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Nonmetric Traits in Permanent Teeth as Clues to ethnicity in Vidarbha Subpopulation to Aid Forensic Profiling:Pilot Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 11-19页

作者： Vaishali Amarlal Sadhwani Nilima Prakash GLPradeep Rekha Patil Shubhechha Anand Khivsara Sabiha Mokashi Khan MGV’S KBH Dental College NashikMaharashtraIndia Oral Cancer Screening and Awareness in Cancer Screening Vertical Indian Cancer SocietyMumbaiMaharashtraIndia

Introduction:Nonmetric dental traits have a crucial role in ethnic classification of populations that help in forensic racial identification.Many studies have demonstrated the differences in the expression and frequency of dental traits between various ethnic groups for ancestry determination in the context of forensic dental anthropology.The present study is an attempt to assess the frequency and variation in nonmetric traits for establishing ethnicity in the Vidarbha subpopulation.Aim:The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and variation of nonmetric traits in permanent teeth for establishing ethnicity in the Vidarbha subpopulation.Materials and Methods:Participants of the Vidarbha subpopulation were selected by random sampling method.Molars,premolars,and incisors were evaluated for frequency of nonmetric traits,and variations were graded according to Dentoanthropological System of State University of Arizona criteria.Descriptive statistics,Chi-square test,and Student’s t-test were used for analysis of data.Results:The most common occlusal morphology in mandibular first and second molar was 5 cusp and 4 cusp,respectively,with the“+”groove pattern.Cusp 3 and cusp 4 were observed frequently in the maxillary molars.One lingual cusp was most commonly seen in mandibular premolars show while incisors showed faint shoveling.Conclusion:Our study concludes that nonmetric traits were present and showed variation in permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth among the Vidarbha subpopulation.Cusp 5 and Cusp 4 in first and second mandibular molars,respectively,groove pattern“+”and grade 1 protostylid were the most frequent grades observed in permanent mandibular molars.One lingual cusp was most commonly seen in mandibular premolars and faint shoveling was a notable feature in incisors of this population.

关键词： Cusp number ethnicity forensic anthropology molar protostylid

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Evaluation of Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Values for 28,016 Bulgarian Women: Prognostic Statistical Model of Age Specific AMH Declining

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 651-673页

作者： Martin Vladimirov Evan Gatev Desislava Tacheva Aleksandra Kalacheva Milena Bojilova Serpil Izet Alexander Angelov Nedyalko Kalatchev Iavor K. Vladimirov Sbalagrm-Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Bulgarian Academy of Science Institute of Molecular Biology Sofia Bulgaria Department of Cytology-Histology and Embryology Sofia University &#8220St. Kliment Ohridski&#8221 Sofia Bulgaria Cibalab Boulevard &#8220Akademik Ivan Evstratiev Geshov&#8221 Sofia Bulgaria Synevo Bulgaria Sofia Bulgaria

The present study aims to establish a relationship between serum AMH levels and age in a large group of women living in Bulgaria, as well as to establish reference age-specific AMH levels in women that would serve as an initial estimate of ovarian age. A total of 28,016 women on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria were tested for serum AMH levels with a median age of 37.0 years (interquartile range 32.0 to 41.0). For women aged 20 - 29 years, the Bulgarian population has relatively high median levels of AMH, similar to women of Asian origin. For women aged 30 - 34 years, our results are comparable to those of women living in Western Europe. For women aged 35 - 39 years, our results are comparable to those of women living in the territory of India and Kenya. For women aged 40 - 44 years, our results were lower than those for women from the Western European and Chinese populations, close to the Indian and higher than Korean and Kenya populations, respectively. Our results for women of Bulgarian origin are also comparable to US Latina women at age 30, 35 and 40 ages. On the base on constructed a statistical model to predicting the decline in AMH levels at different ages, we found non-linear structure of AMH decline for the low AMH 3.5) the dependence of the decline of AMH on age was confirmed as linear. In conclusion, we evaluated the serum level of AMH in Bulgarian women and established age-specific AMH percentile reference values based on a large representative sample. We have developed a prognostic statistical model that can facilitate the application of AMH in clinical practice and the prediction of reproductive capacity and population health.

