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A case study investigating the efects of emergency vaccination with Brucella abortus A19 vaccine on a dairy farm undergoing an abortion outbreak in China

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Animal Diseases 2022年第4期2卷 246-257页

作者： Yu Wang Yan Wang Qingjie Peng Zhijie Xiang Yingyu Chen Guiqiang Wang Xijuan Wu Aizhen Guo Ian D.Robertson State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Hubei International Scientifc and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina China-Australia Joint Research and Training Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Technology Centre of Bio-Agricultural Angel Yeast CoLtdYichangChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Hubei Dairy Herd Improvement Center WuhanChina School of Veterinary Medicine Murdoch UniversityPerthWAAustralia

Brucellosis is an important zoonosis that results in substantial economic losses to the livestock industry through abortions and reduced milk *** study investigated an abortion outbreak in a dairy herd and then explored the efects of emergency vaccination with Brucella abortus A19 vaccine on the incidence of abortion and milk yield.A full dose of vaccine(6×10^(10)—12×10^(10)colony forming units,CFU)was administered subcutaneously to calves and non-pregnant heifers,and a reduced dose(6×10^(8)—12×10^(8)CFU)to adult cows and pregnant replacement *** Bengal Test was used to screen Brucella infection status and then positive samples were tested with a *** that tested positive for both tests were considered positive to Brucella *** animal-level seroprevalence of brucellosis was 23.1%(95%CI:17.0,30.2),and the attributable fraction of abortions in seropositive animals was 89.1%(95%CI:64.3,96.7).The odds of seropositivity were signifcantly higher in cows that aborted compared to cows that calved normally(OR=21.4,95%CI:4.4,168.4).Cows in sheds A2 and C1 were 10.2(95%CI:1.4,128.0)and 17.0(95%CI:2.8,190.3)times more likely to be seropositive than cows in shed *** were not detectable in most heifers 12 months *** efectiveness of the vaccine in preventing abortions was estimated to be 56.8%(95%CI:15.8,77.8)for the entire herd,but increased to 86.7%(95%CI:4.4,98.1)when only primiparous heifers were ***,a signifcant increase in the average herd 305-day milk yield one-year after vaccination was also observed relative to that in the previous three *** is concluded that emergency vaccination of a dairy herd undergoing an abortion outbreak with the A19 vaccine efectively reduced the incidence of abortion and indirectly increased milk yield one-year after vaccination.

关键词： Brucellosis Outbreak investigation emergency vaccination Brucella abortus A19 vaccine Abortion 305-day milk yield

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Protective effect of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine against the outbreak of hepatitis A in an open rural community

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2771-2775页

作者： Yue-Gen Shen Xie-Jun Gu Jian-Hong Zhou Xiuzhou DistrictConter for Disease Control and Prevention Jiaxing 314001Zhejiang Province China

AIM： To evaluate the protective effect of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine （Healive） against hepatitis A outbreak in an emergency vaccination campaign. METHODS： During an outbreak of hepatitis A in Honghe Town, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, two nonrandomized controlled trials were conducted in September 2006. The first trial was to vaccinate 108 anti-HAV negative individuals with close contacts of the patients from September with 1 dose of an inactivated hepatYds A vaccine, HeaUve. The control group comprised of 115 individuals with close contacts of the patients before September. The second trial was to vaccinate 3365 primary and secondary school students who volunteered to receive a dose of Healive and 2572 students who did not receive Healive serving as its controls. An epidemiological survey was conducted to evaluate the pmtectk, e efficacy of the vaccine. RESULTS： A total of 136 hepatitis A cases were reported during an outbreak that started in June, peaked in August and September, and ended after December of 2006. After a massive vaccination of school children in September, the number of cases declined significantly. No hepatitis A was detected in the 108 vaccinated individuals with dose contacts of patients, whereas 4 cases of hepatitis A were found in the controls. The infection rate of hepatitis A was not significantly different in the individuals with close contacts of patients whether or not they received the vaccine （P = 0.122）. No hepatitis A was detected in the 3365 students who received the vaccine, four cases of hepatitis A were found in the controls. The infection rate of students with or without vaccination was significantly diffeent in the students who received the vaccine （0/3365 vs 4/2572, P = 0.035）. The protective efficacy of the vaccine was 100%.CONCLUSION： Inactivated hepatitis A vaccine demonstrates a good protective effect against an outbreak of hepatitis A.

关键词： Hepatitis A Outbreak Inactivated hepatitis Avaccine emergency vaccination Protective efficacy

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