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Semi-automated detection of rangeland runoff and erosion control berms using high-resolution topography data

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 217-226页

作者： Li Li Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission Wuhan430010China Research Center on Mountain Torrent&Geologic Disaster Prevention Ministry of Water ResourcesWuhan430010China University of Arizona School of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentTucsonAZ85719USA

An inventory of topographic modifications is essential to addressing their impacts on hydrological and morphological processes in human-altered watersheds.However,such inventories are generally lacking.This study presents two workflows for semi-automatic detection of linear earthen runoff and erosion control berms in rangelands using high-resolution topographic data.The workflows consist of initial object identification by applying either morphological grayscale reconstruction(MGR)or the Geomorphon(GEO)method,followed by identification refinements through filters based on objects’horizontal and vertical information.Three sites were selected within the Altar Valley,Arizona,in the southwestern United States.One site was used for developing workflows and optimizing filter thresholds,and the other two sites were used to validate workflows.The results showed that:1)The MGR-based workflow methodology could produce final precision and detection rates of up to 92%and 75%,respectively,and take less than 5 s for a 10.1 km^(2) site;2)The workflow based on the MGR method yielded greater identification accuracy than did the GEO workflow;3)Object length,orientation,and eccentricity were important characteristics for identifying earthen berms,and are sensitive to general channel flow direction and berm shape;4)Manual interrogation of topographic data and imagery can significantly improve identification precision rates.The proposed workflows will be useful for developing inventories of runoff and erosion control structures in support of sustainable rangeland management.

关键词： earthen berm Rangeland Grayscale morphological reconstruction Geomorphon LiDAR

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Legacy earthen berms influence vegetation and hydrologic complexity in the Altar Valley,Arizona

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 755-763页

作者： Mary H.Nichols Sara E.Duke Chandra Holifield Collins Lauren Thompson Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS2000 E.Allen Rd.TucsonAZ85719USA Southern Plains Area Research Center USDA-ARSSPARCCollege StationTX77845USA University of Arizona College of Science GraduateTucsonAZ85719USA

Across the American Southwest water development has played a critical role in managing rangelands.earthen berms have been constructed throughout US rangelands to manage runoff and reduce erosion.The berms altered runoff patterns to increase soil moisture with positive local vegetative response.However,altered runoff patterns can be considered a disturbance that affects broader scale vegetation patterns.We hypothesized that the hydrologic impacts of earthen berms in semiarid rangelands will be reflected in contrasting upslope and downslope vegetation patterns.A supervised classification of grass,shrubs,and bare soil was performed using orthographic imagery taken in June 2016 to quantify the effects of 181 earthen berms in the uplands and floodplain of the Altar Valley in Southern Arizona,US.Intact berms blocked runoff,creating downslope runoff"shadows"within which the precipitation is the dominant water input.We documented more bare soil downslope of intact berms in comparison with upslope.Grass and shrub cover affected by berms were related to soil texture.Grass and shrub cover were not different above and below intact berms on fine textured soils,but on sites with coarser textured soil,grass cover was lower downslope of berms.Where breaches occurred on coarser textured soils,the up and downslope differences in grass cover diminished.This study points to the role of conservation structures in adding additional complexity to already heterogeneous landscapes by creating patchwork assemblages of vegetation and bare soil proximal to earthen runoff and erosion control berms.

关键词： Legacy conservation structure earthen bank earthen berm Land degradation Rangeland

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