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Research progress on behaviors and Environmental effects of mercury in the cryosphere of the Tibetan Plateau:a critical review

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2022年第1期14卷 1-22页

作者： ShiWei Sun ShiChang Kang QiangGong Zhang JunMing Guo XueJun Sun State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The behavior and fates of environmental pollutants within the cryosphere and the associated environmental impacts are of increasing concerns in the context of global warming.The Tibetan Plateau(TP),also known as the"Third Pole",represents one of the most important cryospheric regions in the world.Mercury(Hg)is recognized as a global pollutant.Here,we summarize the current knowledge of Hg concentration levels,pools and spatio-temporal distribution in cryospheric environments(e.g.,glacier,permafrost),and its transfer and potential cycle in the TP cryospheric region.Transboundary transport of anthropogenic Hg from the surrounding heavily-polluted regions,such as South and Southeast Asia,provides significant sources of atmospheric Hg depositions onto the TP cryosphere.We concluded that the melting of the cryosphere on the TP represents an increasing source of Hg and brings a risk to the TP environment.In addition,global warming acts as an important catalyst accelerating the release of legacy Hg from the melting cryosphere,adversely impacting ecosystems and biological health.Furthermore,we emphasize on the remaining gaps and proposed issues needed to be addressed in future work,including enhancing our knowledge on some key release pathways and the related Environmental effects of Hg in the cryospheric region,integrated observation and consideration of Hg distribution,migration and cycle processes at a key region,and uses of Hg isotopic technical and Hg models to improve the understanding of Hg cycling in the TP cryospheric region.

关键词： mercury cryosphere Environmental effects Tibetan Plateau

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A review of environmental characteristics and effects of low-molecular weight organic acids in the surface ecosystem

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 935-954页

作者： Min Xiao Fengchang Wu State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Low molecular weight organic acids （LMWOAs） are prevalent on the earth＇s surface. They are vital intermediate products during metabolic pathways of organic matter and participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during life activities. Photochemical reactions are pivotal for LMWOAs＇ origination and play a large role in determining their diversity and their ultimate fate. Within the long time that organic matter is preserved in sediments, it can be decomposed and converted to release organic and inorganic pollutants as well as C, N, and P nutrients, which are of potential ecological risk in causing secondary pollution to lake water. The sediment pool is a comprehensive and complex compartment closely associated with overlying water by various biochemical processes, during which LMWOAs play critical roles to transport and transform elements. This article elucidates geochemical behaviors of LMWOAs in the surface environment in details, taking natural water, soil, and aerosol as examples, focusing on reviewing research developments on sources and characteristics, migration and mineralization of LMWOAs and relevant Environmental effects. Simultaneously, this review article depicts the categories and contents of LMWOAs or their contribution to DOC in environmental media, and evaluates their importance during organic matter early diagenesis. Through concluding and discussing the conversion mechanisms and influencing factors, the next research orientations on LMWOAs in lake ecosystems are determined, mainly concerning relationships with hydrochemical parameters and microorganisms, and interactions with pollutants. This will enrich the knowledge on organic matter degradation and related Environmental effects, and help reconstruct a theoretical framework for organic compound succession and influencing factors, providing basic data for lake eutrophication and ecological risk assessment, conducive to better control over water pollution and proper management of water quality.

关键词： low molecular weight organic acids conversion mechanism pollutants Environmental effects ecological risk management of water quality

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Weathering-pedogenesis of Carbonate Rocks and Its Environmental effects in Subtropical Region

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第5期82卷 982-993页

作者： ZHU Lijun HE Shouyang LI Jingyang Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geological Hazard Prevention （Guizhou University） Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550003 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province Guiyang Guizhou 550004 Laboraryfor Study of Earth＇s Interior and Geofluids Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou 550002 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039

