检索结果-南通市图书馆

A Global Analysis of the Relationship Between Urbanization and Fatalities in earthquake-Prone Areas

International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 805-820页

作者： Chunyang He Qingxu Huang Xuemei Bai Derek TRobinson Peijun Shi Yinyin Dou Bo Zhao Jubo Yan Qiang Zhang Fangjin Xu James Daniell State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University.Beijing 100875China School of Natural Resources Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601.Australia Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education.Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Geographical Science Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016.China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research.Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100101.China Department of Geography University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA School of Social Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639818.Singapore Geophysical Institute and Center for Disaster Management and risk Reduction Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76344 KarlsruheGermany

Urbanization can be a challenge and an opportunity for earthquake risk ***,little is known about the changes in exposure(for example,population and urban land)to earthquakes in the context of global urbanization,and their impacts on fatalities in earthquake-prone *** present a global analysis of the changes in population size and urban land area in earthquake-prone areas from 1990 to 2015,and their impacts on earthquake-related *** found that more than two thirds of population growth(or 70%of total population in 2015)and nearly three quarters of earthquake-related deaths(or 307,918 deaths)in global earthquake-prone areas occurred in developing countries with an urbanization ratio(percentage of urban population to total population)between 20 and 60%.Holding other factors constant,population size was significantly and positively associated with earthquake fatalities,while the area of urban land was negatively *** results suggest that fatalities increase for areas where the urbanization ratio is low,but after a ratio between 40 and 50%occurs,earthquake fatalities *** finding suggests that the resistance of building and infrastructure is greater in countries with higher urbanization ratios and highlights the need for further *** quantitative analysis is extended into the future using Shared Socioeconomic Pathways to reveal that by 2050,more than 50%of the population increase in global earthquake-prone areas will take place in a few developing countries(Pakistan,India,Afghanistan,and Bangladesh)that are particularly vulnerable to *** reduce earthquake-induced fatalities,enhanced resilience of buildings and urban infrastructure generally in these few countries should be a priority.

关键词： earthquake risk Global South risk governance Urbanization ratio Urban sustainability

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Location of Disaster Management Bases Using Spatial Analysis

引用

Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 1-29页

作者： Hadi Nayyeri Sahar Zandi Mahmood Souri Department of Geomorphology Faculty of Natural ResourceUniversity of KurdistanSanandajKurdistanIran Department of Geography Sciences Kharazmi UniversityTehranIran Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic Employee of Iran HamedanIran

Pre-crisis management involves the optimal selection of relief and rescue centers to minimize *** is particularly vulnerable due to its location on the Alpine-Himalaya seismic belt,resulting in an average death rate six times higher than the global average during ***,selecting appropriate relief and rescue centers is crucial to Iran’s disaster *** selecting the placement of rescue centers,accessibility and the appropriateness of the land should be taken into account as well as the distance from high-risk *** location of these centers does not require any particular *** address this issue,a study was conducted utilizing GIS,artificial neural networks,fuzzy logic,and mathematical models to determine the optimal placement based on 12 indicators within two clusters:natural and *** examine the information layers of the initial stage,a spatial data repository concerning the variables impacting the placement of these centers was established using *** functions and algorithms such as Fuzzy Logic in IDRISI,TOPSIS,and VIKOR software,the layers were assessed for weightage before being *** study’s analysis of the models used revealed that the positioning priority limits of the areas differed across all four ***,the areas with high desirability varied to a greater extent:the fuzzy model varied by 9.3%,neural network by 12.4%,VIKOR by 4.5%,and TOPSIS by 16.2%.The variance in results can be attributed to the differing levels of risk acceptance and non-acceptance in each ***,the study yielded other significant findings such as the correlation between study area size and model ***,smaller study areas exhibited higher model *** research also demonstrated that both fuzzy and VIKOR models achieved greater *** a result,employing these models in crisis management planning,particularly in pre-crisis management for identifying rescue center lo

关键词： Crisis management GIS earthquake risk site selection

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Identification of meta-instable stress state based on experimental study of evolution of the temperature field during stick-slip instability on a 5° bending fault

引用

Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第6期55卷 869-881页

作者： MA Jin S I SHERMAN GUO YanShuang State Key Laboratory of earthquake Dynamics Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China Institute of the Earth＇s Crust Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences lrkutsk 664033 Russia

