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The Interannual Variability of east asian monsoon and Its Relationship with SST in a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Climate Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2000年第1期17卷 31-47页

作者：王会军 Laboratory for Numerical Modeling of Atmospheric Science and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing

Based on a 200 year simulation and reanalysis data (1980–1996), the general characteristics of east asian monsoon (EAM) were analyzed in the first part of the paper. It is clear from this re-search that the South asian monsoon (SAM) defined by Webster and Yang (1992) is geographically and dynamically different from the east asian monsoon (EAM). The region of the monsoon defined by Webster and Yang (1992) is located in the tropical region of Asia (40–110°E, 10–20°N), including the Indian monsoon and the Southeast asian monsoon, while the EAM de-fined in this paper is located in the subtropical region of east Asia (110–125°E, 20–40°N). The components and the seasonal variations of the SAM and EAM are different and they characterize the tropical and subtropical asian monsoon systems respectively. A suitable index (EAMI) for east asian monsoon was then defined to describe the strength of EAM in this paper. In the second part of the paper, the interannual variability of EAM and its relationship with sea surface temperature (SST) in the 200 year simulation were studied by using the composite method, wavelet transformation, and the moving correlation coefficient method. The summer EAMI is negatively correlated with ENSO (El Nino and Southern Oscillation) cycle represented by the NINO3 sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the preceding April and January, while the winter EAM is closely correlated with the succeeding spring SST over the Pacific in the coupled model. The general differences of EAM between El Nino and La Nina cases were studied in the model through composite analysis. It was also revealed that the dominating time scales of EAM variability may change in the long-term variation and the strength may also change. The anoma-lous winter EAM may have some correlation with the succeeding summer EAM, but this relation-ship may disappear sometimes in the long-term climate variation. Such time-dependence was found in the relationship between EAM and SST in the lon

关键词： east asian monsoon Interannual variability Coupled climate model

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The Impacts of Moisture Transport of east asian monsoon on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第4期24卷 606-618页

作者：孙力沈柏竹高枞亭隋波 Lesheng BAI Sheng-Hung WANG 安刚李健 Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province Changchun 130062 Wuhan Institute of Heavy Rain Wuhan 430074 Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA

By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of east asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of east asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. east China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of east asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through east China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.

关键词： Northeast China east asian monsoon moisture transport source-sink structure air mass trajectory

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Holocene Dune Mobility and Forcing Mechanisms at the Northern Margin of the east asian monsoon

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第4期87卷 1168-1178页

作者： HE Zhong ZHOU Jie YANG Linhai HE Hongming Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resource Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Dune fields at the northern margin of the east asian monsoon （EAM）, are mosaics of mobile and vegetation-stabilized aeolian dunes. These sand dunes are highly sensitive to environmental change, thus the distribution and the timing of their development may provide important clues to past environmental dynamics. Due to the strong wind erosion and dune migration, long and continuous stratigraphic records are seldom preserved. Synthesizing a large body of events, ultimately producing a relatively complete and high-resolution record, may be a proper method to investigate the dune development history and climate change. In this study, we synthesized a large body of luminescence ages for aeolian deposits from the Mu Us, Otindag, Horqin dune fields at the northern margin of the EAM. The results show that these dune fields, as a whole experienced a most extensive mobility during the early Holocene, followed by a widespread shift toward limited mobility and soil development in the mid-Holocene, and widespread reactivation occurred during late Holocene. The dune developments are directly linked to the effective moisture change controlled by the EAM changes, which respond to the low latitude summer insolation variation. The increased subsidence at the margin contrary to the core EAM, the delay from the feedback of the soil-vegetation-air coupled system, the increased evaporation due to the high temperature all play partial role in the lag of the margin EAM effective moisture change to the low latitude summer insolation. The asynchronous end of the wetter mid-Holocene mainly responds to the southeastwardly shift of the precipitation belt, while the regional sensitivity, response speed and internal feedback also contributed. The correspondence between dune records and North Atlantic drift-ice records of the rapid climate changes implies a close relationship between North Atlantic climate and the frequent dune activity at the northern margin of EAM.

