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Overcoming obstacles to implementation: addressing political,institutional and behavioral problems in earthquake hazard mitigation policies

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2002年第1期1卷 152-158页

作者： Daniel J.Alesch William J.Petak Department of Public and Environmental Affairs University of Wisconsin-Green BayGreen BayWisconsin54311USA Professor School of Policy Planning and DevelopmentUniversity of Southern California650 Childs WayRoom 201eLos AngelesCalifornia90089-0626USA Professor

This project is aimed at bridging the three planes,from basic research,through enabling processes,to engineered *** the basic research plane,we have been working to improve our collective understanding about obstacles to implementing mitigation practices,owner decision processes (in connection with other MCEER projects),and public policy *** the level of enabling processes,we have been seeking to develop an understanding of how obstacles to greater mitigation can be overcome by improved policy design and *** the engineered systems plane, our work is intended to result in practical guidelines for devising policies and programs with appropriate motivation and incentives for implementing policies and programs once *** phase of the research has been aimed,first,at a thorough,multidisciplinary review of the literature concerning obstacles to ***,the research has focused on advancing the state of the art by developing means for integrating the insights offered by diverse perspectives on the implementation process from the several social,behavioral,and decision *** research establishes a basis for testing our understanding of these processes in the case of hospital retrofit decisions.

关键词： earthquake mitigation earthquake mitigation policies earthquake losses

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Determining the surface fault-rupture hazard zone for the Pazarcık segment of the East Anatolian fault zone through comprehensive analysis of surface rupture from the February 6,2023,earthquake(Mw 7.7)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2646-2663页

作者： Mustafa SOFTA Dokuz Eylul University Department of Geological Engineering Izmir 35390Türkiye Kansas State University Department of Geology Manhattan 66506KansasUSA

Following surface rupture observations in populated areas affected by the Kahramanmaraşearthquake(Mw 7.7)on February 6th,2023,along the Pazarcık segment of the East Anatolian Fault Zone(EAFZ),this study presents novel insights into physical criteria for delineating surface fault-rupture hazard zones(SRHZs)along ruptured strike-slip *** achieve this objective,three trench studies across the surface rupture were conducted on the Pazarcık segment of the EAFZ to collect field data,and earthquake recurrence intervals were interpreted using Bayesian statistics from previously conducted paleoseismological *** results of the proposed model indicate that the Pazarcık segment produced five significant surface-rupturing earthquakes in the last∼11 kyr:E1:11.13±1.74 kyr,E2:7.62±1.20 kyr,E3:5.34±1.05 kyr,E4:1.82±0.93 kyr,and E5:0.35±0.11 *** addition,the recurrence intervals of destructive earthquakes on the subject in question range from 0.6 kyr to 4.8 *** that the last significant earthquake occurred in 1513,the longest time since the most recent surface fault rupturing earthquake on this particular segment was 511 *** results indicate that,in terms of the theoretical recurrence interval of earthquakes that can create surface ruptures on the Pazarcık segment,the period in which the February 6,2023,earthquake occurred was within the end of the expected return *** a result,the potential for a devastating earthquake in the near future is not foreseen on the same ***,the SRHZ proposed for the Pazarcık section of Gölbaşıvillage was calculated as a 61-meter-wide offset on the fault lineament to reduce the negativities that may occur in the ruptured area in the *** is recommended to take into account this width in the settlement of this area and nearby areas.

关键词： Surface rupture earthquake mitigation Recurrence interval Pazarcık segment East Anatolian Fault Zone(EAFZ)

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earthquake vulnerability disaster in the Lembang district of West Bandung Regency, Indonesia

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earthquake Science 2019年第1期32卷 40-46页

作者： Fahmi Arif Kurnianto Fahrudi Ahwan Ikhsan Bejo Apriyanto Elan Artono Nurdin Department of Geography Education University of Jember

This research is concerned with an analysis of the level of vulnerability for an earthquake disaster in Lembang district,an area in West Java that includes the Bandung basin and has a high potential for earthquake *** Lembang district is close to the active Lembang fault whose movement can cause earthquakes of magnitude 7 on the Richter scale(Tempo Interaktif,May 11,2010).The research method used to assess the level of vulnerability is essentially a descriptive *** data analysis is based on calculating an earthquake disaster risk index(EDRI),which is in turn based on assessment of the region's social,physical and economic *** vulnerability level for earthquake disaster in the Lembang is ranked as medium *** social vulnerability of the population is the major contributing factor given the high population density and growth rate for the *** physical characteristics of the district,which includes mild temperatures and attractive scenery,make many people want to stay in and visit *** construction quality of buildings is so bad that they are not designed to withstand earthquakes,so improvement of building infrastructure is an alternative to reducing the various physical vulnerabilities.

关键词： vulnerability earthquake mitigation west Bandung Indonesia

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Fluid injection-induced fault slip during unconventional energy development:A review

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能源评论(英文) 2022年第2期1卷 8-19页

作者： Wei Wu Dazhao Lu Derek Elsworth School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Departments of Energy and Mineral Engineering&Geosciences Pennsylvania State UniversityUSA

An unusual increase in seismicity rate near the development and production sites of unconventional energy(e.g.,natural gas and geothermal fluids)has been attributed to subsurface fluid *** and hazardous earthquakes in many countries(e.g.,China,South Korea,and the United States)have motivated tremendous effort to understand the complexity of fault slip behaviors in response to fluid *** study reviews key characteristics of injection-induced fault slip and highlights prediction and mitigation strategies relevant to unconventional energy *** capability relies on adequate understanding and characterization of first-and second-order friction and stability behaviors of faults as well as impacts of fluid pressurization and its role in triggering aseismic,seismic,and transitional slip *** methods of investigation and characterization are noted together with typical examples together with scientific advances in our understanding towards forewarning and *** challenges are addressed relating to the understanding of complex secondorder friction behaviors and the location and characterization of blind *** needs are aided in the integration of multi-scale and multi-physical data obtained from laboratory,numerical,and field studies to offer crucial information for induced hazard preparedness and rapid run-up ***,emerging technologies contributing to an improved understanding,such as data analytics and machine learning,are discussed in heralding the next frontier for injection-induced seismicity research.

关键词： Fluid injection Induced seismicity Fault slip Unconventional energy earthquake mitigation

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