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Analyses of fin ray types to detect strontium markers in juvenile blunt-snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala

Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 206-216页

作者： Yahua Zhu Tao Jiang Xiubao Chen Hongbo Liu Quinton Phelps Jian Yang Wuxi Fisheries College Nanjing Agricultural University (WFCNAU) Laboratory of Fishery microchemistry Freshwater Fisheries Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (FFRCCAFS) Department of Biology Missouri State University (DBMSU)

Background Restocking by introducing hatchery-reared fish into wild habitats aids in the restoration of fishery aquatic ecosystems and reefs to increase the abundance of fish resources, restore the ecological balance of water bodies, and enhance ecosystem functioning. Accurately, rapidly, and effectively evaluating the success of restocking using chemical markers（e.g., strontium [Sr]） remains challenging for fisheries management. Consequently, for nonlethal fish sampling, hard tissues, such as fin rays, have received increasing attention as a target for marking method. However, data on the differences in marking different types of fin rays remain limited. Therefore, we exposed juvenile blunt snout bream individuals（Megalobrama amblycephala） to 0（control group） or 800 mg/L of SrCl2·6H2O（marked group） for 5 days and transferred them into normal aerated water for post-immersion culture. We sampled their pectoral, dorsal, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays. The Sr marks among the fin types were sampled at 0 and 20 days post-immersion and evaluated using an electron probe micro-analyzer（EPMA） for the five-day Sr/Ca ratios, along with line transect and Sr mapping *** Sr marking signatures were observed in all fin types in the marked group, with a success rate of up to 100%. Although marking efficiency varied among the different fin ray types, the highest Sr/Ca ratios were most often detected in the dorsal fin. Cross-sectional Sr concentration maps of all fin rays sampled showed high-Sr domains in the marked group; in contrast, the entire cross-sections of the control group displayed low Sr contents, indicating successful marking *** Fin ray Sr marking is a successful method for juvenile M. amblycephala, with the advantages of nonlethality and negligible sampling injuries, facilitating the rapid and effective evaluation of Sr marking in restocking M. amblycephala.

关键词： Megalobrama amblycephala Juvenile Fin ray Strontium marking electron probe micro-analyzer

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Simulation on scrap melting behavior and carbon diffusion under natural convection

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第3期28卷 380-389页

作者： Ming Gao Jin-tao Gao Yan-ling Zhang Shu-feng Yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

A 3D model applying temperature-and carbon concentration-dependent material properties was developed to describe the scrap melting behavior and carbon diffusion under natural *** results agreed reasonably well with experimental *** melting was subdivided into four stages:formation of a solidified layer,rapid melting of the solidified layer,carburization,and carburization+normal *** carburization stage could not be ignored at low temperature because the carburization time for the sample investigated was 214 s at 1573 K compared to 12 s at 1723 *** thickness of the boundary layer with significant concentration difference at 1573 K increased from 130μm at 5 s to 140μm at 60 *** maximum velocity caused by natural convection decreased from 0.029 m·s^(−1)at 5 s to 0.009 m·s^(−1)at 634 s because the differences in temperature and density between the molten metal and scrap decreased with time.

关键词： scrap melting natural convection carbon diffusion numerical simulation electron probe micro-analyzer

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