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High molecular karyotype variation revealed in indigenous elymus nutans in the Qinghai Plateau

Plant Diversity 2017年第3期39卷 117-122页

作者： Quanwen Dou Feng Yu Yuan Li Yanyan Zhao Ruijuan Liu Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Plateau Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810001 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The karyotypes of 27 individuals of elymus nutans from eight wild populations in the Qinghai Plateau were analyzed using sequential FISH and GISH. High FISH pattern polymorphism and karyotype variation were detected within and among populations. The chromosome variations were mainly characterized as repeat deletions and amplifications along with inter-genomic translocations. The chromosomes of the St and Y genomes demonstrated higher polymorphism than those of the H genome. Six different intergenomic translocations were identified in 33.3% of individuals; type Ⅰ and Ⅱ translocations were detected with higher frequency. Further analysis revealed that type Ⅰ and Ⅱ translocations were distributed in different geographic regions. The origin of high karyotype variation of E. nutans in the Qinghai plateau is further discussed.

关键词： elymus nutans Karyotype variation Inter-genomic translocation

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Bacterial communities and enzyme activities during litter decomposition of elymus nutans leaf on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第10期21卷 3249-3262页

作者： ZHANG Zhiyang JIAO Yi DONG Xiaogang MA Yinshan ZHANG Shiting State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for Volatile Interactions(VOLT)and Terrestrial Ecology Section Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering Hexi UniversityZhangye 734000China

The dominant plant litter plays a crucial role in carbon(C)and nutrients cycling as well as ecosystem functions maintenance on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).The impact of litter decomposition of dominant plants on edaphic parameters and grassland productivity has been extensively studied,while its decomposition processes and relevant mechanisms in this area remain poorly *** conducted a three-year litter decomposition experiment in the Gansu Gannan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,an alpine meadow ecosystem on the QTP,to investigate changes in litter enzyme activities and bacterial and fungal communities,and clarify how these critical factors regulated the decomposition of dominant plant elymus nutans(***)*** results showed that cellulose and hemicellulose,which accounted for 95%of the initial lignocellulose content,were the main components in *** litter *** litter enzyme activities ofβ-1,4-glucosidase(BG),β-1,4-xylosidase(BX),andβ-D-cellobiosidase(CBH)decreased with decomposition while acid phosphatase,leucine aminopeptidase,and phenol oxidase increased with *** found that both litter bacterial and fungal communities changed significantly with ***,bacterial communities shifted from copiotrophic-dominated to oligotrophic-dominated in the late stage of litter *** least squares path model revealed that the decomposition of *** litter was mainly driven by bacterial communities and their secreted *** and Proteobacteria were important producers of enzymes BG,BX,and CBH,and their relative abundances were tightly positively related to the content of cellulose and hemicellulose,indicating that Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria are the main bacterial taxa of the decomposition of *** *** conclusion,this study demonstrates that bacterial communities are the main driving forces behind the decomposition of *** litter,high

关键词： Litter decomposition Lignocellulose matrix Bacterial community Litter enzyme activity elymus nutans Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Molecular cytogenetic study on the plants of elymus nutans with varying fertility on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Plant Diversity 2022年第6期44卷 617-624页

作者： Bo Liu Xiao-Yan Tao Quan-Wen Dou Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding XiningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

A molecular cytogenetic investigation was conducted on plants of the allohexaploid species elymus nutans with varying fertility on the Qinghai-Tibet *** karyotyping revealed that chromosome variants were distributed unevenly among genomes and among different homologue chromosomes in each *** plants with varying fertility exhibited significantly higher numbers of chromosome variants than did the normal fertility samples,although both kinds of plants showed the same pattern of high-to-low polymorphism from the Y to St and H *** and karyotype heterozygosity in the plants with varying fertility were 3-and 13-fold higher than those in normal samples,*** negative correlations were found not only between seed setting rates and total genome heterozygosity but also between seed setting rates and heterozygosity of each genome in the plants of varying *** pairing analysis was performed using genomic in situ hybridization in selected plants of different fertility *** pairing of chromosomes at meiotic metaphase I was mostly bivalent,although univalent,trivalent,quadrivalent,and other polyvalents also occurred;in addition,chromosome configuration forms and frequencies varied among the studied *** results showed that the average number of ring bivalents in the Y genome was significantly higher than those in the St and H *** positive correlations between pollen grain fertility and ring bivalent number were found in the St and H genomes but not in the Y ***,chromosome configuration parameters(total bivalents,numbers of ring and rod bivalents)were found to be significantly correlated with heterozygosity and seed setting rates in the St and H genomes,respectively,but not in the Y *** was inferred that the seed setting rate and pollen grain fertility in *** are strongly influenced by the heterozygosity of each genome,but the Y genome differs from the S