关键词： Anti-Müllerian Hormone Women Age Ovarian Response ethnicity Prognostic Statistical Model

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“民族性”概念的语词谱系——基于语词渊源和语词形义的考察

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民族学刊 2024年

作者：汪雨涵武汉大学法学院

民族性概念有着复杂的语词谱系，由它的母体概念“民族”的语词支系和自身概念的语词支系构成。在词源和词形层面上，在英语中，民族性的重要语词形式ethnicity和nationality，分别由ethnic和nation派生而来。在中文里，“民族性”既是... 详细信息

民族性概念有着复杂的语词谱系，由它的母体概念“民族”的语词支系和自身概念的语词支系构成。在词源和词形层面上，在英语中，民族性的重要语词形式ethnicity和nationality，分别由ethnic和nation派生而来。在中文里，“民族性”既是中文民族一词的衍生，也是ethnicity和nationality的译词。在词义层面上，ethnic和nation不仅为ethnicity和nationality的意义提供了载体，也制约着民族性意义的发展方向。nationality和ethnicity都被解释为民族特性，但前者偏重政治意义，后者偏重于文化意义，而作为译词的中文“民族性”长期受制于这两种解释。因此，民族性这一概念虽然有着固定的语词形式，却表达着变动的语词含义。从历史维度看，民族性的语词含义大致沿着生物意义向政治意义转换，再到文化意义的兴起的轨迹发展，标志着人类在看待自己与他人的关系上，态度所发生的深刻变化。

关键词： ethnicity Nationality 民族性政治意义文化意义

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Do inflammatory bowel disease patient preferences from treatment outcomes differ by ethnicity and gender?A cross-sectional observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第35期10卷 12899-12908页

作者： Timna Naftali Vered Richter Amir Mari Tawfik Khoury Haim Shirin Efrat Broide Institute of Gastroenterology Meir Medical CenterKfar-saba 4428164Israel Department of Gastroenterology Shamir Medical CenterZerifin 70300Israel Department of Gastroenterology Nazareth HospitalNazareth 16100Israel Shamir(Assaf Harofeh)Medical Center Affiliated to Sackler School of MedicineThe Gonczarowski Family Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesTel Aviv UniversityZerifin 70300Israel Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Asaf Harofeh Medical CenterZrifin 70300Israel

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients’expectations of treatment outcomes may differ by ethnicity.AIM To investigate treatment preferences of Jewish and Arabs patients.METHODS This prospective survey ranked outcomes treatment preferences among Arab IBD patients,based on the 10 IBD-disk items compared to historical data of Jews.An anonymous questionnaire in either Arabic or Hebrew was distributed among IBD patients.Patients were required to rank 10 statements describing different aspects of IBD according to their importance to the patients as treatment goals.Answers were compared to the answers of a historical group of Jewish patients.RESULTS IBD-disk items of 121 Arabs were compared to 240 Jewish patients.The Jewish patients included more females,[151(62.9%)vs 52(43.3%);Pethnicity(OR 4.77;95%CI 2.36-9.61,P<0.001)and disease activity.The more active the disease,the greater the odds ratio for higher ranking of the questionnaire items(1-2 attacks per year:OR 2.13;95%CI 1.02-4.45,P=0.043;and primarily active disease:OR 5.29;95%CI 2.30-12.18,P<0.001).Factors inversely associated with higher patient preference were male gender(OR 0.5;95%CI 0.271-0.935,P=0.030),UC(OR 0.444;95%CI 0.241-0.819,P=0.009),and above average income level(OR 0.267;95%CI:0.124-0.577,P=0.001).CONCLUSION The highest priority for treatment outcome

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Patients’preferences ethnicity IBD-disk Patients reported outcomes

