warm and moist climate state,synoptic-scale northeasterly flows can even induce *** the QBW and QM scales,the disturbances originate from the tropical Pacific,downstream of the TP,or mid-high latitudes(QBW only).Each is characterized by cyclonic-anticyclonic wave trains and intense southwesterly flows between them within a region of large horizontal pressure *** intraseasonal disturbances are confined to tropical regions and influence SC by marginal southwesterly *** is concluded that low-frequency disturbances provide favorable background conditions for EPEs over SC and synoptic-scale disturbances ultimately induce EPEs on the peak wet *** should be simultaneously considered for EPE predictions over SC.

关键词： extreme precipitation event dominant frequency band multiscale combined action disturbance chara-cteristics South China

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Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of extreme precipitation events in Liaoning Province

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2010年第10期1卷 39-42页

作者：王震王颖南京大学大气科学学院江苏南京210093 辽宁省气象局辽宁沈阳110001 辽宁省沈阳区域气候中心辽宁沈阳110016

Daily precipitation amounts from 1961 to 2005 in 35 observation stations in Liaoning Province were selected in order to study the temporal and spatial distribution of extreme precipitation *** dint of EOF,REOF,mean-square-error and other ways,the changes in different regions of extreme precipitation and distribution were *** analysis showed that,extreme precipitation in Liaoning Province could be divided into three areas,which were western Liaoning mountains and parts of northern areas,eastern Liaoning mountainous,near-coastal areas of Liaohe River *** the relatively large precipitation areas,extreme precipitation threshold was also higher,and vice *** lower frequency of extreme precipitation events had a greater contribution to total precipitation;extreme precipitation,total precipitation and total rain days had the greatest changes in the summer,and the least changes in the winter;number of days of extreme precipitation changes in each season were not great;the change of extreme precipitation was not obvious in the long term.

关键词： extreme precipitation event Spatial and temporal characteristic Twiddle factor Liaoning Province China

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Changing features of extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River basin during 1961-2002

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第1期17卷 33-42页

作者： ZHANG Zengxin ZHANG Qiang JIANG Tong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology CAS Nanjing 210008 China Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteoro ogical Administration Beijing 100081 China

The total precipitation of the highest 1 day, 3 day, 5 day and 7 day precipitation amount （R1 D, R3D, R5D and R7D） in the Yangtze River basin was analyzed with the help of linear trend analysis and continuous wavelet transform method. The research results indicated that： 1） Spatial distribution of RID is similar in comparison with that of R3D, R5D and R7D. The Jialingjiang and Hanjiang river basins are dominated by decreasing trend, which is significant at 〉95% confidence level in Jialingjiang River basin and insignificant at 〉95% confidence level in Hanjiang River basin. The southern part of the Yangtze River basin and the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin are dominated by significant increasing trend of RID extreme precipitation at 〉95% confidence level. 2） As for the R3D, R5D and R7D, the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin is dominated by significant increasing trend at 〉95% confidence level. The eastern part of the upper Yangtze River basin is dominated by decreasing trend, but is insignificant at 〉95% confidence level. The middle and lower Yangtze River basin is dominated by increasing trend, but insignificant at 〉95% confidence level. 3） The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are intensified over time. precipitation anomalies indicated that the southeastern part, southern part and southwestern part of the Yangtze River basin are dominated by positive extreme precipitation anomalies between 1993-2002 and 1961-1992. The research results of this text indicate that the occurrence probability of flash flood is higher in the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin and the middle and lower Yangtze River basin, esp. in the southwestern and southeastern parts of the Yangtze River basin.

关键词： extreme precipitation event linear trend continuous wavelet transform Yangtze River basin

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Improved forecasting via physics-guided machine learning as exemplified using“21·7”extreme rainfall event in Henan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1652-1674页

作者： Qi ZHONG Zhicha ZHANG Xiuping YAO Shaoyu HOU Shenming FU Yong CAO Linguo JING China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory Hangzhou 310017China Hebei Provincial Weather Modification Center Shijiazhuang 050020China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China School of Computer Science Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

