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Impact of the emigration of nurses on health care delivery system in selected hospitals,Benin‑City,Edo State,Nigeria

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2020年第3期2卷 110-115页

作者： Olaolorunpo OLORUNFEMI David Idenyi AGBO Omotayo Mercy OLORUNFEMI Esther OdoghoOKUPAPAT Department of Medical Surgical Nursing School of NursingUniversity of Benin Teaching Hospital Department of Measurement and Evaluation University of Benin Teaching Hospital Staff School Department of Perioperative Nursing School of Postbasic Nursing StudiesUniversity of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin-cityEdo StateNigeria

Background:Globally,there is a high demand for nurses,resulting in migration from low‑to high‑income *** emigration of nurses is the act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another country,leading to a shortage in the number of nurses in their home ***,this study aims to assess the impact of the emigration of nurses on the health‑care delivery system in *** and Methods:A descriptive cross‑sectional survey was conducted with a stratified sampling technique to select 270 nurses from three selected hospitals in Benin‑city Edo state.A self‑structured questionnaire with open and Likert scale questions were used as an instrument to assess the Impact of the emigration of nurses on the Health Care Delivery *** collected were analyzed using tables,percentages,means,standard deviation and t‑***:The result showed a mean score of 1.59±0.92 impacts of the emigration of nurses on health‑care delivery system and identified how to reduce *** study also showed that there is no significant difference between gender and reason for emigration among nurses(t=3.84,P≤0.001).Conclusion:The emigration of nurses is severely affecting the health care delivery system in the ***,the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria gave the directive for training schools to increase their training capacity and number of students’intake to cushion the effect,and this study shows that this palliative can only be a short time measure,and however will encourage more nurses traveling abroad on the long ***,the hospital managers and government should provide a conducive working environment,better remuneration,attractive retirement benefit,and other incentives as a push in factor for nurses to stay back in their home countries.

关键词： emigration health‑care system migration Nigeria nurses

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Italian Non-Fiction Literature Towards the Phenomenon of Contemporary emigration From Africa and the Near East on the Apennine Peninsula

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2017年第7期7卷 792-800页

作者： Sylwia Szarejko University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland

The phenomenon of recent emigration on the Apennine Peninsula is quite fresh but intense. The emigration literary culture which is formed in this exile is not very abundant, but with distinct trends between certificating and documenting the experiences of immigrants. Reportages play an important role, including A Sud di Lampedusa. Cinque anni di viaggi sulle rotte dei migranti by Stefano Liberti, A Lampedusa. Affari, malaffari, rivolta e sconfitta dell＇isola che voleva diventare la porta d＇Europa, a book written by Italian journalists Fabio Sanfilippo and Alice Scialoja, and a diary La scelta di Catia written by Catia Pellegrino. In addition, many materials （including journalistic materials） confirm the existence of a preliminary reconnaissance, however, requires further research. Italian documentaries, personal opinions and comments that go far beyond literature in the strict sense complement the panorama of contemporary emigration which comes from Africa and the Near East. However, they allow us to understand better the area of psychosocial determinants of individual migration decisions and specificity of the migrants＇ experience, including the experience of the community. How do human solidarity and effectiveness work in the process of the emigration on the European continent？ An analysis of the phenomenon of the emigration on the Apennine Peninsula is inextricably linked with the questions about the confrontation and integration, about the literature which is created in this community and the impact political correctness has on its shape, as well as about the new model of immigrant/the African/the European.

关键词： Italian non-fiction literature emigration the Apennine Peninsula

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Socio-economic and Socio-political Effects of emigration on the Sending Countries

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Economics World 2018年第4期6卷 325-330页

作者： Magdalena Bonev Walltopia Austria GmbH ViennaAustria

Migration is one of the most prominent phenomena in these ultimate *** has brought some good consequences and economic development,but also a number of socio-economical and socio-political problems,such as decreasing population in the sending countries,brain drain,labour market shortages,*** paper focuses on the reasons why people emigrate from their countries of origin and what effects bring their emigration to the national *** purpose of the paper is to explain the emigration impact on the labour market in the sending countries,the phenomenon“brain drain”and its effects,the impact of the remittances,and the importance of Diasporas and return migration for the countries of origin.