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Does ethnicity and education influence preoperative disability and expectations in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第10期9卷 220-228页

作者： Madeline Therese Kudibal Thomas Kallemose Anders Troelsen Henrik Husted Kirill Gromov Department of Orthopedic Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Clinical Research Centre Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre

AIM To investigate whether minority ethnicity and the duration of education influence preoperative disability and expectations in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.METHODS We prospectively included 829 patients undergoing primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty(TKA) from April 2013 to December 2014 at a single centre. Patients filled in pre-operative questionnaires with information regarding place of birth, duration of education, expectations for outcome of surgery and baseline characteristics. Patients were stratified based on ethnicity. Majority ethnicity was defined as born inthe study country and minority ethnicity was defined as born in any other country. Similarly, patients were stratified based on duration of education in groups defined as 12 years, respectively.RESULTS We found that 92.2% of patients were of majority ethnicity. We found that 24.5%, 44.8% and 30.8% of patients had an education of 12 years, respectively. The mean preoperative(preOP) oxford knee score(OKS) in the total population was 23.6. Patients of minority ethnicity had lower mean pre-OP OKS(18.6 vs 23.9, P 12 years education had lower mean pre-OP OKS(21.5 vs 23.8 and 24.6, P ethnicity had lower mean OKS, higher pain and lower QoL. One year post-OP patients with > 12 years education reported higher pain compared to patients with shorter educations. However, the response-rate was low(44.6%), and therefore post-OP results were not considered to be significant.CONCLUSION Minority ethnicity and the duration of education influ-ence preoperative disability and expectation in patients undergoing TKA. This should be taken i

关键词： Socioeconomic factors ethnicity Education Expectations to surgery Preoperative disability Total knee arthroplasty

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Sinicisation and ethnicity: spatial characteristics of Shui vernacular architecture in Guizhou, Southwest China

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Built Heritage 2020年第4期4卷 31-46页

作者： Yizhi Zhou Miao Wei College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China H+Architecture and Engineering Co. Ltd1728-2Shanghai 200433China

The Shui people are an ethnic minority living in southern mountainous areas of Guizhou Province,China;they have retained many vernacular houses with a history of over a century.Using spatial analysis software depthmapX to perform visibility graph analysis and field-of-view analysis with space syntax,we examined the sequence,organisation,and hierarchy of the living space in Shui residences.We found that those residences were influenced by external cultures,resulting in two types of plan layout:front-middle-back(type A)and left-middle-right(type B).Those two types of spatial combination were evident in two different line-of-sight axes.With type A,the hearth was the core and served as the daily living space of the family.With type B,the ancestral altar was the core and served as the ritual space.The historical coexistence and changing relationship of the two axes reflect cultural exchange between the Shui and Han as well as with other foreign cultures.This study concludes that the diversity of spatial forms that developed in different historical periods is an important attribute of Shui houses and those of other ethnic minorities in Southwest China.

关键词： Vernacular architecture Shui ethnic group Spatial analysis Sinicisation ethnicity Cultural exchange

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Researching Education and ethnicity in China:A Critical Review of the Literature between 1990 and 2014

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Frontiers of Education in China 2018年第2期13卷 216-244页

作者： Wei WANG Department of Sociology Lund UniversityLund 22100Sweden

In the past four decades,marketization and modernization in China have led to conflict between economic development and the protection of ethnic minority cultures.In response,a growing number of scholars have focused on issues related to education and ethnicity in China.This article describes and analyzes how these scholars researched education and ethnicity between 1990 and 2014.Six research themes are identified:educational policy,multicultural education,minority cultural heritage in school,ideological-political education,multilingual education,and teachers and teacher education.The final section discusses how education scholars could improve future research on education and ethnicity in China.