As a natural disaster,extreme precipitation is among the most destructive and influential,but predicting its occurrence and evolution accurately is very challenging because of its rarity and *** the example of the“21·7”extreme precipitation event(17–21 July 2021)in Henan Province,this study explores the potential of using physics-guided machine learning to improve the accuracy of forecasting the intensity and location of extreme *** physics-guided ways of embedding physical features,fusing physical model forecasts and revised loss function are used,i.e.,(1)analyzing the anomalous circulation and thermodynamical factors,(2)analyzing the multi-model forecast bias and the associated underlying reasons for it,and(3)using professional forecasting knowledge to design the loss function,and the corresponding results are used as input for machine learning to improve the forecasting *** results indicate that by learning the relationship between anomalous physical features and heavy precipitation,the forecasting of precipitation intensity is improved significantly,but the location is rarely adjusted and more false alarms *** reasons for this are as *** anomalous features used here mainly contain information about large-scale systems and factors which are consistent with the model precipitation deviation;moreover,the samples of extreme precipitation are sparse and so the algorithm used here is ***,by combining“good and different”multi models with machine learning,the advantages of each model are extracted and then the location of the precipitation center in the forecast is improved ***,by combining the appropriate anomalous features with multi-model fusion,an integrated improvement of the forecast of the rainfall intensity and location is ***,this study is a novel exploration to improve the refined forecasting of heavy precipitation with extreme intensity and high variability,

关键词： extreme precipitation event Refined assessment Anomalous physical features Multi-model fusion Machine learning

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On the Climatology of Persistent Heavy Rainfall events in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第5期23卷 678-692页

作者：汤燕冰甘晶晶赵璐高坤 Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027

Persistent heavy rainfall events （PHR events） comprise one category of weather- and climate- related extreme events. Based on daily rainfall data measured in China during the period of 1951-2004, several quantitative criteria were developed to define PHR events by means of their precipitation intensity, temporal duration, spatial extent and persistence. Then a semi-objective classification based on these criteria was applied to summer daily rainfall data to identify all PHR events. A total of 197 events were observed during the study period. All events were further classified into 5 categories according to their comprehensive intensity; into 3 types according to their circulation regime; and into 8 groups according to the geographic locations of their rainbands. Based on these different classifications, finally, the behaviors of 130 PHR events identified as the most severe, severe and moderate categories since the year of 1951, including characteristics of the spatial and temporal distributions of their frequencies, intensities, and rainbands, were investigated in order to present a comprehensive description of the PHR events. The results will be helpful to the future study of revealing and understanding the processes that govern the production of the PHR events and to the improvement of the forecasts of the PHR events.

关键词： Persistent heavy rainfall extreme precipitation event China climatology

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Wet deposition and scavenging ratio of air pollutants during an extreme rainstorm in the North China Plain

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2017年第5期10卷 348-353页

作者： Pan Yue-Peng Zhu Xia-Ying Tian Shi-Li Wang Li-Li Zhang Guo-Zhong Zhou Yan-Bo Xu Peng Hu Bo Wang Yue-Si State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

Atmospheric wet deposition plays an important role in the supply of nutrients and toxic substances to terrestrial and aquatic environments. Although long-term（e.g. annual, multi-year） wet deposition is recorded well, pronounced and short-term changes in precipitation chemistry are less well investigated. In the present study, the precipitation chemistry and scavenging ratio of air pollutants were observed during an extreme torrential rain event（325.6 mm at the observation site） that occurred over 19–21 July 2016 in the North China Plain（NCP）. The scavenging ratio of particles showed a similar spatial distribution to that of the precipitation amount in the NCP, indicating the efficient removal of particulate matter due to the large amount and precipitation intensity of the storm. In addition, the scavenging ratio of water soluble ions was larger than that of organics and gaseous pollutants such as SO_2 and NO_2, likely due to their differences in water ***, raindrops incorporated more aerosol sulfate than gaseous compounds. Due to the heavy precipitation amount, almost all species in rainwater during this storm showed their lowest concentration but the highest flux compared with other rain events, indicating an important role played by this storm in terms of the substances received by the terrestrial and marine ecosystems of the region. However, the contribution of this storm to the annual chemical flux was lower than that of precipitation amount, indicating that the atmospheric compounds were scavenged below-cloud first and were then diluted by the cloud/rainwater. Future studies are needed in the context of the occurrence of extreme rainfall events in the NCP from the perspective of climate variability.

关键词： extreme precipitation event rain chemistry wet deposition

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