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Evaluating the usage of fault localization in automated program repair:an empirical study

Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第1期15卷 53-67页

作者： Deheng YANG Yuhua QI Xiaoguang MAO Yan LEI College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems Changsha 410073China Beijing Institute of Tracking and Communication Technology Beijing 100094China School of Big Data&Software Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Fault localization techniques are originally proposed to assist in manual debugging by generally producing a rank list of suspicious *** the increasing popularity of automated program repair,the fault localization techniques have been introduced to effectively reduce the search space of automated program *** developers who mainly focus on the rank information,current automated program repair has two strategies to use the fault localization information:suspiciousness-first algorithm(SFA)based on the suspiciousness accuracy and rank-first algorithm(RFA)relying on the rank ***,despite the fact that the two different usages are widely adopted by current automated program repair and may result in different repair results,little is known about the impacts of the two strategies on automated program *** this paper we empirically compare the performance of SFA and RFA in the context of automated program ***,we implement the two strategies and six well-studied fault localization techniques into four state-of-the-art automated program repair tools,and then use these tools to perform repair experiments on 60 real-world bugs from *** study presents a number of interesting findings:RFA outperforms SFA in 70.02%of cases when measured by the number of candidate patches generated before a valid patch is found(NCP),while SFA performs better in parallel repair and patch diversity;the performance of SFA can be improved by increasing the suspiciousness accuracy of fault localization techniques;finally,we use SimFix that deploys SFA to successfully repair four extra Defects4J bugs which cannot be repaired by SimFix originally using *** observations provide a new perspective for future research on the usage and improvement of fault localization in automated program repair.

关键词： automated program repair fault localization empirical study

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Effectiveness of exploring historical commits for developer recommendation： an empirical study

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2018年第3期12卷 528-544页

作者： Xiaobing SUN Hui YANG Hareton LEUNG Bin LI Hanchao (Jerry) LI Lingzhi LIAO School of Information Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225127 China Information Technology Research Base of Civil Aviation Administration of China Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin 300300 China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Coventry University Coventry CVI 5FB UK State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

Developer recommendation is an essential task for resolving incoming issues in the evolution of software. Many developer recommendation techniques have been developed in the literature; among these studies, most techniques usually combined historical commits as supplementary information with bug repositories and/or source-code repositories to recommend developers. However, the question of whether the messages in historical commits are always useful has not yet been answered. This article aims at solving this problem by conducting an empirical study on four open-source projects. The results show that：（1） the number of meaningful words of the commit description has an impact on the quality of the commit, and a larger number of meaningful words in the description means that it can generally better reflect developers＇ expertise; （2） using commit description to recommend the relevant developers is better than that using relevant files that are recorded in historical commits; （3） developers tend to change the relevant files that they have changed many times before; （4） developers generally tend to change the files that they have changed recently.

关键词： developer recommendation historical commits empirical study

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Forecasting technical debt evolution in software systems:an empirical study

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第3期17卷 63-75页

作者： Lerina AVERSANO Mario Luca BERNARDI Marta CIMITILE Martina IAMMARINO Debora MONTANO Department of Engineering University of SannioBenevento 82100Italy Department of Law and Economics Unitelma Sapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy

Technical debt is considered detrimental to the long-term success of software development,but despite the numerous studies in the literature,there are still many aspects that need to be investigated for a better understanding of *** particular,the main problems that hinder its complete understanding are the absence of a clear definition and a model for its identification,management,and *** on forecasting technical debt,there is a growing notion that preventing technical debt build-up allows you to identify and address the riskiest debt items for the project before they can permanently compromise ***,despite this high relevance,the forecast of technical debt is still little *** this end,this study aims to evaluate whether the quality metrics of a software system can be useful for the correct prediction of the technical ***,the data related to the quality metrics of 8 different open-source software systems were analyzed and supplied as input to multiple machine learning algorithms to perform the prediction of the technical *** addition,several partitions of the initial dataset were evaluated to assess whether prediction performance could be improved by performing a data *** results obtained show good forecasting performance and the proposed document provides a useful approach to understanding the overall phenomenon of technical debt for practical purposes.

关键词： technical debt empirical study software quality metrics machine learning

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Why API documentation is insufficient for developers: an empirical study

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 248-250页

作者： Qiang FAN Yue YU Tao WANG Gang YIN Huaimin WANG Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing College of ComputerNational University of Defense Technology

Dear editor,Application programming interface (API) documentation plays an important role in software development and reuse [1] for both API maintainers and API *** documentation helps developers understand and reuse codes effectively [2] and focus their time on desired interfaces and functions instead of the entire system [3].Most high-quality open source projects maintain complete and informative official *** documentation typically conveys detailed specifications,such as class/inter face hierarchies and method descriptions,which can be of great benefit to developers [4].However,despite its authoritativeness and thoroughness,single-sourced official documentation does not always meet the developers'requirements [5].

关键词： API documentation Android online survey Stack Overflow empirical study

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Exploring the coupling relationship of industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy considering spatiotemporal differentiation:An empirical study in China’s construction machinery industry

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023年第2期10卷 285-299页

作者： Zhao XU Xiang WANG Gang WU School of Civil Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Construction and Maintenance Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Although China’s construction machinery thrives to meet the needs of construction,a number of challenges still remain to be overcome,such as lack of thorough knowledge of regional disparities and several limitations in terms of carbon emissions and economic ***,a low-carbon economy was proposed and implemented in *** research aims to investigate the differences in industrial agglomeration of construction machineries and further explore the relationship between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon *** this basis,spatiotemporal analysis was performed to evaluate the levels of industrial agglomeration in different regions based on the situations of China’s construction machinery ***,this study explored the interaction between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy utilizing the coupling coordination analysis *** showed that the coupling coordination of the two subsystems was extremely unbalanced in 2006,and it maintained an increasing trend,reaching a relatively high level in ***,suggestions,such as establishing a policy guarantee system and implementing variable policies in different regions,were proposed to provide guidelines for the government decision-making and promote the sustainable development of China’s construction machinery industry.

