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early life stress as Factor for Use of Psychoactive Substances: Integrative Review

Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第11期6卷 921-936页

作者： Larissa Bessani Hidalgo Gimenez Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira Silveira Danilo Caetano Albino da Silva Edilaine Cristina da Silva Gherardi-Donato Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences University of S&atildeo Paulo at Ribeir&atildeo Preto College of Nursing Ribeirao Preto Brazil Departament of Fundamental Nursing University of S&atildeo Paulo at Ribeir&atildeo Preto College of Nursing Ribeirao Preto Brazil Itapevi Diagnostic Imaging Center S&atildeo Paulo Brazil

Purpose: To identify, analyze and synthetize the scientific evidences that support early life stress (ELS) diagnosis using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), since it assumes the use of psychoactive substances later in adolescence and adulthood. Individuals that experienced some form of childhood stress may present, in adulthood, consequences that manifest into mental disorders such as problematic use of psychoactive substances. Methods: An integrative review of the literature on the subject in the databases: PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS and Psycinfo, regards studies that have been indexed in the last ten years (2003-2014). Combination of controlled and uncontrolled factors in the use and abuse of psychoactive substances, CTQ and ELS adapted to each database. Findings: The alcohol was the most used drug by the participating subjects of these research;mostly, the use of psychoactive drugs, started when they were still in adolescence;ELS and the later use of psychoactive drugs can be found more frequently in female;the lack of internal resources for dealing with stress in adulthood after ELS occurrence may have as a consequence the use of psychoactive drugs as a coping mechanism. Conclusions: It was possible to identify scientific evidences that support the ELS diagnosis, measured by the CTQ, as a determining factor for the use and abuse of alcohol and/or other psychoactive drugs in adolescence and adulthood. Implications: Investigate the ELS as a strategy to improve the therapeutic project of patients in nursing care, which will be built based on scientific evidence, so it can be more effective.

关键词： Childhood Trauma Questionnaire early life stress Evidence-Based Practice Substance Abuse

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Music in depression: Neural correlates of emotional experience in remitted depression

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第2期3卷 8-17页

作者： Sabine Aust Karin Filip Stefan Koelsch Simone Grimm Malek Bajbouj Cluster of Excellence "Languages of Emotion" and Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion Freie Universitat Berlin Department of Psychiatry Charité University Medicine BerlinCampus Benjamin Franklin14150 BerlinGermany Department of Medicine Justus Liebig University Giessen

AIM: To investigate neural and behavioral correlates of emotional experiences as potential vulnerability markers in remitted depression. METHODS: Fourteen remitted participants with a history of major depression and fourteen closely matched healthy control participants took part in the study. We used two psychiatric interviews(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and one self-report scale(Beck Depression Inventory) to assess remission. Healthy control participants were interviewed by an experienced psychiatrist to exclude those who showed any current or lifetime psychiatric or neurological disorders. To explore psychosocialand cognitive-interpersonal underpinnings of potential vulnerability markers of depression, early life stress, coping styles and alexithymia were also assessed. We induced pleasant and unpleasant emotional states using congruent combinations of music and human emotional faces to investigate neural and behavioral correlates of emotional experiences; neutral stimuli were used as a control condition. Brain responses were recorded using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Behavioral responses of pleasantness, arousal, joy and fear were measured via button-press inside the resonance imaging scanner. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 54.9(± 11.3) years. There were no differences between remitted depressed(RD)(n = 14; 9 females and 5 males) and healthy participants(n = 14; 8 females and 6 males) regarding age, current degree of depression, early life stress, coping styles and alexithymia. On a neural level, RD participants showed reduced activations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex(pg ACC) in response to pleasant [parameter estimates:-0.78 vs 0.32; t(26) =-3.41, P early life stress [β =-0.48; R2 = 0.23, F(1,27) = 7.83, P < 0

关键词： Mood disorders Remission Emotion Anterior cingulate cortex early life stress Music Functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Homocysteine promotes intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction by DNA hypermethylation in stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome rats

Homocysteine promotes intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunct...

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2019中国生理学会学术年会暨张锡钧基金第十五届全国青年优秀生理学学术论文交流会及第十三届全国青年生理学工作者学术会议

作者：赵云 Liang Zhang Fang Xie Xue Wang Shida Wang Lingjia Qian Department of Military Cognitive and stress Medicine Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain SciencesAcademy of Military Medical Sciences

Objective: stress, which is defined as an acute threat to homeostasis, shows both short-and longterm effects on the functions of the gastrointestinal *** previous data demonstrated that plasma homocysteine(Hcy) was significantly elevated in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) rats, and it was related to breakdown of epithelial tight junction and increased intestinal paracellular *** present study was to explore the molecular mechanism by which intestinal barrier dysfunction was regulated by Hcy dependent aberrant of DNA methylation in IBS caused by early life ***: Neonatal maternal separation(MS), is a preclinical model of early life stress, which rodent pups were separated from the dam(3 hours/day) as a litter during postnatal days 2-21, the rat model of IBS caused by MS was *** ratio of Sadenosylmethionine(SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine(SAH) in plasma, global DNA methylation level and DNA methyltransferase(DNMTs) activity in colon tissue was assessed by *** expression of Claudin-1 were measured using q-PCR and Western blot, and DNA methylation of claudin-1 promoter was analyzed using ***: The SAM/SAH ratio, global DNA methylation level and DNMTs activity all were significantly increased in ***,Claudin-1 mRNA and protein expression were decreased in IBS, accompanied by the increases of DNMT 3 b expression and DNA methylation in claudin-1 promoter *** above damaging effects could be alleviated by folate, Vitamin B6 and B12 supplementation, which is a clinical therapeutic strategy for hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy).Decitabine, an epigenetic modifier that inhibits DNMTs activity, was used to verify further the involvement of Hcy and DNA methylation in Claudin-1 expression regulation and intestinal barrier dysfunction caused by *** data revealed that it reversed the decrease of Claudin-1 transcription induced by Hcy in IBS rats after Decitabine treatment with intraperitoneal inje

关键词： Homocysteine DNA methylation Claudin-1 Irritable bowel syndrome early life stress

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