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elemental sulfur effects on Pb and Zn uptake by Indian mustard and winter wheat

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 836-840页

作者： CUI Yan-shan, WANG Qing-ren , DONG Yi-ting, LI Hai-feng (Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100085

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard(Brassica juncea) and a field crop, winter wheat(***). elemental sulfur(S) with different rates was carried out, they were 0(S 0), 20(S 20), 40(S 40), 80(S 80), and 160(S 160) mmol/kg respectively. Extra pots with the same rates of S but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor pH and CaCl 2-extractable heavy metal changes. The results showed that S enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and Zn from contaminated soil. Application S effectively decreased soil pH down to 1.1 as the most at the rate of S 160. The concentrations of CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn in soil and uptake of Pb and Zn by the plants were increased with soil pH decreased. A good correlation between CaCl 2-extractable Pb/Zn and soil pH was found(R 2 Pb = 0.847 and R 2 Zn = 0.991, n=25). With S application, soil CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn concentrations, concentration of Pb and Zn in plants and the amount of removal by plant uptake were significantly higher than those without S. Under the treatment of S 160, the highest CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn were observed, they were 4.23 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, 2.7 and 2.0 times as that of the control(S 0) respectively. At the highest rates of S(S 160), both Indian mustard and winter wheat reached the highest uptake of Pb and Zn. The highest Pb concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 32.8 mg/kg and 537.0 mg/kg, all 1.8 times as that of the control, and the highest Zn concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 215.5 mg/kg and 404.0 mg/kg, 2.4 and 2.0 times as that of the control respectively. The highest removals of Pb and Zn from the contaminated soil were 0.41 mg/pot and 0.31 mg/pot by Indian mustard in the treatment of S 160 through 50 days growth.

关键词： elemental sulfur Pb Zn uptake contaminated soil

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Dynamic sulfur-Rich Polymers from elemental sulfur and Epoxides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第10期42卷 1479-1487,I0010页

作者： Ke-Xiang Chen Chen-Hui Cui Zhen Li Ting Xu Hao-Qing Teng Zhi-Yuan He Yin-Zhou Guo Xiao-Qing Ming Zhi-Shen Ge Yan-Feng Zhang Tie-Jun Wang School of Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and DevicesMinistry of EducationXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Department of Engineering MechanicsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

sulfur-containing dynamic polymers had attracted significant attention due to their unique chemical structures with high *** sulfur, an inexpensive industrial waste product, to synthesize dynamic polysulfide polymers through reverse vulcanization has been a notable approach. However, this method required high temperatures and resulted in the release of unpleasant oders. In this study, we presented a robust method for the preparation of sulfur-rich polymers with dynamic polysulfide bonds from elemental sulfur and inexpensive epoxide monomers via a one-pot strategy at the mild room temperature. Different types of polysulfide molecules and polymers were synthesized by reacting various epoxide compounds with sulfur, along with the investigation of their structures and dynamic behaviors. It was noteworthy that the obatined polymers prepared from m-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-N,N-bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)aniline and elemental sulfur exhibit multiple dynamic behaviors, including polysulfide metathesis and polysulfide-thiol exchange, enabling their rapid stress relaxation, self-healing, reprocessing and degradable properties of the cross-linked polymer. More importantly, the hydroxyl groups at the side chains from epoxide ring opening exhibited potential transesterification. This work provided a facile strategy for designing dynamic sulfur-rich polymers via a mild synthesis route.

关键词： elemental sulfur sulfur-containing polymer Dynamic covalent bond Dynamic polymer

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elemental sulfur in northern South China Sea sediments and its significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第11期58卷 2271-2278页

作者： LIN Qi WANG JiaSheng FU ShaoYing LU HongFeng BU QingTao LIN RongXiao SUN Fei State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth Science China University of Geosciences Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology

elemental sulfur(ES) is one of the intermediates in the inorganic sulfur cycle and thus plays a key role in the fractionation of stable sulfur isotopes in different reservoirs and the marine environment. In this study, solid ES is discovered in sediments near the Jiulong Methane Reef in the northern South China Sea by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Combining the morphology and distribution of ES, pyrite concentrations, and sulfur isotopes, we conclude that:(1) solid ES coexists with pyrite microcrystals and sulfide(oxyhydr)oxides as well as clay minerals, and they are mainly distributed on the surface of mineral aggregates;(2) ES mainly occurs within and near the sulfate-methane transition zone(SMTZ) despite little morphological diversity;(3) ES formation might be related to hydrogen sulfide oxidation and is therefore linked with fluctuations in the SMTZ. Within the SMTZ, hydrogen sulfide is produced and pyrite precipitates because of enhanced anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled with dissimilatory sulfate reduction. This enhances the efficiency of the inorganic sulfur cycle and provides favorable conditions for ES formation. The discovery of solid ES in sediments near the Jiulong Methane Reef suggests an important relationship with SMTZ fluctuations that could have implications for the evolution of methane hydrate in the South China Sea.

