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Ultrafiltration for environmental safety in shellfish production: A case of bloom emergence

Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 46-53页

作者： Clemence Cordier Alexandra Voulgaris Christophe Stavrakakis Patrick Sauvade Franz Coelho Philippe Moulin Aix-Marseille Universite M2P2 UMR 7340Equipe Procedes MembranairesLaboratoire de Mecanique Modelisation et Procedes PropresAix en Provence 13545France Plateforme Experimentale Mollusques Marins Station Ifremer de BouinPolder des ChampsBouin 85230France Suez-Aquasource Toulouse 31029France

The process of ultrafiltration(UF)of natural seawater often encounters the problems of variation in water quality and coastal blooms.To validate the feasibility of UF in shellfish farms,this study compared the hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency of the UF process with those of the commonly used treatments that combine several filtration steps with ultraviolet(UV)disinfection.The comparison was conducted in the cases of natural seawater and a coastal bloom.Given that the UF process encountered the specific type of pollution,this study evaluated the filtration performance of the UF process and the retention of total suspended solids(TSS),bacteria,phytoplankton,and zooplankton.A real coastal bloom was considered in the case study of an experimental shellfish hatchery/nursery in France.The results show that both treatments were able to eliminate approximately 50%of TSS.However,in contrast with UV treatment combined with filtration,the UF process retained total amounts of phytoplankton,zooplankton,and bacteria in the bloom.Although the hydraulic performance of the UF process was impacted by the coastal bloom,the fouling was eliminated through chemical cleaning conducted at a frequency less than once per 12 h.Despite the severe pollution,this study confirmed the pollution resistance and treatment performance of the UF process,indicating that UF has the potential to enhance the biosecurity level.

关键词： Ultrafiltration environmental safety Aquaculture Shellfish culture Coastal bloom

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Analysis of radiation environmental safety for China's Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS)

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第7期34卷 1029-1036页

作者：王庆斌吴青彪马忠剑张清江李楠吴靖民刘剑张刚 Institute of High Energy Physics CAS

The China Spallation Neutron Source（CSNS） is going to be located in Dalang Town,Dongguan City in the Guangdong Province.In this paper we report the results of the parameters related with environment safety based on experiential calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.The main project of the accelerator is an under ground construction.On top there is a 0.5 m concrete and 5.0 m soil covering for shielding,which can reduce the dose out of the tunnel＇s top down to 0.2 μSv/h.For the residents on the boundary of the CSNS,the dose produced by skyshine,which is caused by the penetrated radiation leaking from the top of the accelerator,is no more than 0.68 μSv/a.When CSNS is operating normally,the maximal annual effective dose due to the emission of gas from the tunnel is 2.40×10-3 mSv/a to the public adult,and 2.29×10-3 mSv/a to a child,both values are two orders of magnitude less than the limiting value for control and management.CSNS may give rise to an activation of the soil and groundwater in the nearest tunnels,where the main productions are 3H,7Be,22Na,54Mn,etc.But the specific activity is less than the exempt specific activity in the national standard GB13376-92.So it is safe to say that the environmental impact caused by the activation of soil and groundwater is insignificant.To sum up,for CSNS,as a powerful neutron source device,driven by a highenergy high-current proton accelerator,a lot of potential factors affecting the environment exist.However,as long as effective shieldings for protection are adopted and strict rules are drafted,the environmental impact can be kept under control within the limits of the national standard.

关键词： China Spallation Neutron Source environmental safety effective dose specific activity

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Urban environmental safety Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Matter-element Theory

Urban Environmental Safety Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Matter-...

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2010 Chinese Control and Decision Conference

作者： Xiaoyan Tao School of Economics and Management,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,450007

＜正＞Study on urban environmental safety has become a forefront topic of urban sustainable development. Evaluation of urban environmental safety is the foundation to strengthen urban environmental management and make urban environmental management decisions.This paper constructed an evaluation index system of urban environmental safety composed of environmental quality,pollution control and environmental construction.Then it established an evaluation model of urban environmental safety based on fuzzy matter-element theory.In order to testify the evaluation model,a case study was conducted on Xiamen city from 1996 to 2007.The sequence of urban environmental safety conditions from good to poor is 2007,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001,2000,1999,1998,1997 and 1996.The results show that there is a tendency of improvement in conditions of urban environmental safety in Xiamen.The model proposed in this paper provides a new method for the evaluation of urban environmental safety.

关键词： Urban Environment environmental safety Fuzzy Matter-element Index System

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The environmental Impact of Plastic Waste

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Journal of environmental & Earth Sciences 2020年第2期2卷 26-35页

作者： Boyu Jiang Jiming Yu Yihang Liu Public health and Preventive Medicine Health Inspection and QuarantineNorth China University of Science and T echnologyTangshanHebei063210China Process Equipment and Control Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNingAnshanLiaoning114051China Preventive medicine Public health and Preventive MedicineNorth China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebei063210China

The pollution caused by disposable plastic products is becoming moreand more serious, and “plastic limit” has become a global consensus. Thisarticle mainly discusses the pollution problem from the following aspects:Integrate all relevant important indicators to establish a multiple regressionmodel of the maximum amount of disposable plastic waste to estimatethe maximum amount of disposable waste in the future without causingfurther damage to the environment;Establish an environmental safety levelevaluation model and analyze the impact of plastic waste on environmentalsafety;Try to set the lowest level target that can be achieved by globalwaste at this stage, and conduct correlation analysis on the impact ofhumans, enterprises, and the environment;Select several countries basedon their comprehensive strengths, conduct a comparative analysis of theirplastic production, economic strength, and environment, and try to exploretheir responsibilities.