Identification of the meta-instable stress state and study of its mechanism and evolution of relevant physical fields would be of great significance for determination of potential seismic risks and estimation of critical times. In laboratory experiments, that the specimen enters the meta-instable is marked by accelerated stress release. Could we use the experimental result to identify the earthquake in natural conditions? Because the observational data from one station can only reflect the stress state beneath this station, the key problem for identification of the meta-instability is how to recognize regional stress state through observational data from many stations. In this work, we choose the evolution of the temperature field over varied deformation stages during a stick-slip event on a 5 bending fault as an example, and attempt to find the response features of the physical quantity when the fault enters the meta-instable state. We discuss the characteristics of stages for the stress build-up, stress-time process deviating from linearity before instability, meta-instability, instability, and post-instability, respectively. The result shows that the fault instability slide is a conversion process from independent activities of each fault segment to synergism activity. The instability implies completion of the synergism. The stage deviating from linearity is the onset of stress release, and it is also the onset of the synergism. At the meta-instability stages, stress release becomes dominant, while the synergism tends to finish. Therefore, the analysis of the regional overall stress state should not start from individual stations, and instead it should begin with the evolution of the whole deformation field.

关键词： earthquake risk stress state meta-instable state evolution of the temperature field synergism bending fault

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Decision-making method for high-speed rail early warning system in complex earthquake situations

引用

Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 47-61页

作者： Minjia Tan Qizhou Hu Yikai Wu Juanjuan Lin Xin Fang School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina

To address the shortcomings in decision-making methods for ground motion threshold warning models in high-speed rail earthquake early warning systems(HSREEWs),we propose a dual judgement method and corresponding early warning process for earthquake early warning decisions based on joint peak ground acceleration(PGA)and complex earthquake environmental risk evaluation(ERE)***,we analyse the characteristics of four complex earthquake environments based on the characteristics of high-speed rail(HSR)operating ***,we establish an earthquake environmental risk evaluation index system and propose an adversarial interpretive structure modelling method-based complex earthquake situation evaluation model(AISM-based ESEM).The AISM method firstly evaluates the proximity by the TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)method,then effectively rank targets with fuzzy attributes through opposite hierarchical extraction rules without sacrificing system *** PGA can reflect the current size of earthquake energy,combining PGA thresholds with ESEM-derived values of ERE can effectively determine the risk status of each train and make decisions on the most appropriate alarm form and control measures for that ***,case analysis results under the background of Wenchuan earthquake show that the new early warning decisionmaking method accurately assesses environmental risks in affected areas and provides corresponding warning levels as a supplement to existing HSREEWs warning models.

关键词： high-speed rail(HSR) earthquake situation earthquake risk decision-making earthquake early warning

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Investigation of Coulomb stress changes in south Tibet(central Himalayas) due to the 25th April 2015 M_W 7.8 Nepal earthquake using a Coulomb stress transfer model

引用

earthquake Science 2016年第5期29卷 271-279页

作者： Xu Cheng Guojie Meng Institute of earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration

After Mw 7.8 Nepal earthquake occurred, the rearrangement of stresses in the crust commonly leads to subsequent damaging earthquakes. We present the calculations of the coseismic stress changes that resulted from the 25th April event using models of regional faults designed according to south Tibet-Nepal structure, and show that some indicative significant stress increases. We calculate static stress changes caused by the displacement of a fault on which dislocations happen and an earthquake occurs. A Mw 7.3 earthquake broke on 12 May at a distance of - 130 km SEE of the Mw 7.8 earthquake, whose focus roughly located on high Coulomb stress change （CSC） site. Aftershocks （first 15 days after the mainshock） are associated with stress increase zone caused by the main rupture. We set receiver faults with specified strikes, dips, and rakes, on which the stresses imparted by the source fault are resolved. Four group normal faults to the north of the Nepal earthquake seismogenic fault were set as receiver faults and variant results followed. We provide a discussion on Coulomb stress transfer for the seismogenic fault, which is useful to identify potential future rupture zones.