关键词： elemental sulfur sulfate-methane transition zone shallow sediments northern South China Sea

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Simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification in fluidized bed reactors using pyrite and elemental sulfur as electron donors

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 143-153页

作者： Maria F.Carboni Sonia Arriaga Piet N.L.Lens National University of Ireland Galway H91 TK33 GalwayIreland Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica 78216 San Luis PotosíMexico

In this study, simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification (SNAD) with either elemental sulfur or pyrite were investigated in fluidized bed reactors in mesophilic conditions. The reactor performance was evaluated at different ammonium (12-40 mg/L of NH4+-N), nitrate (35-45 mg/L of NO3--N), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.1-1.5 mg/L) concentrations, with a hydraulic retention time of 12 h. The pyrite reactor supported the SNAD process with a maximum nitrogen removal efficiency of 139.5 mg/(L·d) when the DO concentration was in the range of 0.8-1.5 mg/L. This range, however, limited the denitrification efficiency of the reactor, which decreased from 90.0% ± 5.3% in phases II-V to 67.9% ± 7.2% in phases VI and VII. Sulfate precipitated as iron sulfate (FeSO4/Fe2(SO4)3) and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) minerals during the experiment. The sulfur reactor did not respond well to nitrification with a low and unstable ammonium removal efficiency, while denitrification occurred with a nitrate removal efficiency of 97.8%. In the pyrite system, the nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas sp. was present, and its relative abundance increased from 0.1% to 1.1%, while the autotrophic denitrifying genera Terrimonas, Ferruginibacter, and Denitratimonas dominated the community. Thiobacillus, sulfurovum, and Trichlorobacter were the most abundant genera in the sulfur reactor during the entire experiment.

关键词： Pyrite elemental sulfur Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification Nitrogen removal 16S rRNA

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Oxidation of elemental sulfur in Selected Soils of China

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Pedosphere 2000年第1期10卷 69-76页

作者： LISHUTIAN LINBAO 等 SoilandFertilizerInstitute ChineseAcademyofSgriculturalSciences30BaishipqiaoRoadBeijing100081，China SoilandFertilizerInstitute ChineseAcademyofSgriculturalSciences30BaishipqiaoRoadBeijing100081，

An incubation experiment was carried out in laboratory to study the effect of temperature, moisture, phosphorus, organic matter, cropping and previous elemental sulfur application on elemental sulfur oxidation in four selected soils, fluvo-aquic soil, black soil, yellow-brown soil and red soil. In all the soils tested, sulfur oxidation rate was influenced by temperature and the temperature coefficient (Q10) values at the range from 10 to 30 ℃ were 4.41, 4.05, 6.19 and 3.71 for the four soils, respectively. The rate of sulfur oxidation was parabolically related to soil Water content. The optimum moisture content for the maximum oxidation rate was different among soils. Phosphorus increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur by 57.7%, 33.1%, 21.7% and 26.4% for the above four soils, respectively, compared with the control (no phosphorus applied). Organic material of corn straw which was ground and passed through a 0.5-mm sieve also increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in the four soils by 59.8%, 7.8%, 39.2% and 540.4%, respectively. elemental sulfur which was applied previously to soils significantly enhanced the oxidation of elemental sulfur subsequently added and increased sulfur-oxidizing populations such as autotrophic elemental sulfur oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, heterotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers and heterotrophic sulfate producers. Cropping had little effect on elemental sulfur-oxidizing potentiality of soils.

关键词： elemental sulfur oxidation soil

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In-depth study on the solubility of elemental sulfur in sour gas mixtures based on the Chrastil's association model

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Petroleum 2016年第4期2卷 425-434页

作者： Qiao Wang Xiao Guo Runxi Leng State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengduSichuan 610500China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay 834000China

Accurately predicting the solubility of elemental sulfur in sour gas mixtures is a primary *** a current and widely-used model on the solubility of elemental sulfur in sour gas mixtures,Chrastil's association model has a big error in the process of predicting experimental data based on different fitting *** paper combined with experimental data reported by relevant scholars about elemental sulfur solubility in sour gases and selected density,temperature and pressure as three important influential *** to different fitting methods,we can calculate the correlation parameters in Chrastil's *** different solubility formulas can be used to predict the solubility of elemental sulfur in sour gas *** in-depth research and analysis of Chrastil's solubility model from numerical aspects,it's easy to find the irrationality about Chrastil's solubility model and fitting *** in fitting methods,further improvement of the fitting method is proposed and used to predict the solubility of elemental sulfur in sour gas *** calculation results show that some improvements of the predicting precision have been achieved by using the improved fitting method in Chrastil's association model.

