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Spatial distribution, environmental risks, and sources of potentially toxic elements in soils from a typical abandoned antimony smelting site

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 780-790页

作者： Shengguo Xue Ramon Korna Jiarong Fan Wenshun Ke Wei Lou Jinting Wang Feng Zhu School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Hikee environmental Technology CO. Ltd.Changsha 410001China

The rapid development of the smelting industry increases the release of antimony(Sb)into the soil environment,which threatens human health and ecosystems.A total of 87 samples were collected from an abandoned Sb smelting site to evaluate pollution characteristics and environmental risks of the potentially toxic elements(PTEs).The contents of As,Cu,Ni,Pb,Sb,and Zn in the fresh soils determined by P-XRF were 131,120,60,145,240,and 154 mg/kg,respectively,whilst following drying,grinding,and sieving pretreatments,the corresponding contents increased to 367,179,145,295,479,and 276 mg/kg,respectively.There was a significant correlation between the data obtained by P-XRF and ICP-OES in the treated samples,which showed the application feasibility of P-XRF.The average contents of Sb and As were 440.6 and 411.6 mg/kg,respectively,which exceeded the control values of the development land in GB 36600-2018.The ecological risk levels of the six PTEs decreased in the following order:As>Sb>Pb>Zn>Ni>Cu.Non-carcinogenic risk revealed that As,Pb,and Sb posed health risks for children,whilst for carcinogenic risk,the risk values for As and Ni were higher than the limit values for both children and adults.Anthropogenic sources accounted for more than 70.0%of As,Pb,and Sb concentrations in soils,indicating a significant influence on PTEs accumulation.The findings provide a basis for quick determination of the contamination characteristics and risk control of PTEs at Sb smelting sites.

关键词： Sb smelting sites P-XRF Spatial distribution environmental risks Sources apportionment

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Advances in preparation,application in contaminant removal,and environmental risks of biochar-based catalysts:a review

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 327-357页

作者： Bowen Yang Jiawei Dai Yuan Zhao Jingwei Wu Caiya Ji Yuhu Zhang College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China School of environmental and Safety Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

As a carbon-rich material produced by pyrolysis of biomass,biochar features low cost,large specific surface area,and widely available feedstocks based on the functional diversity and environmental-friendly properties,it has received increasing attention in the fields of pollutant removal due to three win-win effects of water remediation,carbon sequestration and reutilization of wastes.To design excellent biochar-based catalysts for environmental applications,one must understand recent advances in the catalysts for contaminant removal.This review focuses on the current application of biochar-based catalysts in redox systems,Fenton-like systems,sonocatalytic systems and photocatalytic systems.Besides in-depth discussion in effects of preparation conditions on physicochemical characteristics of biochars,the review supplements new preparation technologies of biochar and biochar-based catalysts.Most importantly,the advantages/shortcomings,catalysis mechanisms,as well as the pollutant removal ability of different types of biochar-based catalysts are discussed.The environmental risks of the catalyst applications are also elaborated on.Future research on biochar-based catalyst production and its environmental applications is discussed.The review provides a good overview of the current advances of biochar-based catalysts in pollutant control and the future research directions.

关键词： Biochar-based catalysts Sonocatalysts Fenton-like catalysts Photocatalysts Pollutant removal environmental risks

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environmental and Social risks Identification&Evaluation on the Tramway Construction Project in Senegal

Environmental and Social Risks Identification&Evaluation on ...