关键词： Coulomb stress changes Elastic model Stress transfer earthquake risk Nepal earthquake

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Influence of the Kunlun Mountain M_S8.1 earthquake on Horizontal Crustal Deformation in the Sichuan and Yunnan Area

引用

earthquake Research in China 2007年第3期21卷 269-280页

作者： Yang Guohua Jiang Zaiseng Zhang Fengshuang Liu Xia Han Yueping Shen Wuchun Wang Li First Crust Monitoring and Application Center CEA Tianjin 300180 China Institute of earthquake Science CEA Beijing 100036 China

In order to track the space-time variation of regional strain field holistically(in a large scale) and to describe the regional movement field more objectively,the paper uses a nonlinear continuous strain model focused on extracting medium-low frequency strain information on the basis of a region with no *** to the repeated measurements(1999～2001～2004) from GPS monitoring stations in the Sichuan and Yunnan area obtained by the Project of "China Crust Movement Measuring Network",and with the movement of 1999～2001(stage deformation background) as the basic reference,we separated the main influencing factors of the Kunlun Mountain M-S8.1 earthquake in 2001 from the data of 2001 and 2004,and the results indicate:(1) the Kunlun Mountain M-S8.1 earthquake has a discriminating effect on the Sichuan and Yunnan area,moreover,the deformation mode and background had not only certain similitude but also some diversity;(2) The movement field before the earthquake was very ordinal,while after the earthquake,order and disorder existed simultaneously in the displacement field;The displacement quantities of GPS monitoring stations were generally several millimeters;(3) The principal strain field before earthquake was basically tensile in an approximate EW direction and compressive in the SN direction,and tension was *** the earthquake,the principal strain field in the Sichuan area was compressive in the EW direction and tensile in the SN direction,and the compression was *** the Yunnan area,it was tensional in the NE direction and compressive in the NW direction,and tension was predominant;(4) The surficial strain before the earthquake was dominated by superficial expansion,the contractive area being located basically in the east boundary of Sichuan and Yunnan block and its *** the earthquake,the Sichuan area was surface contractive(the further north,the greater it was),and south of it was an area of superficial ***

关键词： Ms 8.1 Kunlun Mountain earthquake Sichuan and Yunnan area GPS Horizontal movement and strain earthquake risk

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Preliminary Study on a Seismotectonic Model for the Active Faults in the Xining Urban Area

引用

earthquake Research in China 2008年第1期22卷 15-23页

作者： Tian Qinjian Li Zhimin Zhang Junlong Ren Zhikun China earthquake Disaster Prevention Center Beijing 100029 China Institute of earthquake Science CEA Beijing 100036 China Earthqnake Administration of Qinghai Province Xining 810001 China

On the basis of the Xining active urban fault survey, we studied the relationship between the active urban fault and fold deformation. The result of this research shows that the Huangshuihe fault and the NW-striking fault on the northern bank of the Huangshulbe River are tensional faults on top of an anticline, the Nanchuanhe fault is a transverse tear fault resulting from differential folding on two sides of the fault, the east bank of the Beichuanhe River fault is a compressional fault developed on the core or climb of a syncline. By balance profile analysis of fold deformation and inversion of gravity anomaly data, we obtained the depth of the detachment plane and established the seismotectonic model of the ）fining urban area. Based on the seismotectonic model, we analyzed the earthquake potential of the active urban fault.

关键词： Urban active fault Weak active fault Seismotectonic model earthquake risk Xining

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Characteristics and Implication of the earthquake Swarm Occurred in Fuzhou in September 1999

引用

earthquake Research in China 2001年第2期15卷 146-154页

作者： YuanDingqiang WangJian 等 SeismologicalBureauofJiangxiProvince Nanchang330039China InstituteofGeophysics CSBBeijing100081China

On September 23, 1999, an earthquake swarm occurred in Fuzhou. Because the swarm occurred in the region where earthquakes occurred scarcely before and very close to the center of the city as well as shortly after the Jiji earthquake with MS7.6 in Taiwan, September 21, 1999, has aroused interest broadly. In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of the earthquake swarm and validated magnitude-number constituent of the swarm is special. In present theory, the earthquake swarm means that a small scale macro original rupture has formed in the layer of the crust in Fuzhou region where moderately strong earthquake risk exists.

关键词： Seismicity earthquake swarm Magnitude-number structure earthquake risk

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：