关键词： emigration effects developing countries sending economies

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Sonic hedgehog protein promotes bone marrow-derived endothelial pro-genitor cell proliferation,migration and VEGF production via PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第6期27卷 685-693页

作者： Jin-rong FU~2 Wen-li LIU~(2,4)Jian-feng ZHOU~2 Han-ying SUN~2 Hui-zhen XU~2 Li LUO~2 Heng ZHANG~2 Yu-feng ZHOU~3 2 Department of Hematology.Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China:3 Department of Pediatrics,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China DepartmentofHematology TongjiHospitalTongjiMedicalCollegeHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430030China DepartmentofPediatrics TongjiHospitalTongjiMedicalCollegeHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology

Aim:To investigate the effects of Sonic hedgehog(shh)protein on bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells(BM-EPC)proliferation,migration and vascu-lar endothelial growth factor(VEGF)production,and the potential signaling path-ways involved in these ***:Bone marrow-derived Flk-1~+ cells wereenriched using the MACS system from adult Kunming mice and then BM-EPCwas cultured in gelatin-coated culture *** effects of shh N-terminal pep-tide on BM-EPC proliferation were evaluated using the MTT colorimetric *** migration was assayed using a modified Boyden chamber *** of VEGF was determined by ELISA and immunofluorescence *** potential involvement of PKC and PI3K signaling pathways was exploredusing selective inhibitor or Western ***:The proliferation,migrationand VEGF production in BM-EPC could be promoted by endogenous shh N-terminal peptide at concentrations of 0.1μg/mL to 10 μg/mL,and could be inhib-ited by anti-shh ***-mediated proliferation and migration in BM-EPCcould be partly attenuated by ***-PI3-kinase expression in newlyseparated BM-EPC was low,and it increased significantly when exogenous shhN-terminal peptide was added,but could be attenuated by anti-human/mouse shhN-terminal peptide ***,the inhibitor of the PI3-kinase,but notthe inhibitor of the PKC,significantly inhibited the shh-mediated proliferation,migration and VEGF ***:Shh protein can stimulate bonemarrow-derived BM-EPC proliferation,migration and VEGF production,whichmay promote neovascularization to ischemic *** results also suggeststhat the PI3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the angiogenic effectsof shh.

关键词： mouse Sonic hedgehog protein endothelial cells stem cells protein kinase C 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase vascular endothelial growth factor A cell proliferation emigration immigration

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Dispersing male Parnassius smintheus butterflies are more strongly affected by forest matrix than are females

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 932-944页

作者： Jennifer Goff Catherine Yerke Nusha Keyghobadi Stephen F.Matter Department of Biological Sciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA Department of Biology Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Dispersal is a central aspect of the ecology, evolution, and conservation of species. Predicting how species will respond to changing environmental conditions requires understanding factors that produce variation in dispersal. We explore one source of variation, differences between sexes within a spatial population network. Here, we compare the dispersal patterns of male and female Parnassius smintheus among 18 subpopulations over 8 years using the Virtual Migration Model. Estimated dispersal parameters differed between males and females, particularly with respect to movement through meadow and forest matrix habitat. The estimated dispersal distances of males through forest were much less than for females. Observations of female movement showed that, unlike males, females do not avoid forest nor does forest exert an edge effect. We explored whether further forest encroachment in this system would have different effects for males and females by fitting mean parameter estimates to the landscape configuration seen in 1993 and 2012. Despite differences in their dispersal due presumably to both habitat and physiological differences, males and females are predicted to respond in similar ways to reduced meadow area and increased forest isolation.

关键词： dispersal edge effect emigration fragmentation immigration metapopulation

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West of Japan/East of Europe: Translating Architectural Legacies and the Case of Bruno Taut’s Hyuga Villa

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Built Heritage 2018年第2期2卷 50-61页

作者： Paolo Scrivano Marco Capitanio Department of Architecture Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina Department of System Design and Engineering Keio UniversityYokohamaJapan

Based on communications presented at the international symposium‘West of Japan/East of Europe’,hosted by the Department of Architecture at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in concomitance with the exhibition‘Bruno Taut’s Hyuga Villa in Atami,Japan’,this text discusses the question of cultural translation in architecture departing from the example of Hyuga Villa,realised by Taut in *** the inherently immobile status of architecture,architectural ideas travel widely,as well as their conceivers,the *** cultural passage implicit to translation is never flawless,*** Villa offers a good case in point,since it was conceived by an architect who had only a partial grasp of local culture and who tried to integrate elements of both Western and Japanese *** what are the implications of‘translating’architecture?Can we translate not only words but also images,details,building conventions,even aesthetic sensitivities?And is everything translatable?Applied to an artifact recognised today as an important testimony to the encounter between Western and Eastern design cultures,these questions relate to issues that are central to the debate on both architectural history and built heritage,proposing an alternative approach in terms of method and scope.