关键词： Holocene dune mobility luminescence dating east asian monsoon forcing mechanisms

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Characteristics of Clay Minerals in the Northern South China Sea and Its Implications for Evolution of east asian monsoon since Miocene

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2008年第1期19卷 23-37页

作者：万世明李安春胥可辉尹学明 Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China School of Marine Science College of William & Mary Gloucester Pt VA 23062 USA

Clay mineral assemblages, crystallinity, chemistry, and micromorphology of clay particles in sediments from ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea （SCS） were analyzed, and used to trace sediment sources and obtain proxy records of the past changes in the east asian monsoon climate since the Miocene, based on a multi-approach, including X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry （SEM-EDS）. Clay minerals consist mainly of illite and smectite, with associated chlorite and kaolinite. The illite at ODP Site 1146 has very well-to-well crystallinity, and smectite has moderate-to-poor crystallinity. In SEM the smectite particles at ODP Site 1146 often appear cauliflower-like, a typical micromorphology of volcanic smecites. The smectite at ODP Site 1146 is relatively rich in Si element, but poor in Fe, very similar to the smectite from the West Philippine Sea. In contrast, the chemical composition of illite at ODP Site 1146 has no obvious differences from those of the Loess plateau, Yellow River, Yangtze River, and Pearl River. A further study on sediment source indicates that smectite originates mainly from Luzon, kaolinite from the Pearl River, and illite and chlorite from the Pearl River, Taiwan and/or the Yangtze River. The clay mineral assemblages at ODP Site 1146 were not only controlled by continental eathering regimes surrounding the SCS, but also by the changing strength of the transport processes. The ratios of （illite＋chlorite）/smectite at ODP Site 1146 were adopted as proxies for the east asian monsoon evolution. Relatively higher ratios reflect strongly intensified winter monsoon relative to summer monsoon, in contrast, lower ratios indicate a strengthened summer monsoon relative to winter monsoon. The consistent variation of this clay proxy from those of Loess plateau, eolian deposition in the North Pacific, planktonic, benthic foraminifera, and black carbon in the SCS since 20 Ma shows tha

关键词： clay mineral sediment source analysis east asian monsoon Miocene South China Sea.

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The Combined Effect of Tibetan Plateau Uplift and Glacial-Interglacial Cycles on the Quaternary Evolution of the east asian monsoon: Evidence from South China Sea Sediments

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 661-668页

作者： MENG Xianwei LIU Yanguang ZHANG Xiaodong ZHANG Jun First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Ocean University of China

The siliciclastic sediments of the uppermost section of 185 mcd （meters composite depth） from ODP Site 1146 on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea （SCS） were partitioned according to their sources using end-member modeling on grain-size *** goal was to evaluate the evolution of the east asian monsoon over the past 2 million *** siliciclastic sediments were described as hybrids of four end-members,EM1,EM2,EM3,and EM4,with modal grain sizes of 8-22 μm,2-8 μm,31-125 μm,and 4-11 μm,***1 and EM3 are interpreted as eolian dust and EM2 and EM4 as fluvial *** ratio of eolian dust to fluvial mud （（EM1＋EM3）/（EM2＋EM4）） is regarded as an indicator of the east asian *** variation in this ratio not only shows periodical oscillations consistent with oxygen isotope stages,but also exhibits a phased increasing trend corresponding with the phased uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau,indicating that the evolution of the east asian monsoon was controlled not only by glacial-interglacial cycles,but also by the phased uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau during the Quaternary.

关键词： east asian monsoon South China Sea Tibetan Plateau uplift glacial-interglacial cycle Quaternary

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Relationship between east asian monsoon and Dust Weather Frequency over Beijing

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第6期27卷 1389-1398页

作者：武云飞张仁健韩志伟曾昭美 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate east Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences

The relationship between dust weather frequency （DWF）, which denotes the number of days of dust weather events, over Beijing and the east asian monsoon （EAM） was studied using DWF data for Beijing during the period 1951-2006. Results show that, during this period, the blowing-dust weather frequency （BDWF）, as well as the indices of east asian winter monsoon （EAWM） and east asian summer monsoon （EASM）, all decreased considerably, with a t-test confidence level of 99%. The correlation coeffcients between the chosen EAWM index and BDWF over Beijing in winter and the following spring were 0.34 and 0.33, respectively, with significance levels of 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. For the chosen EASM index and BDWF, these correlation coeffcients were 0.51 and 0.45, respectively, with both at a confidence level exceeding 99.9%. With the linear trends removed, the values （in the same order as above） were 0.14, 0.14, -0.12, and -0.09, all not significant at the 95% confidence level. Clearly, the EAM relates mainly to DWF over long timescales. To a certain extent, the EAM might have some impact on DWF by affecting the associated surface air temperature and precipitation during the corresponding time period in sand-dust source regions at the interannual scale. A stronger （weaker） EAWM might advance （suppress） the occurrence of DWF, and the opposite for the EASM.

关键词： dust weather frequency east asian monsoon correlation

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The Sensitivity of Numerical Simulation of the east asian monsoon to Different Cumulus Parameterization Schemes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1998年第2期15卷 71-87页

作者：成安宁陈文黄荣辉 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing

In this paper, a 5-level spectral AGCM is used to examine the sensitivity of simulated east asian summer monsoon circulation and rainfall to cumulus parameterization schemes. From the simulated results of east asian monsoon circulations and rainfalls during the summers of 1987 and 1995, it is shown that the Kuo′s convective parameterization scheme is more suitable for the numerical simulation of east asian summer monsoon rainfall and circulation. This may be due to that the cumulus in the rainfall system is not strong in the east asian monsoon region.

