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RESEARCH ON THE ENERGY economization OF ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC HAMMER

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2000年第1期13卷 54-69页

作者： Lei Bufang Li Yongtang Liu Jiansheng (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Institute) 太原重型机械学院山西太原

The research on the driving principle and economization of energy of electro-hydraulic hammer is discussed. By means of the balance chart of energy, the method and formulas to calculate every level efficiency and the total efficiency of steam drived hammer are *** the aid of actual data of plants,the actual efficiency of steam drived hammer is got. The working principle and the driving system of electro-hydraulic hammer are introduced. The procedure of energy energy of this hammer is analyzed. The utilization ratio of energy of this type of hammer is got. It is shown that the efficiency of electro-hydraulic hammer is 7 times as much as that of steam drived hammer.

关键词： Steam hammer Electro-hydraulic hammer economization

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ENERGY ABSORPTION OF ROCK FRAGMENTATION UNDER IMPULSIVE LOADS WITH DIFFERENT WAE FORMS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1993年第1期3卷 1-5,9页

作者： Li, Xibing Lai, Haihui Gu, Desheng Central-South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, China

In order to investigate the effects of stress waveforms on energy dissipation and the degree of fragmentation of rock. SHPB experiments on rock using rams with different structures and geometries have been performed. The efficiency of energy absorption and post-fragmentation grain sizes under diffferent loading conditions have been determined. The results show that both energy absorption and the degree of fragmentation of rock are related to the shapes of incident stress waves. From the view of energy economization. the approximately symmetric bell-shaped pulse produced by a truncated cone ram is apparently superior to an exponentiallyattenuation pulse provided that the incident energy is great enough to fragment the rock. But no matter what the intensities and shapes of the loading pulses are. the maximum energy absorption of rock can not be more than 50％ of the incident energy.

关键词： rock fragmentation dynamics stress wave dissipation and economization of energy

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Detailed Analysis of Five Aspects Addressed to Minimize Costs and Waste in the Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Films Using the CdB–AC6H5O7–AOH–(NH2)2CS System

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第6期4卷 386-405页

作者： J. A. García-Valenzuela O. A. Castelo-González M. R. Baez-Gaxiola M. Sotelo-Lerma Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales (DIPM) Universidad de Sonora Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas S/N Col. Centro C.P. 83000 Hermosillo Sonora Mexico

Five studies were conducted in order to produce less waste and economize the application of a CdCl2–Na3C6H5O7– KOH–H3BO3/NaOH/KCl–(NH2)2CS definite aqueous system in the chemical bath deposition of CdS thin films, as well as to generate supporting information helpful to explain the effects of varying certain parameters established for the use of this formulation. These studies are related to the utility of the pH 10 borate buffer, to the selection of the appropriateOH–concentration, commercial alkali, and reaction temperature, and to the reusing of the residual solution. These studies were conducted by means of optical characterization, pH measurements, energy consumption tests, and chemical analysis;and all possible implications were analyzed in detail and widely supported by the literature. It is observed that the addition of 5.0 mL of pH 10 borate buffer in the reaction solutions only causes a slight reduction in the pH value and, therefore, in the thickness of the resulted films. It is observed that a decrease in CdCl2 concentration causes an increase in the pH values, and when such reagent concentration is varied it is necessary to determine the pH value at which the best CdS films can be obtained;this indicates the existence of an optimum pH of deposition, depending on the used reagent concentrations. It is demonstrated that the use of KOH and NaOH is interchangeable, and the advantages of NaOH are evaluated in the context of hygroscopicity, CO2 absorption, purity, and price. It is observed that the energy consumption when depositing a determined film is lower at high temperatures, and it is concluded that the time and energy savings at high temperatures are undoubtedly advantages in the deposition process of CdS thin films. A formulation to recycle the residual solution is presented, which is very important for the reducing of residual volume, and, therefore, in the minimizing of the environmental impact. An indirect objective of this work is to generate inte

关键词： Thin Films Cadmium Sulfide Chemical Bath Deposition economization Environmental Friendliness

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