关键词： Multiple egression Fuzzy hierarchy Plastic waste environmental safety

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Sodium lauryl sulfate and its potential impacts on organisms and the environment:A thematic analysis

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Emerging Contaminants 2023年第1期9卷 96-105页

作者： Johannes Reiner G.Asio Janice S.Garcia Charalabos Antonatos Janice B.Sevilla-Nastor Lorele C.Trinidad School of environmental Science and Management University of the Philippines-Los-Ba~nosCollegeLagunaPhilippines Laboratory of Genetics Department of BiologyUniversity of PatrasGreece National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of the Philippines-Los BanosCollegeLagunaPhilippines Planetary and Global Health Program St.Lukes Medical Center College of Medicine-William H Quasha MemorialQuezon CityPhilippines

Due to its ubiquitous presence in the environment and the lack of a scientific consensus regarding the environmental safety of the widely used anionic surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(CAS No:151-21-3),a systematic literature review and thematic analysis was conducted.All studies about sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS)in the environment in key databases were reviewed,with coding methods used to identify impact categories from SLS exposure without potential narration bias.Based on the limited number of studies on SLS,there is empirical evidence of this surfactant contributing to environmental toxicity at various concentrations(0.004-3509 mg L^(-1)),with aquatic organisms at a higher risk from exposure.Furthermore,exposure to SLS can elicit changes to various organismic processes and environmental equilibrium.Hence,further study on SLS in various environmental compartments is recommended to monitor the level of SLS pollution,understand its behavior upon contact with various environmental media,and understand its impacts on flora and fauna.Lastly,SLS quantification should be done on commonly used consumer products to potentially regulate its use and to consequently curb SLS pollution from its source.

关键词： SLS environmental risk Thematic analysis Surfactant environmental safety Emerging contaminant

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Perspectives on the management of synthetic biological and gene edited foods

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第4期2卷 193-198页

作者： Rui He Qin Cao Jiejun Chen Jinqiang Tian China National Center for Biotechnology Development Beijing 100039China

Synthetic biology,gene editing and transgene technologies that involving gene manipulation are widely used in food research and development.In recent decades,China has formulatedmany policies and regulations to govern the safety of genetically modified agricultural organisms.Based on the comparative analysis of technical connotations on synthetic biology,gene editing and transgenes and related risksregarding the safety of food,environment and the management of genetically modified agricultural organisms,this paper puts forward the following suggestions on 1)management of synthetic biological and gene-edited foods(in this paper,“food”refers to“edible agricultural products and food”),2)promoting the gradual process of industrialization on gene-edited and synthetic biological foods through lessons learned from the practice on genetically modified crops,3)speeding up the industrialization of gene-edited foods and prudently promoting the application of synthetic biological foods,4)urgently establishing and updating policies and regulations related to gene-edited and synthetic biological foods,5)unifying the legislation and supervision of synthetic biological,gene-edited and genetically modified foods 6)establishing ethical principles and bottom lines for genetically manipulated foods.

关键词： Synthetic biology Gene editing Transgene Edible agricultural product Food Food safety environmental safety

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Spatial Identification of Potential Dump Disposal Sites for Effective Waste Management in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第11期8卷 93-111页

作者： Swidbert Höflinger Mary Antwi Ampah Amproche Amprofi Amos Tiereyangn Kabo-Bah Department of Civil and environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of environmental Management University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

One daunting task faced by waste managers is to appropriately identify safe sites for waste disposal and this study combined expert knowledge, field observations and GIS-based modelbuilder to model and identify suitable dumpsites. Overview of the study area confirmed the random siting of dumpsites that poses threat to environmental safety. Land use and land cover classification produced an overall accuracy of 81.97% with kappa coefficient = 0.78, which was employed in the suitability search criteria. Other key derived parameters vital for safe dumpsite locations were distances to catchment > 100 m, distances to water bodies > 100 m, soil characteristics—clayey, topology (slope of 2 and 4) and geology—Granitoids. The weightings (%) obtained for the key parameters were: water = 32, connection to catchment area = 28, topology = 23, soil = 10 and geology = 7. The exclusion criteria and suitability analysis, based on assigned suitable values from the key weighted parameters in the modelbuilder, produced a map of potential waste disposal sites rating them as most suitable, suitable and less suitable for the Sunyani Municipality. The model for the site identification could be used as a guideline to provide first and quick impression on potential waste disposal sites for stakeholders in waste management. The suitable sites give an indicator for sites with the least possible environmental impact. The study however recommends that for specific locations, further in-depth research be done to suit site-specific conditions in order to improve accuracy.

关键词： Waste Disposal Modelbuilder Suitability Analysis Site Identification environmental safety Pollution

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