关键词： Chromosome pairing elymus nutans Fertility FISH and GISH Karyotype variation

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The Combination of Achnatherum inebrians Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in elymus nutans

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 567-580页

作者： Rui Zhang Taixiang Chen Zhenjiang Chen Hao Chen Xuekai Wei Malik Kamran Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland AgricultureMinistry of EducationWest Gansu Province Prataculture Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China Center for Grassland Research National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCaFBeijing100091China

In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of elymus nutans were *** results showed that both the extracts from aboveground and belowground parts of *** signiﬁcantly inhibited the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling height,root length,and fresh weight of ***,but increased malondialdehyde content,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity of *** seedlings(p<0.05).The allelopathy of aqueous extracts of the aboveground parts of *** was stronger than that of the *** extracts of the aboveground parts of *** decreased seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,root length,and seedling fresh weight by 10.45%-74.63%,24.18%-32.50%,19.03%-73.36%,37.83%-88.41%,21.42%-53.14%,2.65%-40.21%,and 20.45%-61.36%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity increased by 8.09%-62.24%,27.83%-86.47%,22.90%-93.17%,and 11.15%-75.91%,*** above indexes were higher in live soil than in sterilized *** microorganisms increased the allelopathy of *** seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,and seedling fresh weight of *** planted in live soil decreased by 8.22%-48.48%,10.00%-51.85%,8.19%-53.26%,16.43%-60.03%,12.91%-28.81%,and 9.09%-22.86%compared with sterilized soil,*** content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity of *** planted in live soil increased by 53.91%-81.06%,15.71%-57.34%,33.33%-86.31%,and 9.78%-52.51%compared with sterilized soil,*** existence of soil microorganisms enhanced the allelopathy of the secondary metabolites of ***.A combination of microorganisms and aqueous extracts from the aboveground parts of *** had the s

关键词： Achnatherum inebrians water immersion liquid aqueous leachate precipitate allelopathy elymus nutans soil microorganisms

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere soil of poisonous plants depressed the growth of pasture grasses in the Tibetan Plateau Alpine meadow

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 226-236,I0006页

作者： Xiaojuan Wang Qiang Wang Liang Jin Li Sun Qian Wang Liang Zhang Yinglong Chen Natural History Research Center Shanghai Natural History MuseumShanghai Science&Technology MuseumShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem School of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F Universityand Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of SciencesYanglingChina School of Earth and Environment and The UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia

In order to explore the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi in the rhizosphere of poisonous plants on the neighboring pasture grasses in the Tibetan Plateau Alpine meadow ecosystem,rhizosphere soils were collected from eight different poisonous plants in degraded grasslands and one from pasture grass in non-degraded grasslands(CK).The collected soils were used as inocula to assess the influence of indigenous AM fungi on the growth of two typical pasture grass species,elymus nutans and Poa pratensis,in a bioassay *** growth parameters and two AM parameters were *** mycorrhizal responsiveness and the importance value were *** differences between the eight poisonous plants and CK were *** to CK,rhizosphere soil from the eight poisonous plants had lower AM fungal spore *** growth of *** and *** seedlings was depressed with the inoculation from poisonous plants rhizosphere *** study demonstrated that the presence of poisonous plants with grassland degradation altered inherent AM fungal community abundance,and could exert inhibition effects on the growth of pasture *** may attribute to discover the important role of rhizosphere soil of different poisonous plants to AM fungal community on the Alpine meadow.

关键词： AM fungal spore common mycorrhizal networks degraded grassland diversity elymus nutans Poa pratensis

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