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Elevational diversity gradients across seed plant taxonomic levels in the Lancang River Nature Reserve： role of temperature, water and the mid-domain effect

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第4期29卷 1110-1116页

作者： Jie Gao Xing Zhang Zhifeng Luo Junjie Lan Yanhong Liu Forestry College of Beijing Forestry University No. 35 Qinghua East Road Beijing 100083 People's Republic of China Powerchina Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited No 115 Renmin East Road Kunming 650051 People's Republic of China

It remains unclear whether the elevational diversity gradients observed in seed plants across different taxonomic levels （family, genus, and species） are driven by the same macro-environmental variables. In this study, seed plant elevational distribution data from the Lancang River Nature Reserve （Yunnan, China） were used to investigate spatial patterns in diversity and their environ- mental correlates, comparing across taxonomic levels. Environmental variables included energy availability, climate seasonality and environmental heterogeneity. All taxonomic levels （family, genus, and species） were found to have strong elevational richness gradients, with the strength of the gradient weakening at higher taxonomic levels. Spatial patterns in richness were explained by a combination of contemporary environmental variables and the mid-domain effect at all taxonomic levels. The independent effects of temperature- and precipitation-related variables were similar in explaining geographical patterns of family, genus and species richness. energy, seasonality and heterogeneity variables influenced seed plant spatial richness at different taxonomic levels in similar ways.

关键词： Elevational diversity gradients Lancang River Nature Reserve energy availability Climate seasonality Environmental heterogeneity

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Relationships Between Estimated Hourly energy Balance and Body Composition in Professional Cheerleaders

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第1期1卷 69-77页

作者： Moriah P.Bellissimo Ashley D.Licata Anita Nucci Walter Thompson Dan Benardot Laboratory for Elite Athlete Performance Department of NutritionGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences Laney Graduate SchoolEmory University101 Woodruff Cir NEWMRB 1337AtlantaGA 30322USA Department of Nutrition Byrdine F.Lewis School of Nursing and Health ProfessionsGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Kinesiology and Health College of Education and Human DevelopmentGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Center for the Study of Human Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

Purpose We sought to describe and examine the interrelationships between energy intake,body composition,and estimated energy *** Using self-reported hourly food intake and formula-based energy expenditure(EE)protocols,19 female profes-sional cheerleaders(mean age 25.4 years)were assessed to obtain energy balance(EB)for a typical training *** intake(EI)was predicted using the USDA Food Composition Database SR27,and EE was predicted using the Harris-Benedict equation plus a MET-based relative intensity activity *** composition was predicted using a multi-current,8-mode segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis *** and daily EB was calculated from EI and EE *** Subjects reported a 24 h EI significantly below(Penergy requirement(1482 kcal vs.2199 kcal,respectively),resulting in an average negative net EB of−720 *** intake was significantly below the minimum recommended level(3.1 g/kg vs.6 g/kg,Penergy intakes that resulted in large EB deficits and/or more hours in a negative EB,which could be counterproductive for achieving a lean body composition overtime.

关键词： Athlete energy availability energy deficit RED-S Restrictive diet Nutrition

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