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neutralized solar energetic particles for SEP forecasting:Feasibility study of an innovative technique for space weather applications

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 42-51页

作者： Xiao-Dong Wang B.Klecker G.Nicolaou S.Barabash M.Wieser P.Wurz A.Galli F.Cipriani Y.Futaana Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden Max-Planck Institute für extraterrestrische Physik GarchingGermany Physics Institute University of BernBernSwitzerland ESA/ESTEC Research and Scientific Support DepartmentNoordwijkThe Netherlands

energetic neutral atoms(ENAs)are produced by the neutralization of energetic ions formed by shock-accelerated gradual solar energetic particle events(SEP).These high-energy ENAs(HENAs)can reach the Earth earlier than the associated SEPs and thus can provide information about the SEPs at the lower *** HENA properties observed at Earth depend on the properties of the coronal mass ejection(CME)-driven shocks that accelerate the *** a model of HENA production in a shock-accelerated SEP event,we semi-quantitatively investigate the energy-time spectrum of HENAs depending on the width,propagation speed,and direction of the shock,as well as the density and ion abundances of the lower *** to the baseline model parameters,the cases with a wider shock width angle or a higher coronal density would increase the HENA flux observed at the Earth,while the case with an Earthpropagating shock shows a softened HENA *** comparison of expected HENA fluxes in different cases with a flight-proven ENA instrument suggests that solar HENAs can feasibly be monitored with current technologies,which could provide a lead time of 2−3 hours for SEPs at a few *** propose that monitoring of solar HENAs could provide a new method to forecast shock-driven SEP events that are capable of significant space weather impacts on the near-Earth environment.

关键词： solar energetic particles energetic neutral atoms space weather numerical simulation

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Report on Science Project for Probing the High-Latitude Ionosphere with Complementary Radar and energetic neutral Atom(ENA)Measurements

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第6期5卷 607-610页

作者： Daniel Martini Carl-Fredrik Enell Anita Aiko Thomas Ulich Young-Sil Kwak School of Space Research Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea EISCAT Scientific Association KirunaSweden Space Physics Group University of OuluOuluFinland Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory University of OuluSodankylaFinland Korean Astronomy and Space Science Institute(KASI) DaejeonKorea

Vast magnetospheric regions are mapped along the field lines to the narrow latitudinal band of the polar/auroral regions. Therefore monitoring of solar wind energy dissipation into the ionosphere at auroral latitudes gives unique opportunities to study geomagnetic disturbances in their complexity from a relatively well-localized vantage point. Here we introduce and present the current state of a recently proposed science project for coordinated monitoring of high-latitude activity with the EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter) radar array supported by ground-based magnetometer and optical data and ENA (energetic neutral Atom) observation from the CINEMA (Cube-Sat for Ions, neutrals, Electrons and Magnetic field) satellite system.

关键词： energetic neutral atoms Incoherent Scatter Radar Satellite Observation Ionsphere Geomagnetic Activity

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The causal sequence investigation of the ring current ion-flux increasing and the magnetotail ion injection during a major storm

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第10期59卷 129-144页

作者： LU Li S MCKENNA-LAWLOR CAO JinBin K KUDELA J BALAZ National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Space Technology Ireland National University of IrelandMaynoothCo.KildareIreland School of Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics andAstronauticsBeijing 100191China Institute of Experimental Physics KosiceSlovakia

Comprehensive records are available in ENA data of ring current activity recorded by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2 on 15 May, 2005 during a major magnetic storm （which incorporated a series of substorms）. Ion fluxes at 4-min temporal resolution derived from ENA data in the energy ranges 50-81 and 81-158 keV are compared with in situ particle fluxes measured by the LANL-SOPA instruments aboard LANL-01, LANL-02, LANL-97, and LANL-84 （a series of geostationary satellites that encircle the equatorial plane at -6.6 RE）. Also, magnetic fields measured simultaneously by the magetometers aboard GOES-10 and GOES-12 （which are also geostationary satellites） are compared with the particle data. It is demonstrated that ion fluxes in the ring current were enhanced during geomagnetic field tailward stretching in the growth phases of substorms rather than after Earthward directed dipolarization events. This observation, which challenges the existing concept that ring current particles are injected Earthward from the magnetotail following dipolarization events, requires further investigation using a large number of magnetic storm events.

关键词： energetic neutral atoms Ring current energetic particles energetic ions injection

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Ring current injections associated with eastward gradient-B drift at high latitudes during a major storm on 15 May, 2005 Running title: A possible ring current injection path

Ring current injections associated with eastward gradient-B ...

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第十四届全国日地空间物理学术研讨会

作者： S.McKenna-Lawlor S.Barabash K.Kudela J.Balaz G.D.Reeves Space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co.Kildare Ireland Swedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna Sweden

A complete record is available in ENA data of ring current activity recorded by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2 on 15 May, 2005 during a major magnetic storm (including a substorm that occurred in the recovery phase) (. Comparisons of the ion fluxes derived from ENA data in the energy ranges 50-81 keV and 81-158 keV with in situ particle fluxes measured by the LANL-SOPA instruments aboard LANL-01, LANL-02, LANL-97 and LANL-84 (a series of geosynchronous satellites that encircle the equatorial plane at 6.6 RE near the outer radiation belt) are presented. It is shown that ion injections into the ring current began from the dayside. During the storm the pressure of the solar wind compressed the magnetopause Earthward so that ions spiraling around magnetic field lines in the magnetosphere were energized on the dayside and flowed poleward along the magnetic field lines. It was deduced that energetic ions could drift eastward into the night side from the dusk side along the magnetic field gradient beyond Bz energetic ions collected in the dusk-night sector during the main phase of the storm were impelled at low latitudes (Bz > 0) under the westward gradient-B drift to pass through the dusk side to the dayside.

关键词： energetic neutral atoms Ring current energetic particles magnetic field gradient drift

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