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作者： Souare Nafissatou 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

The absence of suitable techniques and combination of techniques for the identification and assessment of risks and the lack of awareness and knowledge in risks are the challenges issued to effective risk management process implementation.In developing countries,common issues are present such as cost excess,construction going beyond the expected finished time and work interruption.The application of effective risk management implementation is essential for the accomplishment and the favorable outcome of the project.In infrastructure projects in African countries,risk management is a well-known criterion but it does not have a normalized process to improve gradually during the project life cycle this risk management and the absence of uniformed procedure can be a result of the low quality of risk management.Past project conducted by the Infrastructure construction authorities in Senegal,draw that besides financial aspects difficulties the environmental and social risks impacts are the essential points in Senegalese projects where the costs excesses and delays are more frequent in past projects because of problems to mitigate those extensive project risk impact and which depict a lack of effectiveness in risk management practices where the consequences impact the project budget and time.The environmental risks are the risks that rise from the air,water,soil or biological areas that can cause dangerous harms to the people that are not implicated directly in a volunteer way.Their consequences are more serious and severe in poorest and developing counties.They need more attentions from the public entities due to their implications to the economic development of a country.The social risks are many sorts of risks that make vulnerable the communities,households and individuals that cannot be prevented and cause poverty.They are from different sources such as natural（earthquakes,etc）or made by man（environmental degradation）.A good social risk management is important for increasing individual welfare,economic development a

关键词： Tramway Construction Project environmental risks Social risks Risk Identification Senegal

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Ultimate fate of halosulfuron methyl and its effects on enzymatic and microbial activities in three differently textured soils

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Pedosphere 2023年第6期33卷 880-892页

作者： Pervinder KAUR Jasleen KAUR Harshdeep KAUR Department of Agronomy Punjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab 141001India Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab 141001India

Halosulfuron methyl is a sulfonylurea herbicide used worldwide for weed control in sugarcane, maize, wheat, and rice production. Considering its environmental impact, this study evaluated the effects of soil type, application rate, and temperature on the dynamics of halosulfuron methyl degradation.Additionally, as soil microbes and enzymes are reliable indicators of the impacts of anthropogenic activities on soil health, the effects of halosulfuron methyl on soil enzymatic and microbial activities were also assessed. The half-life(DT50) of halosulfuron methyl varied from 9.38 to 33.77 d. Increase in temperature accelerated the degradation and DT50 varied from 14.39 to 33.77, 11.05 to 28.94, and 9.38 to 25.41 d at 5, 15, and 25?C, respectively. The metabolites of halosulfuron methyl, including halosulfuron, methyl 3-chloro-5-((4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl) amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate,4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinamine, and methyl 3-chloro-1-methyl-5-sulfamoyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, were detected in the studied soils, and their appearance and disappearance varied with application rate, soil type, and incubation temperature. Halosulfuron methyl had transitory harmful effects on soil enzymatic and microbial activities depending on its application rate. The results suggest that the application rate of halosulfuron methyl, soil physicochemical parameters, and temperature should be considered together to ensure satisfactory weed control with reduced environmental risk.

关键词： degradation environmental risks metabolites principal component analysis soil type sulfonylurea herbicides weed control

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Ethical framework on risk governance of synthetic biology

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2023年第2期5卷 45-56页

作者： Liao Bohua Wang Yuexin Ou Yakun Zuo Kunlan Liu Huan Lei Ruipeng Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan 430072China Center for Ethics Governance of Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Synthetic biology is an emerging multidisciplinary field that aims to design and construct new biological systems not found in nature.Whereas synthetic biology may yield tremendous benefits,it may also pose substantial risks to human health and the environment that must be addressed.In this paper,we examined the environmental risks associated with synthetic biology,including changes to or depletion of the environment,competition with native species,horizontal gene transfer,pathogenicity or toxicity,bioterrorism,and laboratory biosecurity.We highlight three approaches for assessing environmental risks in synthetic biology:solution-focused risk assessment,Bayesian networks,and network of networks for sustainable capacity building.An ethical governance framework is proposed to facilitate innovation while minimising risks.This framework emphasises the precautionary principle and balancing stakeholder interests prior to project development and commercialisation.Overall,we underscore the importance and urgency of assessing and managing the environmental risks of synthetic biology to ensure its safe and ethical development and application.

关键词： Synthetic biology Ethical framework Biosafety Precautionary principle environmental risks

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