关键词： cultural translation Bruno Taut Japan Hyuga Villa emigration professional mobility European architecture Asian architecture heritage

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Y-chromosome haplotype distribution in Han Chinese populations and modern human origin in East Asians

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2001年第3期44卷 225-232页

作者：柯越海宿兵肖君华陈华黄薇陈竺褚嘉佑谈家桢金力卢大儒 Institute of Genetics and Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Science Fudan University Institute of Genetics and Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Science Fudan University Human Genetics Center University of Texas-Houston National Human Genome Center at Shanghai Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

We investigated the distribution of Y-chromosome haplotype using 19 Y-SNPs in Han Chinese populations from 22 provinces of China. Our data indicate distinctive patterns of Y chromosome between southern and northern Han Chinese populations. The southern populations are much more polymorphic than northern populations. The latter has only a subset of the southern haplotypes. This result confirms the genetic difference observed between southern and northern ethnic populations in East Asia. It supports the hypothesis that the first settlement of modern hu-mans of African origin occurred in the southern part of East Asia during the last Ice Age, and a northward migration led to the peopling of northern China.

关键词： Y-chromosome haplotype SNPs modern human origin emigration Chinese.

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A Question of Identities： Jewish Italian Immigrants in New York During and After War World II

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2016年第4期4卷 215-228页

作者： Cristina M. Bettin Ben Gurion University of the Negev Israel

There are many studies on Italian and Jewish immigration in the United States, mainly based on socio-demographic statistics, the theme of exile, Fascist anti-Semitism or ethnic conflicts. Many of these researches focus primarily on Jewish or Italians, but rarely address at Italian Jews as a whole, and, in their relation with Italian American and Jews. One of the reasons of this paucity of studies, might be the little number of Italian Jews who immigrated to the United States, especially in New York in the 1930s and 1940s, that drove several scholars not to pay really attention to this tiny group in ignoring their presence. Thus, this article aims to investigate through some memoirs, interviews and autobiographies the life of Italian Jews who were living in New York and the Metropolitan area during and after War World II, with particular emphasis to those who were born there in these years and their formation of an American identity. This essay will also clarify an Italian Jewish identity--which made Italian the role of memory and ＂nostalgia＂ in an Italian identity--above all Jews a unique group and a minority within a minority.

关键词： Italian Jews anti-Semitism emigration Jewish identity Italian identity

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A Quantitative Approach to Analyse Rural Population and Development in Some African and Southern-Central American Countries over 10 Years

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第3期3卷 189-198页

作者： Nicola Galluzzo ASGEAR Association of Geographical and Economic Studies in Rural Areas Rieti 02100 Italy

In developing countries, the emigration from rural territories to urban areas has brought about some negative impacts strictly associated to a lack of services a drop of ecological sustainability and environment protection with the consequence to worsen the marginalization of these territories. In the world, more than 50% of poverty is located in rural areas and the most incidence of it is in Sub-Saharan African countries; in Latin American nations, instead, the most percentage of poverty is located in urban areas. The aim of this research was to estimate, by a multiple regression model, in 46 countries of Africa and in 23 nations of Souther-Central America, which socio-economic variables were able to play a fundamental role on the rural population and on the development of rural areas in 2000 and 2010 using some statistical data published in the FAO Statistic book. In analysed African countries there has been an increase of people living in the rural space and a growth by 21% of agricultural Gross Domestic Product （GDP）. In Southern and Central American nations, there has been a meaningful emigration from rural territories due to an expansion of commercial flows and per capita income in rich areas, thus people have decided to move from the rural territories to the urban territories, worsening the poverty and living conditions in the countryside.

关键词： Rural areas developing countries emigration social capital multiple regression model agricultural gross domesticproduct.

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我国人口文化素质明显提高

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中国劳动 1996年第7期 43-43页

我国人口文化素质明显提高“控制人口数量，提高人口素质”是我国的基本国策，１９９５年全国ｌ％人口抽样调查结果表明，１９９５年我国人口文化程度的构成同１９９０年相比发生了显著变化。一、１５岁及１５岁以上文盲半文盲人口大量... 详细信息

我国人口文化素质明显提高“控制人口数量，提高人口素质”是我国的基本国策，１９９５年全国ｌ％人口抽样调查结果表明，１９９５年我国人口文化程度的构成同１９９０年相比发生了显著变化。一、１５岁及１５岁以上文盲半文盲人口大量减少，扫盲工作成绩显著。１９９５年...

关键词： emigration resources developing ways

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