关键词： education ethnicity ethnic minority multiculturalism China

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＂Going to the Land of Barbarians＂： Nation, ethnicity, and the Female Body in Late Qing and Republican Travel Writing on the Yunnan-Burma Borderlands

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2014年第1期8卷 5-30页

作者： Jie Guo Department of Languages Literatures and Cultures University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA

This paper studies several travel accounts featuring transcultural and transnational experiences in the Yunnan-Burma borderlands where the British, Chinese, French and various indigenous peoples encountered each other, including Yangwentun xiaoyin, an anonymous ＂ballad＂ circulated in late Qing and Republican Yunnan, Ai Wu＇s （1904-92） early fiction based upon his wanderings in Yunnan and Burma from 1925 to 1931, and Xiao Qian＇s （1910-99） utopian ＂travelogue＂ featuring a European couple＇s futuristic travel to the area. These writings illustrate the intersection of issues of nation, ethnicity, and gender, which are intertwined with the discourse of barbarism： On the one hand, their authors often express anxiety over threats to China＇s dominance in this area; on the other, frequently resorting to the discourse of barbarism, these accounts, tinged with Sino-centrism, often exoticize and barbarize other cultures, particularly indigenous groups. The eroticized and racialized female body constitutes a privileged site of representation in these writings： On the one hand, travel writings often make a distinction between Han Chinese women and indigenous women, treating the latter as exotic, seductive, dangerous, and/or primitive; on the other hand, as the need to build a strong, modernized multi-ethnic nation became increasingly urgent, Republican authors began to ＂universalize＂ the female body, Chinese or indigenous, treating both as threatened and exploited by the Western ＂newcomer,＂ and thus are （potential） allies sharing a nationalist, anti-imperialist cause.

关键词： travel writing Yunnan-Burma borderlands nation ethnicity thefemale body Yangwentun xiaoyin Ai Wu Xiao Qian

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Factors Influencing Alzheimer's Disease Risk: Whether and How They are Related to the APOE Genotype

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第7期38卷 809-819页

作者： Rong Zhang Xiaojiao Xu Hang Yu Xiaolan Xu Manli Wang Weidong Le Institute of Neurology Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease featuring progressive cognitive impairment.Although the etiology of late-onset AD remains unclear,the close association of AD with apolipoprotein E(APOE),a gene that mainly regulates lipid metabolism,has been firmly established and may shed light on the exploration of AD pathogenesis and therapy.However,various confounding factors interfere with the APOE-related AD risk,raising questions about our comprehension of the clinical findings concerning APOE.In this review,we summarize the most debated factors interactingwith theAPOEgenotype and ADpathogenesis,depict the extent to which these factors relate to APOEdependent AD risk,and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E Alzheimer's disease ethnicity Diet Geographic factor Aging Gender

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Pharmacogenetics of irinotecan:An ethnicity-based prediction of irinotecan adverse events

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010年第1期2卷 14-21页

作者： Shouji Shimoyama Gastrointestinal Unit Settlement Clinic4-20-7TowaAdachi-kuTokyo 120-0003Japan

Irinotecan is now regarded as the most active drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer.However,one of the most difficult issues oncologists face is deciding the optimal dose for an individual patient,as each individual shows different outcomes even at the same dose with regard to treatment related adverse events,ranging from no toxicity to a lethal event.Inherited genetic polymorphism of a single gene or multiple genes(haplotype or linkage disequilibrium) involved in SN-38 glucuronidation,a predominant route of irinotecan detoxification,is now recognized as a significant factor that can alter the incidence of side effects.Attempts to explore such inherited genetic variability have been focused on elucidating interindividual as well as interethnic differences.Genotyping studies in relation to adverse events in an individual or in a group of similar ethnicity should contribute to establishing individualoriented or ethnicity-oriented irinotecan treatment regimens.This review highlights current single-or multi-tired approaches for the elucidation of genetic predispositions of patients to severe toxicities,especially among Asians.The purpose of this is to contribute to minimizing toxicity by dose modifications,with the consequent aim of maximizing dose intensity and efficacy,an ultimate goal of irinotecan-individualized therapy.

关键词： Irinotecan Pharmacogenetics Polymorphism ethnicity Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Adverse events Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase

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