关键词： spatiotemporal differentiation industrial agglomeration low-carbon economy construction machinery industry empirical study

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An empirical study of Code Clone Clustering Based on Clone Evolution

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2017年第2期24卷 10-18页

作者： Fanlong Zhang Xiaohong Su Wen Zhao Tiantian Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

There are lots of code clones appearing in software,which are similar code fragments with each other. In the past decades,researchers have proposed some state-of-the-art methods to detect clones. The code clones have showing some relationship with the evolution of software. In order to explore relationships between clones and their evolution,we propose a framework to cluster clones with a Fuzzy C-means clustering ***,we detect all the clones using Ni Cad,and build the clone genealogies for multiple versions ***,we extract some metrics to describe the clones and their evolution. Finally,we cluster all clone's vectors,which are generated with the different metrics for different proposes. Experimental results on six open source software packages have shown the relationships among the clone life,the number of change times,the clone pattern and et al. can help developers to understand clones.

关键词： code clones clone clustering clone analysis clone evolution empirical study

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An empirical study on the Determination and Coliection Rules for Marital Community Debts

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Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2023年第1期18卷 59-86页

作者： WANG Yi BAO Dingyurui Civil and Commercial Law Science Research Center Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China S.J.D Candidate Law School University of Michigan

In dealing with the problem of determining whether a debt should be a marital community debt and how such a debt should be collected,judges may have different value orientations regarding the tradeoff between the protection of marriage and family and the protection of the creditors,which needs to be studied based on empirical *** the Judicial Interpretationss[2018]No.2(Fa Shi[2018]No.2)was enacted,we analyzed 863 judgments and motions of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China(PRC)and the high people's courts,and found that under the framework of existing normative regime,judges can still reach different valuejudgmentssbasedondifferent interpretative *** differed in interpreting the terms of“common intent,”“family daily needs,”“common livelihood,”and1“joint production and operation,”and they applied various debt collection *** facts indicate that sometimes judges have a complex value balancing process in marginal cases,and they have made different value judgmenttthroughh extending or confining debt determination rules or debt collection *** some other cases,the different application of rules indicate that judges have interpreted those rules in a wrong *** studying the judges'existing value orientations and how judges made their decisions,we can evaluate whether existing rules for determining and collecting marital community debts have balanced conflicting values properly,and such facts can also build further consensus for the development of rules.

关键词： marital community debts rules for debt collection property responsible for debts empirical study

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empirical study on the antecedents of multinational enterprises’ oversea subsidiaries staffing

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Journal of Chongqing University 2006年第1期5卷 57-62页

作者：陶凤鸣 College of Economics and Business Administration Chongqing University

Based on probing into the literature on multinational enterprise (MNE) staffing, we set up a concept model for MNEs’ subsidiary staffing by two groups of influencing factors: the national differences bwteen the parent country and the host country, and the strategies employed by MNEs. We also tested the model and proposed propositions by a sample evaluation method, specifically with 1 000 copies of questionnaires given out to managers or directors of MNEs’ subsidiaries in China Mainland and resulting in 151 sets of valid answers. The empirical study supports that national differences between the parent country and the host country and the strategies employed by MNEs do have impact on the subsidiary staffing, and MNE headquarters should make different staffing plans according to the difference of nations and strategies. We welcome testing our model by peer researchers in other country.

关键词： oversea subsidiaries staffing model structural equation model empirical study

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empirical study of College Teachers’Attitude Toward Introducing Mobile Learning to Classroom Teaching

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国际计算机前沿大会会议论文集 2020年第2期 574-587页

作者： Dan Ren Liang Liao Yuanhui Li Xia Liu Sanya Aviation and Tourism College SanyaHainanChina Beijing Hollysys System Engineering Co.Ltd. BeijingChina

With the rapid development of information technology and high broad reach of internet,mobile learning is becoming increasingly *** this paper,a mobile-learning method is proposed to explore college teachers’attitude toward introducing mobile learning to classroom *** experiment was implemented to investigate teachers’attitude and classroom teaching *** results show that they hold an affirmative attitude toward mobile learning,and different mobile learning platforms were applied into almost every step of their classroom *** to traditional teaching method,mobile learning has prominent advantages,such as instant and interactive way of teaching,fast updating knowledge,simple and convenient assessment function,various teaching approaches and improvements on students’learner *** introducing mobile learning to classroom teaching,teachers’main concern falls on that students use mobile devices to do other things in the name of study and can’t balance their time spent on mobile ***,a suggestion is given that it is better for teachers to combine mobile learning with traditional teaching methods to achieve the best teaching effect.

关键词： Mobile learning College teachers Attitude Classroom teaching empirical study

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empirical study on Standardization Curricula in Chinese Universities

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China Standardization 2010年第1期55卷 11-14页

作者： Zhao Chaoyi Pang Zhenghu （Sub-institute of General Standardization CNIS

This paper summarizes partial findings on education about standardization by CNIS in 2008. As of December 31, 2008, 21 universities and colleges in China had established a standardization curriculum. This paper deals with standardization education related to economic management, engineering, agriculture and science of law and summarizes respondents＇ opinions on teaching performances and design of teaching materials and curriculums.

关键词： empirical study education standardization and curriculum

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