关键词： Solubility Numerical analysis elemental sulfur Prediction model Sour gas Chrastil's association model

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Process and mechanism of hydrothermal stabilization for arsenic sulfide sludge containing elemental sulfur

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第3期32卷 1041-1049页

作者： Hui XU Li-wei YAO Qiu-jing XU Yun-yan WANG Xiao-bo MIN Yong KE Yong-jian LUO Jin-yao TANG Si-ang PENG Li-min ZHANG Jia-li DU School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Changsha 410083China The High School Attached To Hunan Normal University Changsha 410006China

An optimized hydrothermal treatment was employed to stabilize the arsenic sulfide sludge(ASS). Under the optimal conditions(160 ℃, 2 h, liquid-to-solid(L/S) ratio of 1:1, and initial pH of 2), the leaching concentrations of As and Cd decreased from 504.0 and 12.0 mg/L to 1.23 and 0.03 mg/L of the treated ASS, respectively. The results indicate that the stabilization of the ASS was achieved through structure transformation from the particles into a bulk and the speciation transformation of As and Cd. Besides, sulfur in the ASS could significantly improve the stabilization property due to its melting and polymerization.

关键词： hydrothermal stabilization arsenic sulfide sludge elemental sulfur structure transformation

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Corrosion behavior of low alloy steel for cargo oil tank under upper deck conditions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第1期25卷 120-130页

作者： Hao Li Feng Chai Cai-fu Yang Chao Li Xiao-bing Luo Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081China Qingdao NCS Testing Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266071 Shandong China

A simulated corrosion test apparatus was used to investigate the corrosion behavior of a low alloy steel under simulated upper deck conditions in a cargo oil tank. The estimated corrosion loss of conventional E36 class ship plate steel is 4.27 mm, which is clearly inadequate compared with the standard adopted by International Maritime Organization. Outer rust layer of specimens starts to peel off after 77 days and becomes fragmented after 98 days. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micros- copy, and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the resulting rust is composed of σ-FeOOH （the main protective phase）, Fe2O3, FeS, elemental S, and FeSO4. FeSO4 in the interface of the base and rust layer leads to localized corrosion. elemental sulfur forms on the surface of σ-FeOOH, and the quantity and size thereof increase with increasing corrosion time. Furthermore, layered elemental sulfur promotes fracture and peels off the rust layer.

关键词： Low alloy steel Cargo oil tank Upper deck Corrosion film elemental sulfur

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Synthesis and Characterization of [(C_5H_4SiMe_2~tBu)_2Ln(μ-S^nBu)]_2 (Ln=Y,Er)

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2008年第5期27卷 523-528页

作者：李艳荣张正星陈珍霞刘瑞婷周锡庚 Department of Chemistry Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Material Laboratory Fudan University

（C5H4SiMe2^tBu）2Ln^nBu reacted with 1 equiv, of elemental sulfur in toluene at ambient temperature to yield the corresponding lanthanocene thiolates [（C5H4SiMe2^tBu）2Ln（μ-S^nBu）]2 （Ln = Y （1）, Er （2））. Complexes 1 and 2 have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, mass spectroscopy and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. Both complexes are of monoclinic with space group P21/c, formula C52H94S2Si4Y2 1 （C52H94S2Si4Er2 2） Mr = 1073.57 （1230.27）, a = 8.495（2）（8.41（2））, b = 26.913（8）（26.67（7））, c = 13.756（4）（13.68（4）） A, α = 90（90）, β = 101.184（5）（101.57（4））, γ = 90 （90）°, V= 3085.1（15）（3007（14）） A^3, Dc = 1.156 （1.359） g·cm^-3, Z= 2 （2）, F（000） = 1144 （1260）, μ = 2.046 （2.951） cm^-1, R = 0.0687 （0.0749） and wR = 0.1306 （0.1507） for observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. X-ray structures of 1 and 2 definitively prove that only one sulfur atom is inserted into the Ln-C（^nBu） bond, forming a thiolate ligand.

关键词： organolanthanide crystal structure insertion elemental sulfur thiolate

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Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with Acidianus manzaensis YN25 under contact and non-contact conditions

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第10期20卷 1981-1986页

作者：张立民彭娟花魏曼曼丁建南周洪波 School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy Ministry of EducationCentral South University

In order to investigate the contributions of contact and non-contact cells of Acidianus manzaensis(***) YN25 to the bioleaching of chalcopyrite,three experiments were carried out in the modified shake *** redox potential,pH,cell density,copper and iron ions in the solution were monitored,and the morphological feature and chemical composition of the leached residues were *** highest leaching efficiency of Cu and Fe was reached in the experiment where the *** YN25 could contact the surface of the *** was no precipitation of jarosite in the leached residues of three experiments,but there was elemental sulfur in the leached residues when the cells could not contact the *** these results,it is apparent that the leaching of the chalcopyrite is the cooperative action of the contact and non-contact *** YN25.

关键词： A. manzaensis YN25 bioleaching chalcopyrite elemental sulfur

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