关键词： Convective parameterization scheme east asian monsoon numerical simulation

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South China Sea monsoon Experiment(SCSMEX) and the east asian monsoon

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2006年第2期20卷 159-190页

作者：丁一汇李崇银何金海陈隆勋甘子钧钱永甫阎俊岳王东晓施平方文东许建平李立 National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 South China Sea Institute of Oceanography Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 Department of Atmosphere Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 The 2nd Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 The 3rd Institute of Oceanography SOA Xiamen 361005

The SCSMEX is a joint atmospheric and oceanic experiment by international efforts, aiming at studying the onset, maintenance, and variability of the South China Sea （SCS） summer monsoon, thus improving the monsoon prediction in Southeast and east asian regions. The field experiment carried out in May-August 1998 was fully successful, with a large amount of meteorological and oceanographic data acquired that have been used in four dimensional data assimilations by several countries, in order to improve their numerical simulations and prediction. These datasets are also widely used in the follow-up SCS and east asian monsoon study. The present paper has summarized the main research results obtained by Chinese meteorologists which cover six aspects：（1） onset processes and mechanism of the SCS summer monsoon; （2） development of convection and mesoscale convective systems （MCSs） during the onset phase and their interaction with large-scale circulation; （3） low-frequency oscillation and teleconnection effect; （4） measurements of surface fluxes over the SCS and their relationship with the monsoon activity; （5） oceanic thermodynamic structures, circulation, and mesoscale eddies in the SCS during the summer monsoon and their relationship with ENSO events; and （6） numerical simulations of the SCS and east asian monsoon.

关键词： east asian monsoon South China Sea monsoon experiment (SCSMEX) monsoon onset low-frequency oscillation

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The　Present　Status　and　Future　of　Research　of　the　east　asian　monsoon

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1997年第2期14卷 2-17页

作者：马鹤年丁一汇中国气象局北京中国气象局国家气候中心北京

The weather and climate in China are greatly affected by the east asian monsoon. For long time the Chinese meteorologists have undertaken numerous works regarding research and prediction of the east asian monsoon, and made great achievements that are well noted for the world and in China. In the future 5-10 years, the research on the east asian monsoon will be strengthened and the thus obtained achievements will be gradually transferred into the operational capability, eventually leading to an improvement of weather and climate prediction in east Asia. The present paper has firstly made an overview of the present status of research on the east asian monsoon, illustrating the 4-stage developmental process of monsoon study in China and major achievements thus obtained. Then the major problems related to the study of the east asian monsoon are scientifically indicated, and the monsoon-related ongoing and future scientific field experiments and study projects the Chinese scientists have initiated or participated are briefly described. It may be expected that a new breakthrough in the problem of the east asian monsoon in the future ten years will be made with these efforts and intensive research works. Finally, it is pointed out that, to accomplish this new breakthrough, a key problem is to carry out the extensive cooperation, in particular the scientific cooperation of the scientist across the Taiwan Strait as well as countries over the surrounding regions.

关键词： east asian monsoon monsoon experiment Cooperation

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Impacts of Coastal SST Variability on the east asian Summer monsoon

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第2期24卷 259-270页

作者：黄安宁张耀存高新房 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University

The impacts of the seasonal and interannual SST variability in the east Asia coastal regions （EACRSST） on the east asian summer monsoon （EASM） have been examined using a regional climate model （PδRCM9） in this paper. The simulation results show that the correlation between the EACRSST and the EASM is strengthened after the mid-1970s and also the variability of the EACRSST forcing becomes much more important to the EASM interannual variability after the mid-1970s. The impacts of the EACRSST on the summer precipitation over each sub-region in the EASM region become weak gradually from south to north, and the temporal evolution features of the summer precipitation differences over North and Northeast China agree well with those of the index of EASM （IEASM） differences. The mechanism analyses show that different EACRSST forcings result in the differences of sensible and latent heat flux exchanges at the air-sea interface, which alter the heating rate of the atmosphere. The heating rate differences induce low level air temperature differences over east Asia, resulting in the differences of the land-sea thermal contrast （LSTC） which lead to 850 hPa geopotential height changes. When the 850 hPa geopotential height increases over the east asian continent and decreases over the coast of east China and the adjacent oceans during the weakening period of weakens consequently. On the contrary, the EASM enhances during the strengthening period of the LSTC.

关键词： SST variability coastal oceans east asian monsoon numerical simulations

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