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Stem Borer Species Composition on Maize and Two Non-Cereal Hosts in the Forest Zone of Kisangani, DRC

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第10期4卷 822-829页

作者： Onesime Mubenga Kankonda Dudu Akaibe Walangululu Massamba George Otieno Ong'amo Bruno-Pierre Le Ru Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Animal Resources Faculty of Science University of Kisangani P.O. Box 2012Kisangani Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Catholic University of Bukavu P.O. Box 285 Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo School of Biological Science College of Physical and Biological Sciences (Chiromo Campus) University of Nairobi P.O. Box30197 Nairobi Kenya Institut de Recherche pour le DOveloppement UR072 c/o ICIPE P.O. Box 30772 Nairobi Kenya and University Paris-Sud 11Orsay Cedex 91405 France

Lepidopteran stem borers are the most damaging pests of maize in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the growing importance of maize in the forest zone of Democratic Republic of Congo, no data is available regarding stem borer pest species present and their relative importance. It is thus important to gather information likely to guide future research in this area. This study was undertaken to catalogue stem borer pest species identity and assess their relative infestation levels on maize. Surveys were carried out in wild and cultivated habitats in Kisangani. Five species were collected on maize, i.e., Sesamia calamistis Hampson （1910）, eldana saccharina Walker （1865）, Busseola fusca Fuller （1901）, Chilo sp. Strand （1913）, and Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot （1888）. In the wild habitats, Poenoma serrata Hampson, B. fusca and S. calamistis were collected on Pennisetum purpureum whereas Chilo sp. was collected on Panicum maximum. Our results suggest that P. maximum might affect the population dynamics of Chilo sp. whereas P. purpureum is expected not to influence the population dynamics of other stem borers owing to its scarcity in the interior of the forest.

关键词： Stem borers maize Busseolafusca Chilo sp. eldana saccharina forest zone Kisangani.

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Selection of Maize Genotypes Resistant to Pink Stem Borer and Sugarcane Borer

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第3期5卷 174-182页

作者： Abraham Agwu Ngwuta Samson Oyewole Ajala Ignatius Ugwudlke Obi Ene-Obong Efiom Ene-Obong Department of Crop Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri 460001 Nigeria Maize Improvement Programme International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan 200001 Nigeria Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Nigeria Nsukka 400001 Nigeria Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture Cross River State University of Technology Calabar 540001 Nigeria

Maize is an important economic crop grown in Nigeria. Its production is dramatically affect by the pink stem borer--Sesamia caIamistis （Hampson, Noctuidae） and sugarcane borer--eldana saccharina （Walker, Pyralidae） that are endemic in Southeastern Nigeria. In areas of stress, existing genotypes may marginally do well due to their inherent capabilities. Therefore, it is possible to find useful genes in such areas of stress, since such genes have been responsible for the survival of host crops over the years. Evaluation study was conducted for a range of agronomic characteristics and resistance attributes for 209 local maize collections from Southeastern Nigeria along with three improved check varieties. Field trials were conducted at three locations in a total of four environments in 2001. Highly significant genotypic variances as were noted in all the traits, are indicative of the magnitude of variation that exists among the genotypes, thus providing the opportunity of selection for desirable traits. Furthermore, four traits, namely, leaf feeding, ear damage, stalk lodging and yield were used from across the environments to construct a rank summation index （RSI）, which was used to rank the entries for resistance to stem borers. This RSI led to the identification of 11 genotypes which represents the best 5% of the 212 genotypes in resistance ability. Genotype AMA TZBR-WC1 （from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture （IITA）, Ibadan） had the best overall resistance levels, followed by genotypes SE NG-77 and SE NG-67 （from Umuahia North）, SE NG-62 （from Ikwuano）, SE NG-148 （from Ukwa West）, SE NG-106 （from Bende）, SE NG-119 （from Isiala Ngwa）, SE NG-33 （from Ikwuano） and SE NG-65 （from Umuahia North）.

关键词： Zea mays Sesamia calamistis eldana saccharina genetic variance rank selection index stem borer resistance.

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