We investigated the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and its Environmental effects in subtropical regions of China. The investigation demonstrated that the weathering- pedogenesis of carbonate rocks is the process of a joint action of corrosion and illuviation and metasomatism in subtropical region. It is characterized by multi-stage, multi-path and multi-style. With the persisting development of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks, metasomatic pedogenesis progressively became the main process of the weathering-pedogenesis and the dominant style of formation of minerals. And it proceeds through the whole process of evolution of the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks. The stage evolution of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and the fractionation evolution of newly produced minerals are characterized by obvious vertically zoning structures and the rules of gradation of elements geochemical characteristics in the carbonate rocks weathering profiles. The geochemical process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks can be divided into three geochemical evolution stages, i.e., the Ca, Mg-depletion and Si, Al-enrichment stage; the Fe, Mn enrichment stage and the Si-depletion and Al-enrichment stage in the subtropical regions. Consistent with the three geochemical evolution stages, the sequence of formation and evolution of minerals can be divided into the clay mineral stage; the Fe, Mn oxide and the gibbsite stage. The influence of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks on the chemical forms of heavy elements is mainly affected via newly produced components and minerals in the process of weathering-pedogenesis, e.g., iron oxide minerals and organic matters. The important mechanism for the mobilization, transport and pollution of F and As is affected the selective adsorption and desorption of F and As on the surface of iron oxide minerals in the subtropical karst zones, i.e., the selective adsorption and desorption on mineral surfaces of newly produced minerals in the process of weath

关键词： carbonate rocks weathering-pedogenesis metasomatic pedogenesis Environmental effects subtropical region

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Hospital Stakeholders’ Perception on Environmental effects Related to Biomedical Waste in Togo’s University Hospitals (UHC) in 2021

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023年第2期13卷 57-72页

作者： Takpaya Gnaro Awedeou Ali Kokou Ayamekpe Cyriaque Degbey Farouk Salami-Odjo Abdoul-Rahim Ouro-Koura Panaveyi Malou Adom Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh Didier Koumavi Ekouevi Public Health Training and Research Center University of Lomé Lomé Togo Basic Sanitation and Hygiene Office of Togo Lomé Togo Regional Public Health Institute Comlan Alfred Quenum (IRSP-CAQ) University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: Given its effects, hospital waste is an environmental concern and a threat to health personnel, users of health services and neighboring populations. Our objective was to assess the perception of health care stakeholders on the Environmental effects related to biomedical waste produced in Teaching Hospitals (CHU) in Togo in 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study held from June 24 to August 28, 2021. It targeted three university hospitals, 340 health care providers and services selected by a probabilistic method with a simple random technique in 25 services, 72 directors, deputy directors, supervisors and heads of services, 27 collection and incineration agents selected by a non-probabilistic method with a reasoned choice technique, 44 patients and attendants and 36 householders of neighboring residents selected by a non-probabilistic method with an accidental choice technique. Variables such as the spreading of disease vectors, soil, air and water contamination, the presence of unpleasant odors and unsightly living conditions were assessed. Results: According to the respondents, biomedical waste causes the proliferation of vectors (55.3%), an unsightly environment inside the hospital (47.1%), and unpleasant odors (61.2%). Incineration operations disturb hospital residents (52.8%), according to the householders of the residents. During observation, we note deposits of waste that have not been destroyed and wastewater flowing in some places. Conclusion: Biomedical waste in Togo’s university hospitals generates Environmental effects and therefore potentially high risks for human health. Improving their management should be a concern for all hospital actors.

关键词： Environmental effects Biomedical Waste Teaching Hospitals Environment Togo

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东北地区农业结构转型时期土地利用变化的成因与效应

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2004年第4期14卷 488-494页

作者：刘彦随甘红 Jay GAO DENG Xusheng Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China School of Geography and environmental Sciences University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

During the last decade of the 20th century, extensive conversion inagricultural land use took place in Northeast China. The goal of this study is to ascertain itsspatial distribution and regional differentiation, determine its causes, and analyze itsenvironmental impact. Especially we attempt to elucidate how institutional constraints havefacilitated the change at a time of agrarian restructuring when newly emerging free market washybridized with the former planned economy. Information on six categories of land use was mappedfrom interpretation of Landsat TM images recorded in 1990, 1995 and 2000. Most of land use changestook place during the first half of the decade, coinciding with abrupt and chaotic changes ingovernment directives. Farmland was changed mainly to woodland, water body and built-up areas whilewoodland and grassland were converted chiefly to farmland. Spatially, the change from farmland towoodland was restricted to the west of the study area. The change from grassland to farmland tookplace in the grazing and farming interlocked west. These chaotic and occasionally conflictingchanges were largely caused by lack of stability and consistency in agricultural land use policiespromulgated. They have exerted adverse impacts on the local environment, including land degradation,increased flooding, and modified climate regime.

