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In situ stabilization of arsenic in soil with organoclay,organozeolite,birnessite,goethite and lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 764-776页

作者： Saeed BAGHERIFAM Trevor C.BROWN Christopher M.FELLOWS Ravi NAIDU Sridhar KOMARNENI Chemistry-School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia) Global Centre for environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan NSW 2308(Australia) Department of Ecosystem Science and Management and Materials Research Institute 204 Energy and the Environment LaboratoryPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park PA 16802(USA)

Arsenic(As)is a known carcinogen and naturally occurring semi-metal in soils and in the Earth's *** of soils and water with As poses a serious threat to millions of people worldwide due to its health hazards and toxicological ***,devising novel and efficient methods for remediation of contaminated areas has attracted a great deal of interest across the *** this study,we investigated the usefulness of synthetic birnessite,goethite,hexadecylpyridinium chloride-modified montmorillonite(HDPC-M),hexadecylpyridinium bromide-modified zeolite(HDPB-Z),and lanthanum(La)-doped magnetic biochar produced from eucalyptus bark(La-Euchar)as adsorbents at 10%dosage for As stabilization in a soil spiked with 1000 mg kg^(-1)*** effectiveness of the above adsorbents in As immobilization in soil was assessed using single-step extractions with 2 mol L^(-1)HNO_(3)and deionized water,the simplified bioaccessibility extraction test(SBET)method,and sequential extraction with the modified Community Bureau of Reference(BCR)*** of the adsorbents shifted the exchangeable fraction of As to more recalcitrant fractions and dramatically reduced the exchangeable fraction by 6%-99%and the extractable amounts with HNO_(3),deionized water,and SBET method by 30%-92%,17%-95%,and 12%-90%,respectively,compared to the unamended *** immobilizing effects of adsorbents on As decreased in the sequence of birnessite>La-Euchar>goethite>HDPB-Z>*** exhibited great affinity for As and drastically reduced As extractability by more than 90%in all single *** results revealed that HDPC-M,HDPB-Z,La-Euchar,birnessite,and goethite are promising immobilizing agents for in situ stabilization of As in terrestrial environments.

关键词： adsorbent bioaccessibility bioavailability environmental contamination immobilizing agent modified biochar modified clay remediation technique

Soil-transmitted helminths and plasmodium falciparum malaria among individuals living in different agroecosystems in two rural communities in the mount Cameroon area:a cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 573-587页

作者： Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele Gladys Belanka Nkemnji Helen Kuokuo Kimbi Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology University of BueaBueaCameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of BamendaBamendaCameroon

Background:Soil-transmitted helminths(STHs)and Plasmodium falciparum infections remain public health problems in Cameroon.A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Mount Cameroon area to determine the prevalence and intensity of STHs and *** infections in individuals living in different agroecosystems;to assess the influence of these infections on haematological parameters;and to identify the risk factors associated with STH ***:STH and malaria parasites were detected using the Kato-Katz method and Giemsa staining of blood films,*** blood count values were obtained using an automatic haematology *** samples were analysed using the sucrose floatation sedimentation *** and continuous variables were compared as required and logistic regression models were used to assess the risk factors for STH infections and ***:Of the 450 participants examined,STHs,*** and mixed co-infections were detected in 14.0,33.3 and 5.6%of participants,*** higher prevalences of Ascaris(18.8%)and Trichuris(7.9%)infections were observed in participants from tea plantation areas compared to those from banana and palm plantation areas,with similar trends in egg *** prevalence and parasite density were comparable between the different *** overall prevalence of anaemia was 64.2%.The prevalence of haematological manifestations such as moderate(48.0%)and severe(8.0%)anaemia,leucopenia(26.9%)and microcytosis(30.8%)was significantly higher among Plasmodium-STH co-infected *** samples from plantations showed the highest prevalences of STH eggs compared to soil samples from areas around pit toilets and public water *** in a tea plantation area(OR=3.07),age(AOR=1.49)and lack of access to potable water(OR=2.25)were identified as risk factors for STH infections,while the age groups 15-25 years(OR=2.928)and 26-35 years(OR=2.832),and being fem

