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Anti-encystment and amoebicidal activity of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its major constituent Chlorogenic acid in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第9期9卷 844-850页

作者： Tooba Mahboob Abdul-Majid Azlan Tian-Chye Tan Chandramathi Samudi Shamala Devi Sekaran Veeranoot Nissapatorn Christophe Wiart Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan 56000 Semenyih

Objective:To examine the acanthamoebicidal effects of ethyl acetate,aqueous and butanol fractions of dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica(***) Thunb.(Flos Lonicerae) in ***:Acanthamoeba triangularis isolates were obtained from environmental water samples and identified by *** were exposed to ethyl acetate,water and butanol fractions of *** *** concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/m L to 1.5 mg/m *** extracts were evaluated for growth inhibition at 24,48 and 72 h,*** acid at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was examined for inhibition of ***:Ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL evoked a significant reduction of trophozoite viability by 48.9% after 24 h,49.2% after 48 h and 33.7% after 72 h Chlorogenic acid,the major active constituent of *** *** the concentration of 1 mg/mL reduced the cysts/trophozoite ratio by 100% after 24 h,84.0% after 48 h and 72.3% after 72 *** phenolic compound at concentration of 1 mg/mL concurrent with 0.6% hydrogen peroxide inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced encystment by 92.8% at 72 ***:Results obtained from this study show that ethyl acetate fraction at 1.5 mg/m L is the most potent fraction of *** *** its major constituent chlorogenic acid showed the remarkable inhibition of encystment at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

关键词： Acanthamoeba spp. Amoebicidal Chlorogenic acid encystment Lonicera japonica Thunb.

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Solid sand particle addition can enhance the production of resting cysts in dinoflagellates

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 273-280页

作者： YANG Aoao HU Zhangxi TANG Yingzhong CASKey Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China

Resting cysts are an important part of the life cycle for many harmful algal bloom-forming dinoflagellates, and play vital roles in the recurrence and geographical spread of harmful algal blooms. Numerous factors have been suggested to regulate the formation of resting cysts, although only a few have been proven to be significant. Cyst formation can be induced by adverse environmental conditions such as drastic changes in temperature, light, salinity, and nutrient levels, and by biological interactions. In this study, we evaluated the ability of an artificial factor(fine sand particles) to enhance the formation of resting cysts. Fine sand particles were added to cultures of dinoflagellates that are known to produce cysts. The addition of fine sand particles significantly increased both the production rate and final yield of cysts in cultures of S crippsiella trochoidea, Biecheleria brevisulcata, and Levanderina fissa(= Gymnodinium fissum, Gyrodinium instriatum, Gyr odinium uncatenum). The largest increase in the final yield(107-fold) of cysts as a result of sand addition was in S. trochoidea. However, addition of fine sand particles did not induce cyst formation, or barely af fected cyst formation, in A kashiwo san guinea, Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Pheopolykrikos hartmannii, which are also known to be cyst-producing species. We speculated that addition of sand significantly increased the chances of cell collision, which triggered cyst formation. However, further research is required to test this idea. Importantly, our findings indicate that the addition of fine sand particles is a useful method to obtain a large quantity of cysts in a short time for laboratory studies or tests; for example, if a cyst viability test is being used to assess the eff ectiveness of ships' ballast water treatment.

关键词： sand resting cyst encystment Scrippsiella trochoidea Biecheleria brevisulcata Levanderina fissa

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