关键词： land use conversion agricultural restructuring remote sensing Environmental effects northeast China

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江苏工业结构调整的环境效应实证分析

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工业经济 2005年第9期 33-38页

作者：赵海霞曲福田诸培新

按照环境经济学基本原理，环境污染与经济发展主要因素之间存在密切的相关性，这些因素主要包括经济发展水平、工业结构、城市化水平、环保投资、环保科技水平及政府管制等。找出主要影响因素、掌握其作用的机理是环境污染治理的根本... 详细信息

按照环境经济学基本原理，环境污染与经济发展主要因素之间存在密切的相关性，这些因素主要包括经济发展水平、工业结构、城市化水平、环保投资、环保科技水平及政府管制等。找出主要影响因素、掌握其作用的机理是环境污染治理的根本。分析工业结构调整对环境效应的影响机理，通过对江苏的实证分析，得出工业结构成为环境效应的主要影响因素的结论，并验证工业结构调整的环境效应机理；进而对江苏省的重污染行业结构变动对环境效应的效果进行分析，得出自1990年以来工业结构调整不利于环境污染控制的结论。因此，工业结构的优化升级是下一步制定调整战略的趋向。

关键词：工业结构协调发展环境效应 industry structure harmonious development Environmental effects

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Advances in the study of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第10期65卷 1948-1960页

作者： Yan ZHANG Xuejing WANG Yan XUE Changpei ZOU Manhua LUO Gang LI Lei LI Laitong CUI Hailong LI School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences-BeijingBeijing 100083China School of environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)is a critical land-ocean process in coastal areas and an essential component of the global hydrological cycle.Thus,hydrologists and oceanographers are paying more attention to SGD.SGD transports large amounts of materials into the ocean,including nutrients,carbon,and metals,and thus plays a vital role in the cycling of marine materials and affects the ecological environments of nearshore areas.This study examined the research status of SGD and its Environmental effects in China,including a systematic analysis of radium activities and nutrient contents in groundwater,SGD rates,and the contribution of SGD to nutrients in various coastal ecosystems(bays,estuaries,continental shelves,and lagoons).The results showed the median concentrations of groundwater nutrients(dissolved inorganic nitrogen DIN,dissolved inorganic phosphorus DIP,and dissolved inorganic silicon DSi),SGD rates,and SGD-derived DIN and DIP in estuarine areas far exceeded those in the other three ecosystems studied.This result could be attributed to the complex hydrodynamic conditions of estuary areas as well as the considerable influence of human activities.Conversely,the lowest SGD rates and three inorganic nutrient species via SGD were observed in large scale continental shelves.SGD-derived nutrient fluxes were comparable to riverine inputs along the entire coast of China,which significantly affected the nutrient budget,nutrient composition,and primary productivity of coastal waters.Finally,this review suggests further research of SGD in three aspects:(1)accurate assessment,(2)its Environmental effects,and(3)its regulatory strategies.

关键词： Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) Radium isotopes Nutrients Ecosystems Environmental effects

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How the physical inactivity is affected by social-, economic- and physical-environmental factors: an exploratory study using the machine learning approach