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Plasmodium falciparum malaria Co-infection Anaemia Agroecosystem Haematological values environmental contamination Cameroon

Biochar produced from Amazonian agro-industrial wastes:properties and adsorbent potential of Cd^(2+) and Cu^(2+)

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Biochar 2019年第4期1卷 389-400页

作者： Yan Nunes Dias Edna Santos Souza Hercilia Samara Cardoso da Costa Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo Evanise Silva Penido Cristine Bastos do Amarante Orivan Maria Marques Teixeira Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal Rural University of Amazon(ICA-UFRA)C.P.917BelemPara 66077-530Brazil Department of Soil Science Federal University of LavrasCP 3037Campus UFLALavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of LavrasCP 3037Campus UFLALavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Coordination of Earth Sciences and EcologyBelémPará66077-830Brazil Soil and Plant Laboratory Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Eastern AmazoniaBelémPará66000-000Brazil

In the Amazon region,several residues that have been misused can serve as feedstocks for biochar production with the aim of recovering soils contaminated by heavy ***,these biochars need to be firstly tested for their adsorption capacity as well as their physicochemical attributes prior to field ***,this study aimed to characterize and evaluate the adsorption capacities of Cd^(2+) and Cu^(2+) of biochars produced from acai(BA),Brazil nut(BN),and palm kernel cake(BK)*** were produced by slow pyrolysis at four different temperatures(400,500,600,and 700℃).The physicochemical properties of the biochars,such as cation exchange capacity,ash,recalcitrance index,and aromaticity were enhanced with increased pyrolysis *** adsorption capacities of Cd^(2+) and Cu^(2+) showed high correlations with the physicochemical properties of biochar,indicating the importance of these characteristics in the adsorption ***,the adsorption of Cd^(2+) and Cu^(2+) also increased with the increase in the pyrolysis *** a competitive system,Cd^(2+)exhibited higher adsorption capacity than Cu^(2+) for all *** general,BN showed the highest adsorption capacity,followed by BK and *** produced from the Amazonian residues have the potential to improve soil quality when used as amendments in the recovery of soils contaminated with Cd and Cu,representing an environmentally sound technology for the reuse of these residues.

关键词： Pyrolysis environmental contamination Adsorption

Risk factors for avian influenza virus in backyard poultry flocks and environments in Zhejiang Province,China:a crosssectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 635-644页

作者： Xiao-Xiao Wang Wei Cheng Zhao Yu She-Lan Liu Hai-Yan Mao En-Fu Chen Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention 3399 Binsheng RoadBinjiang DistrictHangzhouZhejiang 310051People’s Republic of China

Background:Human infection of avian influenza virus(AIV)remains a great *** live poultry markets are believed to be associated with human infections,ever more infections have been reported in rural areas with backyard poultry,especially in the fifth epidemic of ***,limited information is available on backyard poultry infection and surrounding environmental ***:Two surveillance systems and a field survey were used to collect data and samples in Zhejiang *** total,4538 samples were collected by surveillance systems and 3171 from the field survey between May 2015 and May 2017,while 352 backyard poultry owners were interviewed in May 2017 by questionnaire to investigate factors influencing the prevalence of avian influenza A virus and other AIV ***-PCR was used to test the nucleic acids of *** 10.1 software was used to generate *** and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for AIV ***:Of the 428 poultry premises observed by the surveillance system,53(12.38%)were positive for influenza A *** the 352 samples from poultry premises observed by field survey,13(3.39%)were positive for influenza A *** prevalence of AIV was unevenly distributed and the dominant subtype differed among ***(Shaoxing and Ningbo)and southern(Wenzhou)cities exhibited a higher prevalence of AIV(16.33,8.94,and 7.30%respectively).contamination of AIV subtypes was most severe in January,especially in 2016(23.26%,70/301).The positive rate of subtype H5/H7/H9 was 2.53%(115/4538).Subtype H5 was the least prevalent,while subtypes H7 and H9 had similar positivity rates(1.50 and 1.32%respectively).Poultry flocks and environmental samples had a similar prevalence of AIV(4.46%vs 5.06%).The type of live birds was a risk factor and the sanitary condition of the setting was a protective factor against influenza A ***:AIV subtypes were prevalent in ba

