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Analysis of Nigerian electricity Generation Multi Year Tariff Order Pricing Model

Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第10期9卷 541-554页

作者： Nnamdi B. Anosike Jude E. Dara Ugochukwu C. Ngwaka Frances O. Enemuoh Mechanical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria Electrical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

The Multi Year Tariff Order (MYTO) is the Nigerian electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) pricing framework for determining the Nigerian electricity Supply Industry (NESI) pricing model. One of the objectives of the NERC’s MYTO pricing model is to ensure regulated electricity end user tariff without compromising return on investment. Achieving this objective is imperative to attract investors in the growing Nigerian electricity market. However, NESI has hitherto been faced with challenges ranging from its inability to provide sufficient power to its customers to not being viable enough to provide return on capital invested. In this paper, sensitivity analysis of power plant operation and performance parameters on the cost of electricity (CoE) generation using MYTO (power generation) pricing model were evaluated. Thermodynamic modeling and simulation of an open cycle gas turbine (OCGT) was carried out to augment scarce data on power plant performance and operation in Nigeria. Sensitivity analysis was carried out using probabilistic method based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) implemented in commercial software (@ Risk®). The result highlighted sensitivity of the model input parameters to cost of electricity generation based on technical and financial assumptions of MYTO model. Seven most influential parameters affecting generation cost were identified. These parameters and their correlation coefficients are given as: 1) foreign exchange rate, 0.76;2) cost of fuel, 0.51;3) thermal efficiency, -0.23;4) variable operation and maintenance cost, 0.22;5) fixed operating and maintenance cost, -0.03;6) capacity factor, -0.02;and 7) average capacity degradation, 0.01. Based on the gas turbine engine and input parameter distributions statistics for this study, the generation cost lies between 9.84 to 15.45 N/kWh and the probabilities of CoE within these values were established.

关键词： Nigerian electricity Market Generation Multi Year Tariff Order (MYTO) Combustion Turbine electricity Price Uncertainty Government Interventions

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An Overview on Piezoelectric Power Generation System for electricity Generation

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 11-18页

作者： Xiaoming Sun Department of Electrical Engineering Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College Chongqing China

Coal, petroleum and natural gas will still be the basis of economic development for a long time. However, with a rapider consumption speed, these fossil fuels will be exhausted in the near future. In addition, the usage of these fossil fuels can also cause environmental pollution and greenhouse effect. To deal with energy security and environmental crisis, it is wise to work towards three directions: energy saving and emission reduction, energy recovery, exploration of new renewable energy. Currently, the electricity generation technology using piezoelectric material to recover the compressional or vibrational energy begins to draw attention. However, most of the researches are devoted to designing small self-powered devices. This paper presents an overview of the feasibility of piezoelectric power generation system for electric power system, in which the fundamentals of piezoelectric power generation and the feasible structure of the system are discussed.

关键词： Piezoelectric Power Generation Renewable Energy electricity Generation Energy Recovery Emission Reduction

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Exergy Efficiency and Environmental Impact of electricity of a 620 MW-Natural Gas Combined Cycle

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2018年第7期6卷 1-21页

作者： Muna Hamad Almansoori Zin Eddine Dadach Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department Abu Dhabi Men’s College Higher Colleges of Technology Abu Dhabi UAE

In the first part of this investigation, a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) producing 620 MW of electricity was simulated using the commercial software Aspen Hysys V9.0 and the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation of state. The aim of this second part is to use exergy-based analyses in order to calculate its exergy efficiency and evaluate its environmental impact under standard conditions. For the exergy efficiency, the performance index under investigation is the exergy destruction ratio (yD). The results of the study show that the combustor is the main contributor to the total exergy destruction of the power plant (yD = 24.35%) and has the lowest exergy efficiency of 75.65%. On the other hand, the Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) has the lowest contribution to the exergy destruction (yD = 5.63%) of the power plant and the highest exergy efficiency of 94.37%. For the overall power plant, the exergy efficiency is equal to 53.28%. For the environmental impact of the power plant, the relative difference of exergy-related environmental impacts (rb) is utilized as the performance index for each equipment of the plant and the environmental impact of a kWh of electricity (EIE) is used to represent the performance index of the overall power plant. In agreement with the exergy analysis, the results indicate that the combustor and the HRSG have respectively the highest (rb = 32.19%) and the lowest (rb = 5.96%) contribution to the environmental impact. The environmental impact of a kWh of electricity of the power plant is 34.26 mPts/kWh (exergy destruction only), and 34.42 mPts/kWh (both exergy destruction and exergy loss).