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2503-2521页

作者： Kangjae Lee Jue Wang Joon Heo Department of Location-Based Information System Kyungpook National UniversitySangju-siGyeongsangbukdoRepublic of Korea Department of Geography Geomatics and EnvironmentUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaCanada Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Previous studies have utilized regression models to investigate the impact of environmental factors on physical activity.However,such approaches are inadequate for data-driven analysis seeking to identify robust associations from the intricate and multi-variable interactions between physical activity and environmental factors.With the emergence of the concept of the exposome,which encompasses the totality of exposures,this paper explores machine learning models for predicting the percentage of physical inactivity in U.S.counties,while considering 28 social-,economic-,and physical-environmental factors.The aim of this study is to address the research gap and gain insight into the complex associations between environmental exposures and physical activity.Five machine learning models were tested,and the performances were compared to select the best classifier for further investigation.This study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The mean population of all counties was 102,841,and the mean percentage of population below 18 years was 22.3%.The partial dependence plot analysis indicated that only one feature–bachelor’s degree–exhibited a close-to-linear relationship with physical inactivity.Motor-vehicle crash death rate and mean temperature showed nonlinear and non-monotonic relationships with the predicted percentage of physical inactivity.

关键词： Physical inactivity Environmental effects machine learning GIS

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Identifying Summer/Autumn Habitat Hotspots of Jumbo Flying Squid (Dosidicus gigas) off Chile

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1669-1681页

作者： YU Wei FENG Zhiping LI Nan CHEN Bingjian CHEN Xinjun Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute Yantai 264006China College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Ocean Satellite Shandong Data Application Center Yantai 264006China

Abundance and distribution of jumbo flying squid(Dosidicus gigas)are evidently influenced by the changes of marine environment.In this study,the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model was applied to examine the impacts of marine environmental variables on its potential distribution,and identified habitat hotspots of D.gigas in summer and autumn along the coast of Chile.The MaxEnt model was constructed by using the fisheries data of D.gigas from summer to autumn during 2011–2017 combined with critical environmental factors including mixed layer depth(MLD),sea surface salinity(SSS),sea surface height(SSH)and water temperature at depths of 0 m,25 m,50 m,100 m,150 m,200 m,300 m,400 m and 500 m.Results showed that the actual fishing efforts of D.gigas in summer and autumn were mostly distributed in the suitable habitat,indicating that the MaxEnt model can well predict the habitat hotspots of D.gigas off Chile.The key environmental factors and their suitable ranges for D.gigas showed significant intermonthly changes from December to May.The critical environmental factors of D.gigas off Chile were MLD,SSH,water temperature at different depths in summer(Temp_25 m in December,Temp_300 m in January and Temp_400 m in February)and SSH,SSS,Temp_400 m in autumn.Our findings suggest that selecting the key environmental factors is vital to study the potential distribution of D.gigas off Chile in each month to explore its habitat hotspots.

关键词： Dosidicus gigas MaxEnt model Environmental effects habitat hotspots key environmental factors off Chile

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Current state of research on microplastics in the marine- atmosphere environment of the Arctic region

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Advances in Polar Science 2023年第4期34卷 251-261页

作者： GONG Tianjiao XU Guojie CHEN Liqi ZHANG Miming China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Polar and Marine Research Institute College of Harbor and Coastal EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry(GCMAC)of Ministry of Natural Resources(MNR) Third Institute of Oceanography(TIO)Xiamen 361005China

Microplastics,plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in size,are a growing source of environmental pollution.Microplastic pollution has been observed in situ in the remote Arctic,where it has been found in the land,sea,cryosphere,and atmosphere.This review summarizes the sample pretreatment techniques and analytical methods commonly used in microplastic research,as well as the pollution status of microplastics in the Arctic,their sources,and their effects on the environment.In the Arctic,the size distribution of microplastics is more inclined to small-scale aggregation,the shape of microplastics is mostly fibrous,with the proportion of fibers often accounting for more than 70%.There are marked differences among studies in terms of abundance and polymer composition,but polyester is generally dominant in seawater.Many microplastic particles are transported to the Arctic by ocean currents and rivers,but atmospheric transport and deposition are slowly being recognized as an important transport route.Sea ice is particularly important for the temporary storage,transport,and release of Arctic microplastics.The average storage of microplastics in sea ice was estimated to be approximately 6.1×108 items.Given their properties,microplastics can affect glacier melting,sea surface temperature changes,and even the carbon cycle.Urgent measures must be taken to improve research standards and overcome sampling difficulties in the Arctic region to achieve time continuity and large-scale distribution patterns of Arctic microplastics.

关键词： microplastics Arctic atmosphere Environmental effects sea ice seawater snow

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