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Elevated CO2 offsets the alteration of foliar chemicals(n-icosane,geranyl acetate,and elixene)induced by elevated O3 in three taxa of O3-tolerant eucalypts

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 789-803页

作者： Eka Novriyanti Qiaozhi Mao Evgenios Agathokleous Makoto Watanabe Yasuyuki Hashidoko Takayoshi Koike Research and Development Institute of Forest Fiber Technology FOERDIAMinistry of Environment and ForestryKotak Pos 4/BKN BangkinangKamparRiau 28411Indonesia Division of Environment and Resources Research Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400700China Institute of Applied Ecology Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan Division of Applied Biological Sciences Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido Univ.SapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Shenzhen Graduate School of Environment and Energy Peking UniversityBeijing 518055China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China

Eucalypts are important forest resources in southwestern China,and may be tolerant to elevated ground-level ozone(O3)concentrations that can negatively affect plant growth.High CO2 may offset O3-induced effects by providing excess carbon to produce secondary metabolites or by inducing stomatal closure.Here,the effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on leaf secondary metabolites and other defense chemicals were studied by exposing seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus,E.grandis,and E.camaldulensis×E.deglupta to a factorial combination of two levels of O3(epicuticular wax and essential oils,i.e.,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene,compounds known as a first-line defense against insect herbivores.n-Icosane may be involved in tolerance mechanisms of E.grandis and the hybrid,while geranyl acetate and elixene in the tolerance of E.globulus.Elevated O3 and CO2,singly or in combination,affected only leaf physiology but not biomass of various organs.Elevated CO2 impacted several leaf traits,including stomatal conductance,leaf mass per area,carbon,lignin,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene.Limited effects of elevated O3 on leaf physiology(nitrogen,n-icosane,geranyl acetate,elixene)were commonly offset by elevated CO2.We conclude that E.globulus,E.grandis and the hybrid were tolerant to these O3 and CO2 treatments,and n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene may be major players in tolerance mechanisms of the tested species.

关键词： Carbon dioxide epicuticular wax Eucalypts Secondary metabolism Tropospheric ozone

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Leaf Morphology and Anatomy in the Genus Fragaria:Implications for Resistances

Leaf Morphology and Anatomy in the Genus Fragaria:Implicatio...

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第七届世界草莓大会

作者： K.Olbricht A.Ludwig D.Ulrich R.Spangenberg M.Guenther C.Neinhuis Hansabred GmbH&Co.KG Julius Kühn Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Ecological ChemistryPlant Analysis and Stored Product Protection Institute of Botany Technische Universitt Dresden

For the first time,the genus of Fragaria was investigated by electron microscopy with regard to epicuticular wax structures and trichome formation on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces.In addition,cross-sections and volatile patterns of leaves of several genotypes were analyzed.Distinct differences of epicuticular wax structures among the species were observed on the adaxial but not on the abaxial leaf side.Obviously,epicuticular wax structures are not essential for susceptibility reactions to fungal diseases.Epidermal wall thickness as a reason for resistance to leaf diseases can only be supported for individual examples.Resistance to spider mite（Tetranychus urticae Koch） can be traced back to trichome formation on the abaxial side of the leaf.Additionally,the volatile analysis revealed the release of VOCs as a response to the spider mite attack.

关键词： epicuticular wax epidermal wall trichomes phylogeny breeding volatiles

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