关键词： Exergy Analysis NGCC Power Plant Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) Method Environmental Impact of electricity

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Choice of Site for the Installation of Photovoltaic Solar Power Plants in Senegal: Consequences on electricity Production

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第12期5卷 109-118页

作者： Mactar Faye Ababacar Thiam Efficiency and Energetic Systems Research Group Alioune Diop University Bambey Senegal Laboratoire d’Energétique Appliquée Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

A theoretical analysis of the electricity production of a photovoltaic solar power plant of 22 MW for different sites in Senegal is presented. The study is carried out in two coastal regions (Dakar and Saint-Louis) and two continental regions (Mbacké and Linguère). This study is done using the RET Screen clean energy project management software climate data. The amount of electricity exported to the grid is calculated for each site. The results show that the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are different from November to June. From July to October, which corresponds to the rainy season in Senegal, the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are similar. The results also show that although the efficiency of photovoltaic modules is better on the coast, electricity production varies little from one site to another. Climate conditions in Senegal therefore have no impact on electricity production.

关键词： Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant Climatic Conditions electricity Production Coastal Zone Continental Zone

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China Huaneng Kicks off Coal-electricity-Heat-Chemical Integrated Project

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第20期20卷 17-17页

On June 17th,2009 China Huaneng Group(CHNG)held a groundbreaking ceremony for its coal-electricity-heat-chemical integratedproject in Taiyangshan Industrial Zone,Wuzhong city of Ningxia Au-tonomous Region.CHNG signed a cooperative agreement with thePeople’s Government of Ningxia on strengthening energy project co-operation on the same day.

关键词： ceremony electricity signed cooperative strengthen

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An Experimental Study of Microbial Fuel Cells for electricity Generating: Performance Characterization and Capacity Improvement

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第3期3卷 171-178页

作者： Jessica Li Kent Place School Summit New Jersey USA.

This paper studies the electricity generating capacity of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Unlike most of MFC research, which targets the long term goals of renewable energy production and wastewater treatment, this paper considers a niche application that may be used immediately in practice, namely powering sensors from soils or sediments. There are two major goals in this study. The first goal is to examine the performance characteristics of MFCs in this application. Specifically we investigate the relationship between the percentage of organic matter in a sample and the electrical capacity of MFCs fueled by that sample. We observe that higher percentage of organic matter in a sample results in higher electricity production of MFCs powered by that sample. We measure the thermal limits that dictate the temperature range in which MFCs can function, and confirm that the upper thermal limit is 40℃. The new observation is that the lower thermal limit is -5℃, which is lower than 0℃ reported in the literature. This difference is important for powering environmental sensors. We observe that the electricity production of MFCs decreases almost linearly over a period of 10 days. The second goal is to determine the conditions under which MFCs work most efficiently to generate electricity. We compare the capacity under a variety of conditions of sample types (benthic mud, top soil, and marsh samples), temperatures (0℃, 40℃, and room temperature), and sample sizes (measuring 3.5 cm × 3.5 cm × 4.6 cm, 10.2 cm × 10.2 cm × 13.4 cm, and 2.7 cm × 2.7 cm × 3.8 cm), and find that the electricity capacity is greatest at 0℃, powered by benthic mud sample with the largest chamber size. What seems surprising is that 0℃ outperforms both room temperature and benthic mud sample outperforms marsh sample, which appears to be richer in organic matter. In addition, we notice that although the largest chamber size produces the greatest capacity, it suffers from efficiency loss. The reasons of these observations will be explained in the paper. The

