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EtherClue:Digital investigation of attacks on ethereum smart contracts

Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第4期2卷 12-29页

作者： Simon Joseph Aquilina Fran Casino Mark Vella Joshua Ellul Constantinos Patsakis Department of Computer Science University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Department of Informatics University of PiraeusPiraeus18534Greece Information Management Systems Institute Athena Research CenterMarousi15125Greece Centre for Distributed Ledger Technologies University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta

Programming errors in ethereum smart contracts can result in catastrophic financial losses from stolen *** vulnerability detectors can prevent vulnerable contracts from being deployed,this does not mean that such contracts will not be *** a vulnerable contract is instantiated on the blockchain and becomes the target of attacks,the identification of exploit transactions becomes indispensable in assessing whether it has been actually exploited and identifying which malicious or subverted accounts were *** this work,we study the problem of post-factum investigation of ethereum attacks using Indicators of Compromise(IoC)specially crafted for use in the *** definitions need to capture the side-effects of successful exploitation in the context of the ethereum ***,we define a model for smart contract execution,comprising multiple abstraction levels that mirror the multiple views of code execution on a ***,we compare IoCs defined across the different levels in terms of their effectiveness and practicality through EtherClue,a prototype tool for investigating ethereum security *** results illustrate that coarse-grained IoCs defined over blocks of transactions can detect exploit transactions with less ***,they are contract-specific and suffer from false *** the other hand,fine-grained IoCs defined over virtual machine instructions can avoid these pitfalls at the expense of increased computation,which is nevertheless applicable for practical use.

关键词： Blockchain forensics ethereum attacks Indicators of compromise ethereum operational semantics

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