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Study on eco-restoration of Polluted Rivers

Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第10期17卷 2386-2389,2409页

作者：万玉山邹涛邵敏李定龙常州大学环境与安全工程学院江苏常州213164

[Objective] This study was conducted to find a restoration method suitable for urban polluted rivers. [Method] A segment of a representative river in the old part of a certain city in south Jiangsu was selected as a research area through previous investigation, and the polluted river was cleaned and restored by 3 methods, i.e. artificial wetland, floating island type wetland and purification floating island. [Resuit] Floating plants （Hydrocotyle verticillata and Myriophyllum spicatum） showed better restoration effects than emergent aquatic plants （Iris wilsonii, Arundo donax, reed, water-cultured Ilex chinensis and Lythrum salicaria）. The two types of plants showed the removal rates of total nitrogen of 37.9% and 34.1%, respectively, the removal rates of total phosphorous of 80.1% and 73.5%, respectively, the removal rates of COD of 81.1% and 74.8%, respectively, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen of 80.6% and 85.9%, respectively, and the removal rates of SS of 59.1% and 77.3%, respectively. Among the purification floating island, the artificial wetland and the floating island type wetland, the purification floating land restoration technique exhibited the best removal effect, with the removal rates of 87.6%, 71.3%, 87.6%, 97.5% and 81.8% for total nitrogen, total phosphorous, ammonia nitrogen COD and SS, respectively. The nitrification and denitdfication rates of bottom mud and water samples in the engineering segment were remarkably higher than those in the reference segment, by 15.4% and 21.1%, respectively. The nitrification and denitrification rates of bottom mud in the engineering segment and the non-engineering segment were higher than those of water samples by 26.9% and 31.8%, respectively. restoration plants showed better removal effects of total phosphorous, total nitrogen, COD and SS under aeration condition than noeration condition. [Conclusion] The purification floating island has a significant restoration effect on urban polluted river.

关键词： Polluted Rivers eco-restoration Aeration

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Comparative Study on Phosphorus Contents of Soil in Karst Rocky Desertification Area during eco-restoration Process in Guangxi Province

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2008年第3期9卷 141-144页

作者：覃勇荣刘旭辉曾忠良周春梅蓝崇钰中山大学生命科学学院广东广州510275 河池学院化学与生命科学系广西宜州546300

[Objective] The research aimed to study change law of phosphorus content of soil in karst rocky desertification region(KRD) during eco-restoration process such as Northwest Guangxi Province.[Method] The soil samples were collected from typical KRD in Pingguo County and Yizhou *** determining quotas of different soil samples such as soil total phosphorus content and available phosphorus content were detected,in addition the soil total phosphorus content,available phosphorus content, urease activity, catalase activity and organic matter content in different soil samples were analyzed comparatively.[Result] Aspect,vegetation type and recovery time generated obviously influences on phosphorus contents in different soil *** concrete influence order was listed as follow: phosphorus content in soil of south slope was higher than that in soil of north slope;phosphorus content in soil where Zenia insignis Chun was planted was higher than that in soil of closed forest and that of soil where Dendrocalamus minor Var. amoen was planted,additionally,phosphorus increased with recovery time. Urease activity could be used as a monitoring index of soil fertility because it is related to the change of phosphorus content.[Conclusion] The soil of karst rocky desertification region in Northwest Guangxi Province could be recovered gradually if excessive human disturbance was *** proper natural method of recovery promoted by human was taken,the recovery would reach a better result.

关键词： Phosphorus content in soil Karst rocky desertification eco-restoration

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Influence of variation of soil spatial heterogeneity on vegetation restoration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2020-2031页

作者： LI Xinrong Shapotou Desert Experiment and Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Numerous hypotheses and conceptional models dealing with the grassland deserti-fication or degradation processes recognize that the invasion of shrubs in grasslands is the most striking feature of the variation of vegetation patterns in the grassland degradation or desertifica-tion processes in arid and semiarid regions. This is because the invasion of shrubs in grasslands increases the heterogeneity of the temporal and spatial distribution of primary vegetation and soil resources. As a result, the biological processes of the soil-vegetation system are increasingly concentrated in the “fertile islands” under shrub canopies, and the soil between shrubs gradually turns into bare area or moving sand under the influences of prolonged wind and water erosion. Most of relative researches support this bio-ecological interpretation for the degraded process of grassland. However, as viewed from the other aspect, the shrub vegetation distributed in patches also serves as the “trigger spots” for the grassland restoration or desertification reversion, and this has been demonstrated by the practices of combating desertification in China. Nearly 50 years of succession of artificial sand-binding vegetation in the Shapotou area and the regional restoration of eco-environment are the theoretical verification and successful example for the desertification reversion. The establishment of artificial vegetation in the region began with the installation of sand fences and planting xerophytic shrubs relying on less than 200 mm of annual precipitation under the non-irrigation condition, this made the moving sand, an originally uni-formly distributed soil resource, occur the variation of spatial heterogeneity. Through the redis-tribution of precipitation and dustfall by the canopy of xerophytic shrubs, litter accumulation and cryptogamic crust development, soil-forming processes under shrub canopies were accelerated; in the meantime, it also created a favorable condition for the invasion and

关键词： Tengger Desert, sand-binding vegetation, soil heterogeneity, succession, eco-restoration

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Questioning ecosystem Assessment and restoration Practices in a Major Urban Estuary： Perpetuating Myths of Degradation in Spite of the Facts

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2016年第2期5卷 78-108页

作者： John T. Tanacredi Martin P. Schreibman Kevin McDonnell Department of Biology Chemistry and Environmental Studies Molloy College Rockville Center N.Y. 11570 USA Center for Environmental Research Coastal Oceans Monitoring (CERCOM) Molloy College Rockville Center N. E 11570 USA Biology Department Brooklyn College CUNY Brooklyn N. E 11210 USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Dowling College Oakdale N. Y. 11769 USA

The Jamaica Bay ecosystem is a dichotomy. It encompasses more than 12,000 acres of coastal estuarine marshes and an ecological diversity rivaling any coastal environment in the world. It is considerably altered, and is affected by a variety of ecological insults directly related to the fact that more than 14 million people live in its vicinity. Environmental protection institutions responded to the challenge of protecting the bay, surrounding wetlands and recreational benefits by addressing the increasing load of contaminants into the ecosystem. Billions of dollars have been spent during the past five decades on restoration attempts, including upgrading wastewater treatment plantsand the closure of three major sanitary landfills. Even with the curtailment of untreated wastewater release and ending periodic dredging and filling programs, all activities that are necessary processes in maintaining an urban harbor, the Jamaica Bay ecosystem has reached a point where many believe it to be unrecoverable, requiring massive infusions of restoration dollars. This categorization has been perpetuated based on questionable data （the ＂myths＂） that, when investigated in rigorous scientific detail, prove to be unsubstantiated. In this paper, the origin of these myths and the scientific investigation that dispel them are discussed.

关键词： ecosystem based management eco-restoration urban ecology estuaries ecological health

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