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ecotourism development Evaluation and Measures for Forest Parks in China

Journal of Resources and Ecology 2017年第5期8卷 470-477页

作者：向宝惠中华女子学院管理学院北京100101

Forest parks are one of the important kinds of destinations for the development of ecotourism in China. Based on the principles of ecotourism, an evaluation index system of ecotourism development in forest parks was established. This paper uses data from investigations in 27 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China to evaluate and analyze the ecotourism development of China＇s forest parks. In order to promote the sustainable development of ecotourism in forest parks, the paper suggests a number of measures, such as promoting the integration of the tourism industry and related industries, exploring folklore tourism products, planning an environmental interpretation system, perfecting the infrastructure and service facilities system in line with the principles of ecology, building an environmental monitoring system, setting up a reasonable mechanism for community participation, strengthening capital investment and investment management, and paying attention to the cultivation of professional talent for ecotourism. These measures can be used as references and guides to the development and construction of ecotourism in forest parks in China.

关键词： forest park ecotourism development evaluation measures China

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ecotourism development in China: Achievements, Problems and Strategies

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2017年第5期8卷 441-448页

作者：钟林生刘丽敏中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院大学北京1000492 中华女子学院管理学院北京100101

Since the 1990 s, ecotourism has developed rapidly and been an important and distinctive part of the tourism industry in China. Based on an analysis of the current development status and problems of Chinese ecotourism, this paper puts forward the development goals and strategies for ecotourism in the future. In addition, it tries to provide some suggestions for Chinese ecotourism development. It is proposed that the main path for making China a competitive country for ecotourism is to form a comprehensive system including public services, resources conservation, environmental education, policies and regulations, eco-certification, marketing promotion, community participation, technology and talent by constructing ecotourism cooperation areas, destinations, ecotour routes and ecological scenic roads.

关键词： ecotourism development achievement problem strategy China

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Contribution of ecotourism Towards Sustainable Livelihood of the Communities Living on Wasini Island, Kwale County, Kenya

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Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management 2017年第3期5卷 106-125页

作者： Jaims N. Koki Eldoret National Polytechnic Eldoret Kenya

ecotourism has traditionally been viewed as a panacea concept for developing countries to stimulate the economy, as well as, directly provide support for conservation efforts. This study examined the concept of ecotourism for a relatively sustainable, single activity within an established tourism destination of Wasini Island in Kwale County. The purpose of the study was to assess the contribution of ecotourism initiatives to the livelihoods of the local community, guided by the following objective： to assess the attitude of the local community towards ecotourism development. Descriptive survey research was adopted for the study. The target population included all ecotourism entrepreneurs, conservationists, community based organizations （CBOs）, and tour operators based in Wasini Island. Systematic random sampling was used to select 320 respondents. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires while secondary data were obtained through critical examination of public and private recorded documents related to the study. Data were analyzed using techniques which included frequencies, means, modes and percentages. ecotourism initiatives in the study area have significantly contributed to job creation and financial empowerment to the local people. ecotourism in the study area has contributed to the acquisition of both human （education） and physical assets owned by the local community. Environmental conservation has also been achieved through ecotourism initiatives. In the face of joblessness, residents of Wasini need to be capacitated to venture into ecotourism projects as it has the potential of improving livelihoods.

关键词： ecotourism initiatives ecotourism development sustainable livelihood Wasini Island attitudes Kwale County

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Analysis of ecotourism, Culture and Local Community Empowerment: Case Study of Wasur National Park - Indonesia

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Macro Management & Public Policies 2021年第2期3卷 7-13页

作者： Inez Cara Alexander Phoek Alexander Phuk Tjilen Edi Cahyono Faculty of Business and Accountancy Saint Theresa School of Economics MeraukeIndonesia Faculty of Social and Political Science Musamus University MeraukeIndonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Halu Oleo University KendariIndonesia

The focus of this research lies in community empowerment based on culture and local communities as well as sustainable ecotourism,which is directed at a complicated mechanism of empowerment elements,local culture that is thick in ecotourism to get added value for the novelty of ecotourism *** object of research is Wasur National Park(WNP),Papua,*** methods have been used to obtain accurate data and information,i.e.,in-depth interviews with indigenous people to find out the benefits or functions of their culture that can be developed in ecotourism,interviews with leaders and staff of WNP and the Department of Culture and Tourism to find out the potential and processes empowerment and existing tourism *** a result,from the perspective of empowerment,local people will easily follow the empowerment process provided that they use methods that are culturally appropriate which is from the viewpoints from the culture of sasi,totem and sacred *** culture adopted by the community is in accordance with the principles of ecotourism that supports sustainability,environmental conservation,protection of environmental resources and increases economic ***,it is recommended to carry out modified socialization in accordance with the current ***,tourists who visit WNP do not become afraid of the very rigid sanctions which are applied to them who violate the existing cultural and environmental ***,to get added economic value in the tourism business within WNP,it is necessary to explore the potential of cultural wealth,natural and biological wealth so that it becomes the main attraction in carrying out the economic empowerment of local communities in the field of ecotourism.

关键词： ecotourism development Culture conditions and community empowerment Sustainability practices Conservation management Economic development policy

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Tibetan Attitudes Towards Community Participation and ecotourism

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2012年第1期3卷 8-15页

作者：唐承财钟林生成升魁中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

Some Tibetan villages in Shenzha county, Tibet were chosen as typical Tibetan communities in China. Attitudes and perceptions towards Tibetan community participation in ecotourism were analyzed using face to face interviews. Most residents supported the development of ecotourism. They are willing to engage in ecotourism projects and accept ecotourism education and training, and expect that the government provides opportunities for them to participate in making ecotourism decisions. Most residents believed that ecotourism promotes local economies and social development, and enhances the ability and quality of local residents while improving their environmental consciousness. However, some residents were concerned that ecotourism may destroy local natural environments and Tibetan folk customs and culture. The level of community participation in ecotourism development is only in its infancy in Shenzha, but there is strong potential. The chief participatory approaches of ecotourism development for most residents were providing labor and catering services and commodities for tourism, and Tibetan performance singing and dancing. Limiting factors include language, a shortage of knowledge and skills, and poor ecotourism infrastructure. Most residents had little confidence that the government was willing to support them to participate in ecotourism. We put forward some mechanisms to enhance the level of community participation in ecotourism in this important region.

关键词： community participation ecotourism development typical Tibetan community Shenzha Tibetan Autonomous Region

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我国自然保护区生态旅游业开发模式研究

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旅游管理 1999年第1期

作者：孙根年

我国自然保护区生态旅游业开发是自然保护事业和旅游业可持续发展的需要；本文依据旅游活动的环境影响，将旅游业划分为4种生态类型，又依据保护区生态旅游业的可开发程度，将自然保护区划分为5个生态旅游开发等级；在此基础上依据自然... 详细信息

我国自然保护区生态旅游业开发是自然保护事业和旅游业可持续发展的需要；本文依据旅游活动的环境影响，将旅游业划分为4种生态类型，又依据保护区生态旅游业的可开发程度，将自然保护区划分为5个生态旅游开发等级；在此基础上依据自然生态—经济开发对应关系，提出了保护区生态旅游业开发的模式及开发程序；最后，对自然保护区的生态旅游业开发政策进行了探讨。

关键词：自然保护区生态旅游开发对应模式研究程序政策建议 Nature reserves ecotourism development Corresponding model development programme Policy and recommendation

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