关键词： Risk factor Avian influenza virus Backyard poultry environmental contamination

Persistence of Coumarins Rodenticidas Brodifacoum and Coumatetralyl in Brazilian Urban Environment

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第3期3卷 266-271页

作者： Solange Papini Rita de Cassia Boccuzzi Prisco Vera Lucia Tedeschi Savoy Eliane Vieira Luiz Carlos Luchini City Hall of Sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil Biological Institute Sao PauloBrazil

The chemical control of Rattus norvegicus in S?o Paulo city has been done using coumarins rodenticides as paraffin block and powder contact. The brodifacoum-paraffin block is placed in culverts and similar sites being subject to the action of the weather that can change the concentration of active ingredient. Whereas coumatetralyl-powder contact is applied on the entrance of the burrows, being subject to the action of the weather, that can help in the active ingredient degradation and its transference to other environments. There is not information on the environmental persistence of these active ingredients in their formulations after placing on the environment. So this research evaluated the persistence of brodifacoum-paraffin block and coumatetralyl-powder contact after two months under environmental conditions. One hundred blocks were put in culverts and weekly, during two months, three blocks were retreated and submitted to extraction and the extract analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography for quantification of active ingredient. The coumatetralyl-powder contact was applied in experimental systems simulating the field conditions. Soil and water samples were collected weekly, for two months, submitted to the extraction and the extracts analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography for quantification of active ingredient. The results pointed the stability of brodi-facoum-paraffin block under real application environmental conditions because 100% of active ingredient was recovered after exposition of the blocks. However, there was decreased about 80% in the concentration of coumatetralyl-powder contact on top soil during two months of environmental exposition, however there was not found it in water sample.

关键词： Hydroxycoumarin Rodenticide environmental contamination

Radiological and X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of Bauxite and Rutile Ore Contaminated Environment in Kanam and Wase Mineral Exploration Sites, Plateau State-Nigeria

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Journal of environmental Protection 2023年第10期14卷 841-858页

作者： Adams Udoji Itodo Raymond Ahulle Wuana Ishaq Shaibu Eneji Emmanuel Duwongs Bulus Department of Chemistry Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Two non-destructive analytical techniques (gamma spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer) were employed in the analysis of bauxite and rutile ore and their vicinity soil and control sourced within the Kanam and Wase mineral exploration sites. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th, and 40K in the soil samples received from bauxite and rutile mineral mining vicinities revealed high concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K compared to the control soil samples sourced 500 m away from the mineral exploration vicinities. Radiological detriments RLI, AUI, Hin and Hex unveiled values exceeding the radiation standard concentration (>1) for soil. X-ray diffraction characterization of bauxite ore revealed the interlocking minerals of Bauxite (18)%, Albite (11)%, Garnet (15)%, Illite (6)% and Muscovite (43)% in various proportions obtained within the 2θ range (9.18 to 64.4) and a peak value (intensity, cps) of 3400. Pure bauxite percentage in the ore meets metallurgical grade (15 - 25)%. X-ray diffraction of rutile ore revealed the minerals of rutile (40)%, quartz (21.4)%, ilmenite (27)% and garnet (11.8)% found within the 2θ range (27.5 to 35.6) and a peak value intensity of 31.1 - 100.0 cps also meeting the metallurgical grade of 15% - 25%. The major environmental concern associated with the mineral-sands industry is the radiation hazards, pollution of ground-water sources from heavy metals, mineral transport with heavy equipment’s, dredging operations in fragile coastal area and clearing of vegetation.

关键词： Radiology Mineralogy Mining Bauxite and Rutile Ores environmental contamination Radiological detriments X-Ray Diffractometer Gamma Spectrometer Control Soil

Microbial resistance to the heavy metal pollutant

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Acta Geochimica 2006年第S1期 87-87页

作者： Hua JIANG1, Xiaojing HU2, Xiaoqing WEI1 1 Life Science College of Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning, Dalian 116029, China 2 Liaoning Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Dalian 116001, China