关键词： Microbial Fuel Cells Sustainable Energy Source Renewable electricity Production Capacity Power Source of Environmental Sensors

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Short-Term electricity Price Forecasting Using a Combination of Neural Networks and Fuzzy Inference

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Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第1期3卷 9-16页

作者： Evans Nyasha Chogumaira Takashi Hiyama 不详

This paper presents an artificial neural network, ANN, based approach for estimating short-term wholesale electricity prices using past price and demand data. The objective is to utilize the piecewise continuous na-ture of electricity prices on the time domain by clustering the input data into time ranges where the variation trends are maintained. Due to the imprecise nature of cluster boundaries a fuzzy inference technique is em-ployed to handle data that lies at the intersections. As a necessary step in forecasting prices the anticipated electricity demand at the target time is estimated first using a separate ANN. The Australian New-South Wales electricity market data was used to test the system. The developed system shows considerable im-provement in performance compared with approaches that regard price data as a single continuous time se-ries, achieving MAPE of less than 2% for hours with steady prices and 8% for the clusters covering time pe-riods with price spikes.

关键词： electricity Price Forecasting Short-Term Load Forecasting electricity Markets Artificial Neural Networks Fuzzy Logic

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Analysis of Distributed Generation Systems, Smart Grid Technologies and Future Motivators Influencing Change in the electricity Sector

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2011年第3期2卷 216-229页

作者： Nur Asyik Hidayatullah Blagojce Stojcevski Akhtar Kalam 不详

The global electricity Sector and its customers are faced with a number of challenges that are unparalleled since the advent of widespread electrification. Challenges including climate change, escalating energy prices, energy security and energy efficiency are converging to drive fundamental change in the way energy is produced, delivered and utilized. The electricity system of the future must produce and distribute electricity that is reliable, affordable and clean. To accomplish these goals, both the electricity grid and the existing regulatory system must be smarter. This paper explores smart grid technologies, distributed generation systems, R & D efforts across Europe and the United States, and technical, economical and regulatory barriers facing modern utilities.

关键词： Climate Change Distributed Generation electricity Sector Smart Grid

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The Spin Torus Energy Model and electricity

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2019年第6期9卷 451-479页

作者： David Johnson Retired IT Lecturer Perth Australia

Defining the electron to be a toroidal form of concentrated energy rather than a monopole point-charge, such as used for the Orbital Nuclear Atomic Model (ONAM), leads to a subtly different explanation for electricity and the dynamic nature of electromagnetic fields. The Spin Torus Energy Model (STEM) is used to define the electron and positron, which are then used to explain the nature of electric and magnetic fields, electric current generation from battery and induction sources, capacitor charge and discharge, and superconductivity. STEM supports the notion that free positrons exist within matter, and are equal in importance to electrons: as ONAM makes no provision for positrons within matter, this assertion has wide ranging implications for atomic structure models and chemistry.

关键词： Electron Positron Bitron Electromagnetic Energy Chiral Torus Induction electricity Electric Field Magnetic Field Electrostatic Charge Static Attraction Repulsion Capacitor Hole Superconductivity

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Thermo-Dynamical Analysis on electricity-Generation Subsystem of CAES Power Plant

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第4期2卷 729-734页

作者： Wenyi Liu Gang Xu Yongping Yang Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Plant Equipments Conditions Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis North China Electric Power University Beijing China

Besides pumped hydropower, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is the other solution for large energy storage capacity. It can balance fluctuations in supply and demand of electricity. CAES is essential part of smart power grids. Linked with the flow structure and dynamic characteristic of electricity generation subsystem and its components, a simulation model is proposed. Thermo-dynamical performance on off-design conditions have been analyzed with constant air mass flux and constant gas combustion temperature. Some simulation diagrams of curve are plotted too. The contrast of varied operation mode thermal performance is made between CAES power plant and simple gas turbine power plant.

关键词： electricity Generation Sub-System CAES Power Plant Thermal Performance Simulation Analysis Off-Design Conditions

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